API MPMS 8.2-2015 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8.2 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Third Edition) .pdf

1、Manual of PetroleumMeasurement StandardsChapter 8.2Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsTHIRD EDITION, OCTOBER 2015Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local,state, and federal

2、 laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make anywarranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of theinformation contained herein, or

3、assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of anyinformation or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors,consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately o

4、wned rights.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure theaccuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, orguarantee in connection with this publication and hereby

5、expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss ordamage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication mayconflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operat

6、ingpractices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgmentregarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publicationsis not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.

7、Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standardis solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent,warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicab

8、le API standard.Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any givensituation. Users of this Standard should consult with the appropriate authorities having jurisdiction.Users of this Standard should not rely exclusively on the information

9、contained in this document. Sound business,scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equiptheir employees, and others exp

10、osed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obliga-tions to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditionsshould be obtained from the employer, t

11、he manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.Work sites and equipment operations may differ. Users are solely responsible for assessing their specific equipment andpremises in determining the appropriateness of applying the Standard. At all times users should emplo

12、y sound business,scientific, engineering, and judgment safety when using this Standard.The examples in this document are merely examples for illustration purposes only. Each company should develop itsown approach. They are not to be considered exclusive or exhaustive in nature. API makes no warranti

13、es, express orimplied for reliance on or any omissions from the information contained in this document.Users of the instructions in this document should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document.Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in e

14、mploying the information containedherein.Where applicable, authorities having jurisdiction should be consulted.Work sites and equipment operations may differ. Users are solely responsible for assessing their specific equipment andpremises in determining the appropriateness of applying the instructio

15、ns. At all times users should employ sound busi-ness, scientific, engineering, and judgment safety when using this Standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, record

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17、lication or otherwise, for themanufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anythingcontained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denot

18、es a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in orderto conform to the specification.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate

19、 notification andparticipation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning theinterpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under whichthis publication was developed should be directed in writing to t

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21、 withdrawn at least every five years. A one-timeextension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from theAPI Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is publishedannually by API, 1220 L Str

22、eet, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW,Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Referenced Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Significance and Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Representative Sampling Components . . . . .

25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Design Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Automatic Sampling Systems .

26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Sampling Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Mixing of th

27、e Flowing Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710 Proportionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、 . . . . . 911 Sample Extractor Grab Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1012 Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1013 Sample Handling and Mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1114 Control Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1115 Sample System Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1216 System Proving (Performance Acceptance Tests) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1217 Performance Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1318 Crude Oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1419 Refined Products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2420 Keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Annexes (Mandatory Information) A1 Calculation of the Margin of Error Based on Number of Sample Grabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25A2 Theoretical Calcluatio

34、ns for Selecting the Sampler Probe Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27A3 Performance Criteria for Portable Sampling Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32A4 Profile Performance Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37A5 Sampler Acceptance Test Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Appendixes (Nonmandatory Information)X1 Design D

36、ata Sheet for Automatic Sampling System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

37、Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Figures1 In-Line Sampling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Slip Stream Sample Loop Sampling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Sample Volume Regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39、. . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Typical Portable Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8vContentsPage5 Linefill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Probe Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Sample Probe and Slip Stream Take-Off Probe Location for Verti

41、cal or Horizontal Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Sample Probe with Multiple Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Sampling Components and Related Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1310 Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1411 Probe Chamfer Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1612 Beveled Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1713 Sequence of Acceptance Test Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20A1.1 Number of Samples versus Margin of Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27A2.1 Comparison of Mixing Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28A3.1 Portable Sampler Operational Data Confirmation of Mixing and Flow Sensor Velocity. . . . . . . . . . . . . 34A3.2 Portable Sampler Operational Data Confirmation of Free Water Sampled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46、 . . 35A3.3 Typical Piping Schematic to be Recorded for Discharges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36A3.4 Typical Piping Schematic to be Recorded for Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37A4.1 Multi Probe for

47、Profile Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38A5.1 Sampler Acceptance Test Data Sheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40X1.1 Design D

48、ata Sheet for Automatic Sampling System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43X2.1 Comparison of Percent Sediment and Water versus Unloading Time Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Tables1 Sample Frequency Variables . . . . . . . . . . .

49、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Container Size when Used In Different Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 Allowable Deviations for the Single and Dual Sampler Water Injection Acceptance Tests (Volume by Percent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19A1.1 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .