API RP 75-2004 Recommended Practice for Development of a Safety and Environmental Management Program for Offshore Operations and Facilities (THIRD EDITION)《开发外大陆架作业及实施的安全及环境管理程序.第3.pdf

1、Recommended Practice for Development of a Safety and Environmental Management Program for Offshore Operations and FacilitiesAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 75THIRD EDITION, MAY 2004REAFFIRMED, APRIL 2013Recommended Practice for Development of a Safety and Environmental Management Program for Offshore Opera

2、tions and FacilitiesUpstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 75THIRD EDITION, MAY 2004REAFFIRMED, APRIL 2013All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without p

3、rior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright 2004 American Petroleum InstituteSPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic-ular circumstances

4、, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers towarn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning healthand safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their ob

5、ligations under local, state, or fed-eral laws.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to par-ticular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer orsupplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.Nothing cont

6、ained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, byimplication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or prod-uct covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be con-strued as insuring anyone against liabilit

7、y for infringement of letters patent.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least everyfive years. Sometimes a one-time extension of up to two years will be added to this reviewcycle. This publication will no longer be in effect five years after its publicatio

8、n date as anoperative API standard or, where an extension has been granted, upon republication. Statusof the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department telephone (202)682-8000. A catalog of API publications, programs and services is published annually andupdated biannually by A

9、PI, and available through Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inv-erness Way East, M/S C303B, Englewood, CO 80112-5776. This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropri-ate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an APIstandar

10、d. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this standard or com-ments and questions concerning the procedures under which this standard was developedshould be directed in writing to the Director of the Standards department, American Petro-leum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washin

11、gton, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission toreproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should be addressed tothe Director, Business Services.API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineer-ing and operating practices. These stan

12、dards are not intended to obviate the need for apply-ing sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards should beutilized. The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way toinhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipme

13、nt or materials in conformance with the markingrequirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicablerequirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such prod-ucts do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.FOREWORDThis re

14、commended practice is under the jurisdiction of the American Petroleum InstituteUpstream Departments Executive Committee on Drilling and Production Operations. It wasthe Minerals Management Servcice (MMS), developed with assistance from the InternationalAssociation of Drilling Contractors (IADC), th

15、e Offshore Operators Committee, and theNational Ocean Industries Association (NOIA). API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made bythe Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, theInstitute makes no representatio

16、n, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publicationand hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resultingfrom its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which thispublication may conflict.Suggested revisions are inv

17、ited and should be submitted to API, Standards Department,1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.iiiCONTENTSPage1 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Purpose and Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Management Program Elements and Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.4 Defi

19、nitions (See Appendix D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.5 Standards, Regulations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

20、2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 Process Design Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 Mechanical and Facilities Design Information . . .

21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 HAZARDS ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.2 Me

22、thodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.3 Initial Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.4 Periodic Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.5 Analysis Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.6 Analysis Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24、 . . . . . 84 MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.2 Change in Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.3 Change in Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.4 Managing the Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26、 . . . 105 OPERATING PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.2 Content of Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . .

27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.3 Periodic Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 SAFE WORK PRACTICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.1 Gene

28、ral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.2 Safe Conduct of Work Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.3 Control of hazardous Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.4 Contractor Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 TRAINING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.1 G

30、eneral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.2 Initial Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.3 Periodic Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.4 Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.5 Contractor Training. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32、 . . . . 158 ASSURANCE OF QUALITY AND MECHANICAL INTEGRITY OF CRITICAL EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.2

33、 Procurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.3 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17vCONTENTSPage8.4 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . .

34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.5 Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.6 Testing and Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 PRE-STARTUP REVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1910 EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND CONT

36、ROL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2110.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2110.2 Emergency Action Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37、 . . 2110.3 Emergency Control Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2110.4 Training and Drills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2111 INVESTIGATION OF INCIDENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2311.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2311.2 Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

39、311.3 Follow-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2312 AUDIT OF SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ELEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2512.1 General

40、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2512.2 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2512.3 Audit Coverage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2512.4 Audit Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2512.5 Audit Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42、. . . . 2512.6 Audit Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2512.7 Audit Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2513 RECORDS AND DOCUMENTATION . . . . . . .

43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2713.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2713.2 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44、 . . 2713.3 Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2713.4 Related Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2713.5 Record and Document Control. . . . . . . . . .

45、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27APPENDIX A CONTRACTOR SELECTION CRITERIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29APPENDIX B INDUSTRY CODES, PRACTICES, AND STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . 31APPENDIX C REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33APPENDIX D DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35APPENDIX E PERFORMANCE MEASURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37vi1Recommended Practice for Development of a Safety and

47、 Environmental Management Program for Offshore Operations and FacilitiesSECTION 1GENERAL1.1 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVE1.1.1 Owners and OperatorsThis recommended practice is intended to assist in devel-opment of a management program designed to promotesafety and environmental protection during the perform

48、anceof offshore oil and gas and sulphur operations. This recom-mended practice addresses the identification and managementof safety hazards and environmental impacts in design, con-struction, start-up, operation, inspection, and maintenance, ofnew, existing, or modified drilling and production facil

49、ities.The objective of this recommended practice is to form thebasis for a Safety and Environmental Management Program(SEMP). By developing a SEMP based on this Recom-mended Practice, owners and operators will formulate policyand objectives concerning significant safety hazards and envi-ronmental impacts over which they can control and can beexpected to have an influence. The SEMP is based on the following hierarchy of programdevelopment:1. Safety and environmental policy2. Planning3. Implementation and operation 4. Verification and corrective action5. Management review6. Continual improve