1、 STDmAPIiPETRO RP L525-ENGL 1977 0732270 05b7287 AA2 Bulk Oil Testing, Handling, and Storage Guidelines API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1525 FIRST EDITION, JUNE 1997 American Petroleum Institute STC-APIIPETRO RP 1525-ENGL 1797 0732270 05b7288 717 Bulk Oil Testing, Handling, and Storage Guidelines Manufactu
2、ring, Distribution and Marketing Department API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1525 FIRST EDITION, JUNE 1997 American Petroleum Institut e STD-API/PETRO RP 1525-ENGL 1797 0732270 05b7287 b55 SPECIAL NOTES API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic- ular circumsta
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14、Copyright O 1997 American Petroleum Institute STD.API/PETRO RP 1i525-ENGL 1777 0732270 05b7270 377 FOREWORD This standard was developed to guide the management of certain operations in a manner that protects the environment and the safety of workers and the public. This standard is intended for petr
15、oleum terminal and tank facilities associated with the storage and distribu- tion of petroleum lubricants. This standard may be used as a resource and management guide by those responsible for such facilities and by those working on their behalf. This standard is a compilation of industry knowledge,
16、 information, and management practices for all relevant aspects of bulk lubricant handling aggregated into an overview document comprising best practices. It is intended to be consistent with, but is not a substitute for, any applicable local, state, or federal regulations. Some provisions in this s
17、tandard, as indicated by the use of the word shall, are mandatory and have to be followed to meet the intent of this standard. Some provisions are recom- mended, as denoted by the word should, but are not mandatory. These provisions will need to be considered based on site-specific factors. Still ot
18、her provisions are optional, as denoted by the word muy. Typically, these will be given where a range of good options exists. API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; ho
19、wever, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this public
20、ation may conflict. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of the Manufactur- ing, Distribution and Marketing Department, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. iii . STD.API/PETRO RP 1525-ENGL L777 0732270 05b7271 203 m CONTENTS P
21、age 1 SCOPE . i 2 GOVERNMENTAL REQUIREMENTS AND REVIEWS . 1 3 DEFINITIONS . 1 4 FACILITY AND EQUIPMENT STANDARDS 1 4.1 StorageTanks . 1 4.2 Lines. Pumps. Meters. and Hoses . 1 4.3 Product Testing Equipment 2 4.4 Personal Safety Equipment 2 4.5 Training Records 2 SAMPLING AND TESTING . 2 5 6 STORAGE
22、2 6.1 General 2 6.2 Commingling . 2 7 UNLOADING PROCEDURES . 3 7.1 Before Unloading Trucks . 3 7.2 During Unloading 3 7.3 After Unloading 3 8 LOADINGPROCEDURES 3 8.1 General 3 8.2 Before Loading Trucks . 4 8.3 During Loading . . 4 8.4 AfterLoading 4 9 PACKAGING . 4 9.1 General 4 9.2 Drums 5 9.3 Tote
23、s 5 10 RECORDKEEPING 5 APPENDIX A-SAMPLE RECORD KEEPING FORMS . 7 APPENDIXB-SAMPLING . 15 APPENDIX C-ESTING GUIDELINES . 17 APPENDIX D-RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HANDLING AND STORAGE OF LUBRICATING OIL ADDITIVES 19 OF PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS . 25 APPENDIX E-ASTM STANDARD PRACTICE FOR MANUAL SAMPLI
24、NG Tables 1 D- 1 Figures D- 1 Recommended Flushing Volumes for Common Systems 3 Recommendations for Handling and Storage of Lubricating Oil Additives . 20 Typical Tank Car Unloading and Storage System . 23 STD*API/PETRO RP L525-ENGL 1977 0732270 05b7272 LLiT = Bulk Oil Testing, Handling, and Storage
25、 Guidelines 1 Scope The purpose of these guidelines is to provide recom- mended equipment and procedures for the proper handling of incoming and outgoing shipments of lubricants to prevent contamination and spillage, and to protect product quality. The guidelines cover receipt, storage, and shipment
26、 of fin- ished lubricants in bulk, drum, or pail. A log detailing incom- ing and outgoing shipments is recommended. This recommended practice provides general guidance on the proper handling of bulk oil. Application of all or pari of the guidelines should be determined on a case-by-case basis. 2 Gov
27、ernmental Requirements and Reviews Reviews should be conducted periodically to help ensure that the facility meets applicable federal, state, or local requirements. These reviews should include, but are not lim- ited to the following: a. Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) plans, 40 C
28、ode of Federal Regulations (CFR) 112 and other Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requirements. b. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) requirements. c. Tank or vessel inspection records, registration, or files. d. Discharge or remediation permits. e. Air and water permits. f. Oil Pollution
29、Act of 1990 (OPA 90) regulations and con- tingency plans. g. State and local emergency plans. h. 49 Code of Federal Regulations 195-Department of Transportation (DOT) Transportation of Hazardous Liquid by Pipeline regulations. i. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Title III requirem
30、ents. j. United States Coast Guard (USCG) requirements, 33 Code of Federal Regulations 154. k. Local or state Fire Marshall permits. 3 Definitions 3.1 lowing definitions apply: 3.1.1 sequently, are at the discretion of the designer or operator. 3.1.2 ations. 3.1.3 meet this API standard. For the pur
31、poses of this recommended practice, the fol- may: indicates provisions that are optional and, con- must: indicates important legal or safety consider- shall: indicates provisions that are mandatory to 3.1.4 should: indicates provisions that are recommended but not mandatory. Implementation of these
32、provisions will be made based on consideration of the following, as appropri- ate: (a) rislhenefit analysis, (b) company standards, (c) com- pany experience, and (d) company philosophy. 3.1.5 underground tank: a buried container that has a capacity of more than 1 i0 gallons (416 liters) and is used
33、to store petroleum, additives, or other products for later use. 4 Facility and Equipment Standards The following are recommendations for the tankage, lines, and testing equipment, and are intended to complement the general operating guidelines. 4.1 STORAGE TANKS 4.1.1 Tanks may be either above or be
34、low ground. Tanks should meet all federal, state, and local codes and require- ments. Underground tank integrity testing should be done annually, and records of such testing should be maintained. 4.1.2 All tanks should be clearly marked with the product name, as well as any other information require
35、d by federal, state, and local laws. 4.1.3 All tanks, except cone-bottom tanks, should have a water draw-off at the lowest possible point within the tank. 4.1.4 All tanks should be designed to allow for sampling of the contents. A sample obtained through a pump or line is acceptable, provided adequa
36、te flushing procedures are used. 4.1.5 When changing tank service from one product type to another, the tank should be emptied completely and cleaned first. It is not necessary to clean between shipments that have the same grade and performance level. 4.1.6 The facility should be capable of storing
37、line flush- ings. Disposal of line flushings should be in accordance with federal, state, and local laws. 4.1.7 be volumetrically measuredgauged in some manner. 4.1.8 All tanks should be designed so that the temperature of their contents can be monitored. Heating, if required to facilitate handling,
38、 should be carefully controlled to prevent product degradation. Tanks should be designed so that their contents can 4.2 4.2.1 All lines should be clearly identified with the product name near the valve closest to the tank discharge or receiving point. LINES, PUMPS, METERS, AND HOSES 1 STD-APIIPETRO
39、RP 1525-ENGL 1997 m 0732290 05b7273 O8b 2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1525 4.2.2 It is preferred that each product have separate lines, pumps, and meters. 4.2.3 In situations where a totally dedicated system for each product is not feasible, it may be acceptable to use lim- ited common lines and a comm
40、on pump/meter within each of the product groups. Common lines and pumps/meters should not be used for products in different groups (hydraulic oils, motor oils, gear oils, ATF). 4.2.4 Lines should have isolated valves close to the pump (manifold) and should be equipped with appropriate pressure- reli
41、ef controls. 4.2.5 Schedule 40 carbon steel or stainless steel are the pre- ferred materials for ail lines carrying lube oils. Galvanized and PVC pipe are not recommended for lubricants. Most PVC pipe is manufactured for water service and is incompati- ble with hydrocarbons, especially low-viscosity
42、 products and synthetics. 4.2.6 All lines and hoses at bulk loading racks should be designed to drain-dry, andor procedures should provide for line flushing using pigs, inert gas, or air if it is safe to do so. 4.2.7 All scales and meters should be routinely and regu- larly calibrated and should com
43、ply with city, county, state, federal, and other applicable regulations. Records of calibra- tion should be maintained. 4.2.8 Loading and filling lines should contain a strainer of 60-mesh or finer, to protect the pump. Small micron-size screens may be required to meet cleanliness requirements. 4.2.
44、9 To maintain good housekeeping, drip pans should be used where the hoses are coupled. 4.2.10 All hoses used within the facility should be dedi- cated to a specific product group and identified to reflect that service. 4.2.11 A schematic drawing of the bulk plant facilities indicating tank sizes, pr
45、oducts, lines, pumps, and other perti- nent information is recommended. 4.3 PRODUCTTESTING EQUIPMENT For facilities handling bulk lubricants, the following equip- ment should be available to perform basic product tests: a. Clean, dry, and clear glass or plastic bottles that can be used when making v
46、isual comparisons to reference samples for color, water, and contamination. b. A handheld device to measure product viscosity grade. (This is used for viscosity grade identification only. This is not a measure of accurate viscosity.) c. A soldering iron to run crackle tests for water contamina- tion
47、. d. An explosion-proof droplight to inspect 55-gallon drums for internal cleanliness. e. A sample thief to secure representative samples from stor- age tanks or other containers. f. Any additional laboratory equipment that may be neces- sary to complete ASTM tests on products that are blended on si
48、te. 4.4 PERSONAL SAFETY EQUIPMENT Safety equipment is recommended to protect employees. Appropriate safety equipment may include the following: a. Hardhat. b. Protective eyewear. c. Fire extinguisher. d. Solvent-impervious gloves. e. Long-sleeved clothing andor coveralls. f. Safety belts. g. Personn
49、el should follow a written safety program that includes appropriate governmental regulations and recom- mended company safety policies. 4.5 TRAINING RECORDS Records should be maintained to document training pro- vided to employees who handle loading or packaging of lubricants. 5 Sampling and Testing General sampling and testing guidelines are located in Appendixes B and C. 6 Storage 6.1 GENERAL 6.1.1 tanks. 6.1.2 name, and viscosity. 6.1.3 Beginning and ending balances should be recorded. 6.1.4 Tanks should be designed so that samples may be taken. 6.1.5 the contents can be
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