1、Recommended Practice for Ultrasonic Evaluation of Pipe ImperfectionsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5UESECOND EDITION, JUNE 2005ADDENDUM 1, APRIL 2009REAFFIRMED, MAY 2015Recommended Practice for Ultrasonic Evaluation of Pipe ImperfectionsUpstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5UESECOND EDITION, JUNE 2005
2、ADDENDUM 1, APRIL 2009REAFFIRMED, MAY 2015SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic-ular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers
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10、he Director, Business Services.API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineer-ing and operating practices. These standards are not intended to obviate the need for apply-ing sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards should beutili
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15、use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which thispublication may conflict.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to API, Standards department,1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiCONTENTSPage1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . .
16、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44.1 Basis for Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . .44.2 Applicability of Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44.3 Variability of Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 CERTIFICATION OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING PERS
19、ONNEL . . . . . . . . . . .46 PROVE-UP TECHNIQUE DESCRIPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46.1 Amplitude comparison technique (ACT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46.2 Amplitude Distance Differential Technique (ADDT) . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 GENERAL INSPECTION CRITERIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47.1 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47.2 Instrument and Transducer Equipmen
21、t Calibration/Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . .47.3 Reference Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57.4 Transducer, Angle Beam Wedge and Couplant Criteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57.5 Instrument Criteria. . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 STANDARDIZATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68.2 Shear Wave Standardization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68.3 Standardization Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 INSPECTION PROCEDURE
24、S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79.2 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .810 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND DISPOSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .911 RECORDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9APPENDIX A . . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11APPENDIX B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19APPENDIX C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21APPENDIX D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Figures7.4.3.b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68.2.2.a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709vPageA.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11A.2.a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12A.2.b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. 13A.3.a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15A.3.b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15A.3.c . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16A.3.d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16A.3.e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17A.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17B.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19C-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21C-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21C-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22C-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . 22C-5 Skip in Weld Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22C-6 Skip in Parent Metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22D.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24D.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 09vi1Recommended Practice for Ultrasonic Evaluation of Pipe Imperfec
37、tions1Scope1.1 This recommended practice describes procedureswhich may be used to “prove-up“ the depth or size of imper-fections. Included in this practice are the recommended pro-cedures for ultrasonic prove-up inspection of new pipe usingthe Amplitude Comparison Technique and the Amplitude-Distanc
38、e Differential Technique for evaluation of 1) surfacebreaking imperfections in the body of pipe and 2) surfacebreaking and subsurface imperfections in the weld area ofelectric resistance, electric induction or laser welded pipe and3) surface breaking and subsurface imperfections in the weldarea of a
39、rc welded pipe. For the purpose of this document,pipe is defined as including casing, plain-end casing liners,tubing, plain-end drill pipe, line pipe, coiled line pipe, pupjoints, coupling stock, and connector material.1.2 Prove-up inspection is a method to evaluate the radialdepth of imperfections
40、detected by automated inspectionequipment or other nondestructive testing (NDT) tech-nique(s) to determine acceptance criteria compliance with theappropriate API specification.1.3 The recommended prove-up practices establishedwithin this document are intended as a guide, and nothing inthis guide sho
41、uld be interpreted to prohibit the agency orowner from supplementing the guide with other techniques orextending existing techniques.1.4 This RP covers evaluation, a description of inspectionmethods, calibration and standardization procedures, andinspection personnel requirements for prove-up.1.5 Ap
42、pendix A of this document is provided as an over-view to inform the user of the basis for the techniques out-lined in this RP.1.6 Appendix B of this document provides a procedure fordetermining if imperfections are surface breaking and a for-mula for calculating the sound path distance for a circumf
43、er-ential or axial scan of a curved surface and a sample look-uptable.1.7 Appendix C of this document is provided as an over-view to inform the user of the specifics for the evaluation ofwelds with filler metal.1.8 Appendix D of this document provides a procedure forsizing planar non-surface breakin
44、g imperfections from thepipes outside surface.2 References2.1 This recommended practice includes by reference,either in total or in part, the latest editions of the followingAPI and industry standards, unless a specific edition is listed:APIRP 5A5 Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing,and Plain-end
45、 Drill PipeSpec 5CT Casing and Tubing Spec 5D Drill PipeSpec 5L Line PipeRP 5L8 Field Inspection of New Line PipeStd 5T1 Imperfection TerminologyASNT1SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification and Certificationin Nondestructive TestingASTM2E 317 Standard Practice for Evaluating Perfor-mance Characteristics o
46、f UltrasonicPulse-echo Testing Systems Without theUse of Electronic MeasurementInstrumentsE 1065 Standard Guide for Evaluating Character-istics of Ultrasonic Search Units3 DefinitionsThe following terms are used frequently in the nondestruc-tive testing of pipe:3.1 A-scan: A method of data presentat
47、ion utilizing a hor-izontal time-base that indicates distance or time and a verticaldeflection from the base line that indicates amplitude.3.2 active peak memory: The capability of an instru-ment to retain an A-scan presentation while allowing instru-ment controls to be functionally active.3.3 agenc
48、y: An entity contracted to inspect new pipeusing the methods and criteria specified.3.4 Amplitude Comparison Technique (ACT): Anultrasonic prove-up method comparing the reflected signalsfrom a reference indicator of known radial depth and animperfection.3.5 Amplitude Distance Differential Technique(
49、ADDT): An ultrasonic prove-up method comparing both the091American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Inc., 1711 ArlingtonLane, P.O. Box 28518, Columbus, Ohio 43228-0518. 2American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr HarborDrive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428-2959.2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5UEdistance and amplitude at 50% peak amplitude levels from areference indicator of known radial depth and an imperfection.3.6 angle beam: An inspection method in which theangle of incidence or refraction is other than perpendicular tothe surface of the test object being inspected. This
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