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API MPMS 17.4-2016 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 17.4 Method for Quantification of Small Volumes on Marine Vessels (OBQ ROB) (SECOND EDITION) .pdf

1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement StandardsChapter 17.4Method for Quantification of Small Volumes on Marine Vessels (OBQ/ROB)SECOND EDITION, SEPTEMBER 2016Special Notes API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federa

2、l laws and regulations should be reviewed. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein,

3、 or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon priva

4、tely owned rights. API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication an

5、d hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict. API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineerin

6、g and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any o

7、ther practices. Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact confo

8、rm to the applicable API standard. Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any given situation. Users of this standard should consult with the appropriate authorities having jurisdiction. Users of this standard should not rely exclusivel

9、y on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein. Users of instructions should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, eng

10、ineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein. Where applicable, authorities having jurisdiction should be consulted. Work sites and equipment operations may differ. Users are solely responsible for assessing their specific equipment and premises in deter

11、mining the appropriateness of applying the instructions. At all times users should employ sound business, scientific, engineering, and judgment safety when using this standard. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip th

12、eir employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction. Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be

13、 obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet. Where applicable, authorities having jurisdiction should be consulted. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted

14、by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Copyright 2016 American Petroleum Institute Foreword Nothing contained in any API

15、 publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringemen

16、t of letters patent. Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification. Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification. May: As used in a st

17、andard, “may” denotes a course of action permissible within the limits of a standard. Can: As used in a standard, “can” denotes a statement of possibility or capability. This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the deve

18、lopmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petro

19、leum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director. Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years.

20、 A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Sug

21、gested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org. iiiContents1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Safety and Health Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2 Static Electricity Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 Health Hazards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Quantification Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.1 General . . . . . . . .

26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.2 Gauging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27、 . . . . . . . . . 45.3 Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.4 Sampling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.5 Vessel Cargo Lines and Pumps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.6 Slops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 OBQ/ROB Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.2 Liquid Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.

31、3 Nonliquid Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Calculating Quantities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Annex A (normative) Small Volume Calculations and Configuration Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Annex B (informative) On Board Quantity/Remaining On Board Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Annex C (norma

33、tive) Wedge Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34、 . . . . . . 25FiguresA.1 Nonliquid Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7A.2 Single Liquid in Contact with All Four Bulkheads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8A.3 Single Liquid in Contact with Three Bulkheads Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9A.4 Single Liquid above Nonliquid (Liquid in Contact with All Four Bulkheads). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36、. 11A.5 Single Liquid above Nonliquid (Liquid in Contact with Three Bulkheads Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12A.6 Two Liquids (Both Liquids in Contact with All Four Bulkheads). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13A.7 Two Liquids (Lower Liquid in Contact

37、with Three Bulkheads Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14A.8 Two Liquids (Both Liquids in Contact with Three Bulkheads Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15A.9 Two Liquids with a Nonliquid Lower Layer (Lower Layer Liquid in Contact with

38、Three Bulkheads Only) . .15A.10 Two Liquids with a Nonliquid Lower Layer (Lower Layer Liquid in Contact with All Four Bulkheads) . . . 17A.11 Two Liquids with a Nonliquid Lower Layer (Both Liquids in Contact with Three Bulkheads Only). . . . 17vIntroduction The purpose of this standard is to provide

39、 a method for determining the small volumes of on board quantity (OBQ) prior to loading a vessel or material remaining on board (ROB) a vessel upon completion of discharge. 1 Method for Quantification of Small Volumes on Marine Vessels (OBQ/ROB)1 Scope This standard applies only to quantification by

40、 manual gauging of small volumes on marine vessels prior to loading or upon completion of discharge. It does not address clingage, hydrocarbon vapors, cargoes in transit, or cargo pumpability. Refer to API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS) Chapter 3. 2 Normative References The followi

41、ng referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. API MPMS Chapter 3 (all relevant sections), Tank GaugingAPI

42、MPMS Chapter 3.1A, Standard Practice for the Manual Gauging of Petroleum and Petroleum Products API MPMS Chapter 7, Temperature Determination API MPMS Chapter 8.1, Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products API MPMS Chapter 12.1.1, Calculation of Static Petroleum QuantitiesUpright Cylindric

43、al Tanks and Marine Vessels API MPMS Chapter 17.1, Guidelines for Marine Inspection API MPMS Chapter 17.2, Measurement of Cargoes On Board Tank Vessels API MPMS Chapter 17.11, Measurement and Sampling of Cargoes On Board Tank Vessels Using Closed and Restricted Equipment 3 Terms and Definitions For

44、the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. Other terms used in this standard are defined in API MPMS Chapter 1 or other API petroleum-measurement standards. 3.1 clingage Cargo that adheres to all surfaces of the emptied portion of the tank other than bottom surfaces. 3

45、.2 liquid volume The measurable amount of material that is free-flowing at the time of measurement. 3.3 multipoint gauging The activity of measuring cargo in a vessel tank through two or more openings in the top of the tank. 2 API MPMS CHAPTER 17.4 3.4 nonliquid volume The measurable amount of mater

46、ial that is not free-flowing at the time of measurement. Nonliquid material may include any one or a combination of hydrocarbon waxes, water/oil emulsions, sediment, or solidified cargo. 3.5 on board quantity OBQ The material in a vessels cargo tanks and piping before the cargo is loaded. 3.6 remain

47、ing on board ROB The material remaining in a vessels cargo tanks and piping after the cargo is discharged. 3.7 sediment Solid materials including, but not limited to, sand, rust, and scale. 3.8 slops Oil, oil/water/sediment, and emulsions contained in slop tanks or designated cargo tanks. The mixtur

48、e usually results from tank stripping, tank washing, or dirty ballast phase separation. 3.9 sludge That element of the material in a ships cargo tank that is essentially not free-flowing. Sludge consists of hydrocarbon waxes and may contain water/oil emulsions and sediment. The use of this term is n

49、ot recommended. 3.10 wedge formula A mathematical means to approximate small quantities of measurable liquid and/or nonliquid material on board that is in a wedge configuration and does not touch all bulkheads of the vessels tank. The formula is based on cargo compartment characteristics, vessel trim, and the depth of the material. 3.11 wedge table A vessels cargo tank volume table calculated on the wedge formula for use when cargo does not touch all bulkheads of the tanks. Wedge tables preclude the need for calculation by wedge formula at times of cargo transfer. 4 Safety and Healt

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