1、Rules forCertification ofCargo Containers.Rules forCertification ofCargo Containers1998American Bureau of ShippingIncorporated by Act of the Legislature ofthe State of New York 1862Copyright 1998American Bureau of ShippingTwo World Trade Center, 106th FloorNew York, NY 10048 USA.ForewordThe American
2、 Bureau of Shipping, with the aid of industry, published the first edition of these Rules as a Guidein 1968. Since that time, the Rules have reflected changes in the industry brought about by development of stan-dards, international regulations and requests from the intermodal container industry. Th
3、ese changes are evidentby the inclusion of programs for the certification of both corner fittings and container repair facilities in thefourth edition, published in 1983.In this fifth edition, the Bureau will again provide industry with an ever broadening scope of services. In re-sponse to requests,
4、 requirements for the newest program, the Certification of Marine Container Chassis, are in-cluded. Additionally, the International Maritime Organizations requirements concerning cryogenic tank con-tainers are included in Section 9.On 21 May 1985, the ABS Special Committee on Cargo Containers met an
5、d adopted the Rules containedherein.On 6 November 1997, the ABS Special Committee on Cargo Containers met and adopted updates/revisions tothe subject Rules. The intent of the proposed changes to the 1987 edition of the ABS “Rules for Certification ofCargo Containers” was to bring the existing Rules
6、in line with present design practice. The updated proposalsincorporated primarily the latest changes to IACS Unified Requirements and ISO requirements.The effective date of the Rule changes is 13 May 1998 in line with other 1998 ABS Rules.ContentsRules for Certification of Cargo ContainersSECTION1 C
7、onditions of Certification. 12 Design Review. 53 Materials and Fabrication. 74 Quality Assurance.115 Definitions .136 Design Considerations 157 Testing338 Marking379 Tank Containers4310 Thermal Cargo Containers .4911 Container Surveys .5512 Certification of Container Repair Facilities 5713 Certifica
8、tion of Container Refrigeration Machinery.5914 Certification of Carbon Steel Container Corner Castings 6315 Certification of Container Chassis .65AppendicesSection 8 Appendix A Approval plates required for containers certified in accordance with the Interna-tional Convention for Safe Containers (CSC
9、) and the International Convention for the Transportof Containers under Customs Seal (TIR).Section 15 Appendix B Association of American Railroads Container Chassis for TOFC Service StandardSpecification M-943-80.Appendix C International Road Federation Limits of Motor Vehicle Sizes and Weights.Sect
10、ion 1 Appendix D International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC).Conditions of Certification Section 1Certification of Cargo Containers ABS1Section 1 Conditions of Certification1.1 CertificationThe Certification process consists of a) the develop-ment of Rules, Guides, standards and other criteri
11、afor the design and construction of containers, formaterials and equipment, b) the review of design andsurvey during and after construction to verify com-pliance with such Rules, Guides, standards or othercriteria and c) the issuance of certificates when suchcompliance has been verified.The Rules, G
12、uides and standards are developedby Bureau staff and passed upon by committeesmade up of container manufacturers, naval archi-tects, marine engineers, shipbuilders, engine build-ers, steel makers and by other technical, operatingand scientific personnel associated with the world-wide maritime and co
13、ntainer industry. Theoreticalresearch and development, established engineeringdisciplines, as well as satisfactory service experienceare utilized in their development and promulgation.The Bureau and its committees can act only uponsuch theoretical and practical considerations in de-veloping Rules, G
14、uides and standards.1.3 Certificates and ReportsPlan review and surveys during and after construc-tion are conducted by the Bureau to verify to itselfand its committees that a container is in compliancewith the Rules, Guides, standards or other criteria ofthe Bureau and to the satisfaction of the at
15、tendingSurveyor. All reports and certificates are issuedsolely for the use of the Bureau, its committees, itsclients and other authorized entities.1.5 Approval of the PrototypeContainerCertification will be based primarily upon the containermeeting the design considerations in Section 6, the per-for
16、mance tests in Section 7 for all containers, and addi-tional design considerations and tests in Sections 9 and10 for tank containers and thermal containers. When aprototype container meets the requirements of the Rulesand has passed the required tests the Prototype TestCertificate will be issued.1.7
17、 Certification of ProductionCertification of the production units will be basedupon the satisfactory conclusion of container planreview, prototype approval, the production tests re-quired by Section 7, the acceptance of the manufac-turers quality control procedures and the survey ofeach container. A
18、dditional tests are required for tankcontainers and for thermal containers as set forth inSections 9 and 10. The production units, when con-sidered acceptable to the Bureau, will be certifiedand a Container Production Certificate issued.When a container is accepted for general servicea decal, as sho
19、wn in Figure 1.1, signifying that thecontainer is in compliance with the Rules, is to beaffixed to the container. When a container is ac-cepted for special service under 1.17.2, a decal asshown in Figure 1.2 signifying that the containermeets the requirements for its intended service is tobe affixed
20、 to the container.1.9 Optional InspectionWhen requested by an Owner the Bureau may alsoinspect containers in accordance with Owner specifi-cations in addition to the inspection required by theRules for certification.1.11 Representations as to CertificationCertification is a representation by the Bur
21、eau as tothe structural fitness for a particular use or service inaccordance with its Rules, Guides and standards. TheRules of the American Bureau of Shipping are notmeant as a substitute for the independent judgmentof professional designers, naval architects and ma-rine engineers nor as a substitut
22、e for the quality con-trol procedures of shipbuilders, container manufac-turers, steel makers, suppliers, manufacturers andsellers of marine materials, machinery or equipment.The Bureau, being a technical society can only actthrough Surveyors or others who are believed by it tobe skilled and compete
23、nt.The Bureau represents solely to the containermanufacturer, container Owner or client of the Bu-reau that when certifying it will use due diligence inthe development of Rules, Guides and standards andin using normally applied testing standards, proce-dures and techniques as called for by the Rules
24、,Guides, standards and other criteria of the Bureau.The Bureau further represents to the container manu-facturer, container Owner or other client of the Bu-reau that its certificates and reports evidence compli-ance only with one or more of the Rules, Guides,standards or other criteria of the Bureau
25、 in accor-dance with the terms of such certificate or report.Under no circumstances whatsoever are these repre-sentations to be deemed to relate to any third party.1.13 Responsibility and LiabilityNothing contained in any certificate or report is to bedeemed to relieve any designer, builder, Owner,C
26、onditions of Certification Section 1Certification of Cargo Containers ABS2manufacturer, seller, supplier, repairer, operator,other entity or person of any warranty express orimplied. Any certificate or report evidences compli-ance only with one or more of the Rules, Guides,standards, or other criter
27、ia of the American Bureauof Shipping and is issued solely for the use of theBureau, its committees, its clients, or other author-ized entities. Nothing contained in any certificate,report, plan or document review or approval is to bedeemed in any way a representation or statementbeyond those contain
28、ed in the paragraphs entitled,“Representations as to Certification.” The validity,applicability and interpretation of any certificate,report, plan or document review are governed by theRules, Guides, and standards of the American Bu-reau of Shipping who shall remain the sole judgethereof.1.15 Author
29、izationThe Committee of the American Bureau of Shippinghas authorized the Surveyors to the Bureau to carryout the necessary surveys, when requested to do soby the owners or builders of cargo containers, toinsure compliance with the following requirementsand to certify compliance.1.17 Scope1.17.1 Gen
30、eral ServiceThese Rules are intended to apply to new cargocontainers which are:Of a permanent character and accordingly strongenough to remain serviceable for a reasonableperiod after repeated use.Specially designed to facilitate the carriage of goods,by one or more modes of transport, without in-te
31、rmediate reloading.Fitted with devices permitting their ready handling,particularly their transfer from one mode oftransport to another.Containers which do not meet the criteria statedherein will be specially considered.1.17.2 Special ServiceThe Bureau is prepared to consider special modifiedrequire
32、ments applicable to cargo containers where itcan be shown that the special requirements are con-sistent with the intended service conditions. In suchcase a prototype is to meet performance tests basedon intended service.1.19 Containers Not Built UnderSurveillanceIndividual existing containers, or sa
33、mple units froman existing container series, which have not beenbuilt to the requirements of these Rules, but whichare submitted for certification, are to be subjected totesting in accordance with the requirements of theseRules. Where found satisfactory, they will be certi-fied accordingly.1.21 Appr
34、oval of Modified ContainersThe owner of a container which has been approvedin accordance with the requirements of the CSC andhas been modified in a manner resulting in structuralchanges is to notify the Bureau of those changes. TheBureau may require retesting of the modified con-tainer as appropriat
35、e prior to recertification.1.23 Loading, Handling, and SecuringThese Rules are published on the understanding thatresponsibility for securing containers, for control ofstacking loads, and for reasonable handling andloading, as well as for avoidance of distributions ofweight which are likely to set u
36、p abnormally severestresses in containers, does not rest upon the Com-mittee, or the Bureau.1.25 Governmental and RegulatoryAgency RequirementsWhen authorized by an Administration signatory tointernational conventions, and upon request, the cer-tification procedure may be extended and containerssurv
37、eyed for compliance with the provisions of theconventions, and certified thereto in the manner pre-scribed.The International Convention for Safe Contain-ers (CSC) is an international agreement to whichABS is authorized to certify containers. As an assistto the reader, the convention is reproduced in
38、 Ap-pendix F.1.27 Disagreement and InterpretationDisagreement regarding the interpretation of theRules, is to be referred to the Bureau for resolution. Incase of disagreement between the Owners or buildersand the Surveyors to the Bureau regarding the mate-rial, workmanship, extent of repairs, or app
39、lication ofthese Rules relating to any container certified or pro-posed to be certified by this Bureau, an appeal may bemade in writing to the Committee, who will order aspecial survey to be held. Should the opinion of theSurveyor be confirmed, the expense of this specialsurvey is to be paid by the
40、party appealing.Conditions of Certification Section 1Certification of Cargo Containers ABS31.29 Effective Date of Rule ChangeChanges to these Rules are to become effective sixmonths from the date on which the Committee ap-proves them. However, the Bureau may bring intoforce individual changes before
41、 that date if necessaryor appropriate.FIGURE 1.1 EmblemGeneral ServiceThis is a representation of the blue emblem that willbe affixed to each Bureau-approved cargo containerthat meets the criteria of these Rules.FIGURE 1.2 EmblemSpecial ServiceThis is a representation of the blue emblem that willbe
42、affixed to each Bureau-approved cargo containerthat meets the requirements of its intended service.Conditions of Certification Section 1Certification of Cargo Containers ABS4.Design Review Section 2Certification of Cargo Containers ABS5Section 2 Design Review2.1 Application for CertificationThe appl
43、ication for the certification of containers isto include a statement that the containers will bebuilt in conformance to these Rules; that they will bemanufactured under a quality control program ac-ceptable to the Bureau; that they will be available forinspection during manufacture and testing and t
44、hatthey will be tested in accordance with prescribedprocedures. The application is also to affirm thatchanges in design, materials, or fabrication methodswill not be made without written approval.Each application is to be accompanied by plansand data of the container to be certified. The plansare to
45、 delineate the arrangements and structural de-tails of the containers as they are to be built. In addi-tion to the plans a test agenda is to be submittedwhich details the actual load values and identifies theload medium to be used during the testing of theprototype.2.3 New Design SeriesFor the appli
46、cation of each design series to be certi-fied, plans and data including at least the followingare to be submitted:ABS Application formone copy*ABS Container data formone copy*ABS Data Form Supplement for Thermal Containersif applicableone copy*ABS Data Form Supplement for Tank Containers ifapplicabl
47、eone copy*ABS Material identification formfour copies*Following drawingsfour copies each:General arrangementSub-assembliesDetail of componentsMarkings, including data platesPrototype test agendaone copyQuality control proceduresone-time requirementfor each manufacturing facility.*To assist clients i
48、n providing the information necessary for thecertification of the container the Bureau has printed applicationforms, available upon request.2.5 Approved Design SeriesFor the application of additional units to be certifiedto an approved design series, the submittal is to in-clude at least the followi
49、ng:ABS Container Data formone copy*ABS Data Form Supplement for Thermal Containersif applicableone copy*ABS Data Form Supplement for Tank Containers ifapplicableone copy*Marking drawingif owner has changedfourcopies2.7 ChangesWhen changes are being made to an application or toan approved design series, the submittal is to includeat least the following:ABS Container Data formone copy*ABS Data Form Supplement for Thermal Containersif applicableone copy*ABS Data Form Supplement for Tank Containers ifapplicableone copy*ABS Material Identification formone c
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