API RP 752-2009 Management of Hazards Associated with Location of Process Plant Permanent Buildings (Third Edition)《与加工厂永久建筑物位置有关的危害管理.第3版》.pdf

1、Management of Hazards Associated with Location of Process Plant Permanent BuildingsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 752 THIRD EDITION, DECEMBER 2009Management of Hazards Associated with Location of Process Plant Permanent BuildingsDownstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 752 THIRD EDITION, DECEMBER 2009Sp

2、ecial NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warran

3、ty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API

4、nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.Users of this recommended practice (RP) should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientif

5、ic, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and prec

6、autions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or

7、the material safety datasheet.Where applicable, authorities having jurisdiction should be consulted.Work sites and equipment operations may differ. Users are solely responsible for assessing their specific equipment and premises in determining the appropriateness of applying the RP. At all times use

8、rs should employ sound business, scientific, engineering, and judgment safety when using this RP.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no

9、 representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications a

10、re published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of A

11、PI publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API d

12、oes not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherw

13、ise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2009 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThis recommended practice (RP) provides guidance for new and existing building siting evaluation and re

14、ferences documents concerning technical aspects of building siting evaluation including hazard identification, consequence modeling, structural analysis, and risk. Among the hazards that potentially could affect building occupants are explosion, fire, and toxic material releases.This third edition o

15、f API RP 752:2009 supersedes all previous editions, including the technical data provided in those documents. Significant research and development of technology pertinent to building siting evaluations has been performed since the publication of the previous editions of API RP 752. Examples of updat

16、ed technology include prediction of blast damage to buildings, determination of occupant vulnerabilities, and estimates of event frequencies. Prior versions of API RP 752 and the technical data included in them should not be used for building siting evaluations. The second edition of API RP 752:2003

17、 covered all building types both permanent and portable. This third edition of API RP 752:2009 does not cover portable buildings. Portable buildings are now covered by API RP 753:2007. It is recognized, however, that portable buildings specifically designed for significant blast load represent a pot

18、ential area of overlap between API RP 753 and API RP 752. In accordance with 1.3 of this document:“Buildings described in API RP 753, Management of Hazards Associated with Location of Process Plant Portable Buildings, First Edition, June 2007, as portable buildings specifically designed to resist si

19、gnificant blast loads and intended for permanent use in a fixed location are covered in this document (API RP 752). All other portable buildings are covered by API RP 753.”Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufact

20、ure, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in an RP, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to confo

21、rm to the RP.Should: As used in an RP, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the RP. This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is

22、 designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L S

23、treet, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API RPs are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to

24、two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and

25、 should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26、11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Guiding Principles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Relationship with API RP 753, First Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Determination of Buildings Requiring Building Siting Evaluation . . . . . . . . .

29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 Buildings Included in the Building Siting Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 Buildings and Structures Excluded from the Building Siting Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30、 . . . . . . . . . 44.3 Buildings Evaluated on a Case-by-case Basis for Inclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Building Siting Evaluation Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、 . . . 55.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 Assessment Approach and Scenario Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32、. . . . . . . . . . . . 65.3 Building Siting Evaluation Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.4 Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.5 Design of New Buildings or Modifications to Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.6 Personnel Performing Building Siting Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.7 Management of Building Occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.8 Management of Change (MOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Building Siting Evaluation for Explosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.2 Explosions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.3 Determining the VCE Blast Loads on Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.4 Building Analysis and Design Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156.5 Occupant Vulnerability from Explosions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156.6 Blast Evaluation of Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166.7 Siting of New Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166.8 Design of New Buildings, Additions and Structural Modifications to Existing Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Building Siting Evaluation for Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.2 Spacing Table Approach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177.3 Factors Influencing Potential and Type of Fires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177.4 Determining the Fire Effects at Buildings. . . . . . . . . . .

42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187.5 Occupant Vulnerability from Fire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187.6 Concept Selection for Buildings Exposed to Fire . . . .

43、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187.7 Determining if Existing Buildings Require Mitigation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.8 Siting and Design of New Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 Building Siting Evaluation for Toxic Material Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198.2 Determining the Toxic Effects at Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218.3 Occupant Vulnerability from Toxic Material . . . . . .

46、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218.4 Concept Selection for Buildings Exposed to Toxic Material Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218.5 Determining if Existing Buildings Require Mitigation. . . . . . . . . . . .

47、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.6 Siting and Design of New Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22vPageAnnex A (informative) Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

48、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Figures1 Overall Building Siting Evaluation

49、 Flow Chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Building Siting Evaluation for Explosions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Building Siting Evaluation for Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Building Siting Evaluation for Toxic Material Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Tables1 Hierarchy of Mitigation Measures