1、 API PUBbr4bZL 95 0732290 0555753 222 1995 Znternational Oil Spill Conference SECTION I-EVOLVING TECHNOLOGIES SECTION II-MARINE TRANSPORTATION SECTION III-FATE AND EFFECTS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS SECTION IV-SPILL MANAGEMENTIMITIGATION SECTION V-SUSTAINABLE GLOBAL PREPAREDNESS SECTION VI-THE BRAER IN
2、CIDENT SECTION VII-POSTER PRESENTATIONS API PUBLUYbZL 95 - 0732290 0555754 168 Abstracts 1995 International Oil Spill Conference (Achieving and Maintaining Preparedness) February 27-March 2,1995 Long Beach, California Sponsored by U.S. Coast Guard American Petroleum Institute U. S. Environmental Pro
3、tection Agency International Maritime Organization International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association - API PUBL*462L 95 W 0732290 0555755 OT4 W Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Catalog No. 75-4161 American Petroleum Institute publication No. 46201 Ame
4、rican Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street NW Washington, D.C. 20005 Type set by Circle Graphics, Inc. Columbia, Maryland 21045 Port City Press, Inc. Baltimore, Maryland 21208 F?rinted by In Memoriam Kenneth E. Biglane 1927-1994 The 1995 International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings volume is dedicate
5、d to the memory of Kenneth E. Biglane in recognition of his devoted service with the Environmental Protection Agency and valuable contributions to the Biennial International Oil Spill Conferences. Mr. Biglane was instrumental in pioneering the development of the National Response System in the Unite
6、d States. Early on, he was appointed to head the Emergency Response Office of the Environmental Protection Agency and served as the first Chairman of the National Response Team. It was Mr. Biglanes foresight in working with his government and industry counterparts that identified the need to establi
7、sh a routine forum for information exchange on oil spill prevention, preparedness, and response that resulted in the first Oil Spill Conference in 1969. Mr. Biglane continued to provide vital guidance and commitment to the Conference through 1993. 1995 International Oil Spill Conference James Ray, S
8、hell Oil Company Capt. Michael Donohoe, U.S. Coast Guard Kurt Jakobson, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Chairman Vice Chairman Vice Chairman V API PUBL*4621 95 m 0732290 0555757 977 = FOREWORD This proceedings represents the 14th biennial International Oil Spill Conference (IOSC). Since its inc
9、eption a quarter of a century ago, the Conference has slowly evolved upward as the political winds of oil spill interest have waxed and waned. Today, this Confernce stands as the premiere international technical conference and trade exposition for the worlds oil spill community. In a maturing and mo
10、re sophisticated industrialized world, nations of all sizes have recognized the importance of international environmental stewardship. Oil spills, though generally of relatively short term, localized influence, are one more environmental perturbation that can be minimized and mitigated by mans activ
11、e intervention. The goals of this Conference remain much as they were in 1969: “. . . to delineate the overall dimensions of the oil spills problem, explore the present state of the art of prevention and control of oil spills, and review the relevant research and development efforts of government an
12、d private industry, both here and abroad. The 1995 Conference takes another step forward to maintain its position as the premiere international conference on oil spill issues. To further develop the international cooperation and flow of information, the long time sponsors-the American Petroleum Inst
13、itute, U.S. Coast Guard, and Environmental Protection Agency-are joined this year by two international organizations. Representing the international regulatory community is the International Maritime Organization (IMO), and representing the international petroleum industry is the International Petro
14、leum Industry Environmental Conservation Association (IPIECA). With this new partnership, the IOSC will greatly enhance its international balance of technical contributions and trade exhibits. More importantly, it will help to communicate the latest in oil spill information to nations of all sizes t
15、hroughout the world. The long term benefits should include reduced loss of oil to the seas, quicker cleanup, and less environmental impact due to cleanup practices. During the past half dozen years, new oil spill management regulations have been implemented in the United States and internationally.
16、Although complex and detailed, one primary facet is better preparation and training of response personnel. Unfortunately, the level of interest and involvement in oil spill activities in the world communities is inversely related to the length of time since the last major, newsworthy oil spill event
17、. For that reason, the theme chosen for the 1995 Conference is “Achieving and Maintaining Preparedness.” How do we get and stay prepared? The technical papers to be presented, although covering a broad range of topics, were selected with this theme in mind. What is new for the 1995 Conference? Many
18、changes have been made to continue the process of improving the Conference and to meet the needs of the attendees. This year, one of our goals was to continue the improvement of the technical quality of the papers accepted. A selected group of 45 international reviewers chose 136 papers for this Pro
19、ceedings and presentation at the Conference. This was from more than 490 submitted. Additionally, 126 poster presentations will be displayed in seven special sessions over a two day period, and are also included in this Proceedings. A new Abstract Book and a day-at-a-glance chart has been developed
20、to assist attendees in selecting the presentations of their choice. Almost 300 vendors of oil spill related goods and services are participating in the associated trade show. Two major west coast spill coopera- tives are conducting an on-water demonstration of spill equipment and techniques. Many ot
21、her special events are planned. A theme session, highlighted by a keynote luncheon address by the Rt. Honorable Lord Donaldson of Lymington, will feature the Bruer oil spill in the Shetland Islands. IMO and IPIECA are hosting a special evening session summarizing a recent world-wide seminar series t
22、hey have sponsored. There also will be a special evening session dealing with Natural Resource Damage Assessment. Another new feature is the preparation and distribution of three selected topic “white papers,” These reviews will cover major topics of interest and will be formatted to provide detaile
23、d discussions and information on relevant issues. Corresponding panels of experts have been invited to discuss and debate the issues raised in these white papers. API PUBL*4b21i 95 0732290 0555758 03 A sponsors scholarship program has been instituted to support students and other interested parties
24、who might contribute to and participate in the Oil Spill Conference. Most importantly, this Conference provides a place where the worlds experts can meet, visit, and exchange the latest information. As can be seen, many changes have been made to ensure that the Conference continues to improve to mee
25、t the needs of the oil spill community that supports it. In order to continue fulfilling this role, it is most important that attendees provide feedback on the content and quality of this Conference. The sponsors of the 1995 IOSC would like to thank all of the contributors, reviewers, and others who
26、 have made this Proceedings volume possible. I would also like to acknowledge the considerable contribution of time by the various members of sponsoring organizations who have staffed the Steering and Program Committees. They are the heart and soul of the IOSC. Finally, I would like to recognize the
27、 professional contributions of Courtesy Associates, and Trade Associates, who have been responsible for the organization and management of this Conference and the trade show. Their considerable expertise brings order out of chaos on a biennial basis. James P. Ray 1995 INTERNATIONAL OIL SPILL CONFERE
28、NCE COMMITTEES Steering Committee Chairmm James Ray Shell Oil Company Vice Chairman Kurt Jakobson US. Environmental Protection Agency John Cunningham John S. Farlow U.S. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Robert Drew American Petroleum Institute Frank Durante Caltex
29、 Petroleum Corporation Lt. Cdr. Rhae Giacoma U. S. Coast Guard Oleg Khalimonov International Maritime Organization John Lemlin Environmental Conservation Association David Edwards International Petroleum Industry International Maritime Organization Harry Aston BP Shipping, Ltd. David Bedborough Sout
30、hampton Department of Transport Elizabeth S. Bouchard Transportation Institute John Chiada Maryland Department of the Environment Charles Corbett Mercer Management Consulting John Cunningham U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Don Erickson Bay West, Inc. Capt. Thomas Fago Swedish Coast Guard John S
31、. Farlow U.S. Environmental Protection Agency David E. Fritz Amoco Oil Company Lt. Cdr. Rhae Giacoma U.S. Coast Guard Ann Hayward Walker SEA, Inc. Program Committee Cdr. Robert G. Pond (Chairman) US. Coast Guard Charles Huber Mobil Oil Corporation Stephen Jarvela U. S. Environmental Protection Agenc
32、y Capt . Donald Jensen US. Coast Guard Paul Egner, Jr. Shell Oil Company Cdr. Ken Keane U.S. Coast Guard Jennifer A. Kelly The American Waterways Operators Oleg Khalimonov International Maritime Organization Doug Kodama U. S. Environmental Protection Agency John Lemlin IPIECA Dick Lessard Exxon Rese
33、arch and Engineering Co. Steven A. McCall Maritime Overseas Corporation Bob Meyers Robert J. Meyers & Assoc., Inc. Mark Miller National Response Corporation Vice Chairman Capt. Mike Donohoe US. Coast Guard Stephanie R. Meadows American Petroleum Institute Cdr. Robert G. Pond U. S. Coast Guard Howard
34、 Rance International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association John Riley U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Royal Nadeau U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Jan Nerland Norwegian Pollution Control Authority R. C. Oldham Shell International Shipping, Ltd. Oli Pahkala Ministry of
35、the Environment Finland Capt. Klaus Schroh Special Unit for Marine Pollution Control Germ an y Gary Sergy Environment Canada Jean Snider National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Dana Stalcup U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Alexis Steen American Petroleum Institute Gail Thomas U. S. Envir
36、onmental Protection Agency Sidney A. Wallace Dyer, Ellis, Joseph and Mills Mark Weller Texaco, Inc. ix API PUBL*:4621 95 0732270 0555760 461 Public Affairs Committee Kitty Borah (Chairman) Shell Oil Company CWO Jerry Snyder U.S. Coast Guard Susan Hahn American Petroleum Institute Exhibit Chairman Jo
37、hn S. Farlow U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Treasurer Madeleine Sellouk American Petroleum Institute Exhibit Management Richard Greene Trade Associates, Inc. Conference Management Annmane Pittman Sharon Schechtel Menbeth Gunn Courtesy Associates, Inc. Proceedings Editor John O. Ludwigson Scie
38、nce WriterlEditor X API PUBL*Yb21 95 0732290 O555763 3T CONTENTS I-EVOLVING TECHNOLOGIES Session M1A: Remote Sensinechairman: Royal Nadeau Tracking Buoys for Oil Spills . Ron H. Goodman, Debra Simecek-Beatty, Don Hodgins Airborne Detection, Imaging and Telemetry of Oil and Other Spectral Features on
39、 the Ocean Surface Charles P. Giammona, F. Rainer Engelhardt, Kandace S. Binkley O. B. McMahon, E. R. Brown, G. D. Daniels, T. J. Murphy, G. L. Hover Oil Thickness Detection Using Wideband Radiometry. Surveillance Cooperation in the North and Baltic Seas . Advanced Aerial Surveillance System for Det
40、ection of Marine Pollution and International Aerial Capt. Klaus Schroh Session T4C: Mechanical Containment and Recovery-Chairman: Ken Keane Costs Associated with the Cleanup of Marine Oil Spills . Full Scale Oil Containment Boom Testing at Sea . Texas Marsh Burn: Removing Oil from a Salt Marsh Using
41、 In-Situ Burning John Harper, Ann Godon, Alan A. Allen Atle Nordvik, Ken Bitting, Paul Hankins, Larry Hannon, Robert Urban Manuel F. Gonzalez, Gabriel A. Lugo Daniel Fauvre Evaluation and Limits of Protective Boom Plans for High Tidal Range and Strong Current Areas . Session W1C: Spill Simulation-Ch
42、airman: Frank Wood A Multicomponent Oil Spill Model for Dissolved Aromatic Concentrations The Use of Knowledge-Based Software to Identify Shoreline Treatment Options . Henrik Rye Alain Lamarche, Chrystel Black, Anna-Paula Varanda, Edward H. Owens Mark Reed, Deborah French, Henry Rines, Henrik Rye H.
43、 M. Cekirge, M. Koch, C. Long, C. P. Giammona, K. Binkley, R. Engelhardt, R. Jamail A Three-Dimensional Oil and Chemical Spill Model for Environmental Impact Assessment . State-of-the-Art Techniques in Oil Spill Modeling. Session W2C: Geographic Information Systems-Chairman: Harry Aston An Integrate
44、d Program for Sensitive Environment Mapping . Robert Pavia, Jacqueline Michel, Jill Petersen, Lt. Stacy Birk-Risheim Jenifer M. Baker, Mark Spalding, Jon Moore Sensitivity Mapping Worldwide: Harmonization and the Needs of Different User Groups. . Geographic Information System (GIS) for Impact Assess
45、ment, Ecologically Sound Measures, and Documentation of Oil Spills. . Gustav Trling, Jonas Fejes 3 4 4 5 10 11 11 API PUBL*462L 95 0732290 0555762 234 Session W3B: Bioremediation-Chairman: Lisa Parker Oil Spill Bioremediation Agents-Canadian Efficacy Test Protocols The Development of Bioremediation
46、for Oil Spill Cleanup in Coastal Wetlands: Product Impacts and Bioremediation Potential Sandra Blenkinsopp, Gary Sergy, Zhendi Wang, Mervin F. Fingas, Julia Foght, Donald W. S. Westlake Irvin A. Mendelssohn, Qianxin Lin, Karolien Debusschere, Charles B. Henry, Jr., Edward B. Overton, Ralph J. Portie
47、r, Maude M. Walsh, S. Penland, Nancy N. Rabalais R. Varadaraj, M. L. Robbins, J. Bock, S. Pace, D. MacDonald Kenneth Lee, Gilles H. Tremblay, Susan E. Cobanli Dispersion and Biodegradation of Oil Spills on Water . Bioremediation of Oiled Beach Sediments: Assessment of Inorganic and Organic Fertilize
48、rs . Session W4C: in-Situ Burning-Chairman: Alan A. Allen Studies of In-Situ Burning of Emulsions in Norway Chantal C. Gunette, Per Sveum, Cathe M. Bech, Ian A. Bukt Mervin F. Fingas, Greg Halley, Francine Ackerman, Robert Nelson, Martine Bissonnette, Nanci Laroche, Zhendi Wang, Patrick Lambert, Ken
49、 Li, Paula Jokuty, Gary Sergy, Edward J. Tennyson, Joe Mullin, Larry Hannon, Rod Turpin, Phil Campagna, Wayne Halley, John Latour, Roy Galarneau, Bill Ryan, Don V. Aurand, Robert R. Hiltabrand The Newfoundland Offshore Burn Experiment-NOBE. Environmental Impact and Recovery of a High Marsh Pipeline Oil Spill and Burn Site, Upper Copano Bay, Texas . John W. Tunnell, Jr., Beau Hardegree, David W. Hicks Ian A. Buist, Nick Glover, Bruce McKenzie, Richard Ranger Session ThlB: Chemical Countermeasures I-Chairman: Dick Lessard In-Situ Burning of Alaska North Slo
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