ABS 181-2016 GUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS.pdf

1、 Guide for Propulsion and Auxiliary Systems for Gas Fueled Ships GUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS MARCH 2016 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 Copyright 2016 American Bureau of Shipping ABS Plaza 16855 Northcha

2、se Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA Foreword Foreword (1 March 2016) For over ten years, medium speed dual fuel diesel engines have been chosen to power LNG carriers in preference to the traditional steam turbine powered propulsion plant arrangements. Recent trends have seen this move towards DF diesel e

3、ngines expand to include slow speed diesel engines, notably utilizing high pressure fuel gas supply systems. This has improved operational efficiency and reduced engine room space requirements. Furthermore dual fuel and single fuel engines have been successfully installed and operated in a number of

4、 offshore support vessel and ferry applications. It is envisaged that the effect of increasingly stricter air emissions legislation implemented through IMO Annex VI and other local air quality controls, together with favorable financial conditions for the use of natural gas instead of liquid fuel oi

5、l as a bunker fuel, will see an increasing number of dual fuel diesel engine and single gas fuel engine applications to LNG carriers and other vessel types in the future. In some cases, dependent on the bunker fuel storage configuration and the selected propulsion and power generation arrangement, t

6、here may be a need to also install a gas combustion unit or alternative system to manage excess boil-off gas. Accordingly, this Guide has been developed in order to provide guidance for the design and construction of the aforementioned propulsion prime mover arrangements, auxiliary power generation

7、arrangements and associated systems for gas fueled ships and may be applied to all types of vessel, other than those covered by the IMO IGC Code, that utilize natural gas as fuel. For LNG carrier requirements see the ABS Guide for Propulsion Systems for LNG Carriers. The requirements in this Guide h

8、ave been developed in consideration of IMO Resolution MSC.285(86) Interim Guidelines on Safety for Natural Gas-Fuelled Engine Installations in Ships which was adopted 1 June 2009 and the IMO International Code of Safety for Ships Using Gases or Other Low Flashpoint Fuels (IGF Code), which was adopte

9、d at IMO MSC 95 held 3-12 June 2015. The IGF Code will come into effect on 1 January 2017. Where the requirements of the Guide are proposed to be used to comply with IMO Resolution MSC.285(86), or the IMO IGF Code, such application is subject to approval by the flag Administration prior to issuance

10、of relevant statutory certificates on behalf of the flag Administration by ABS. The applicable edition of the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels is to be used in association with this Guide. This Guide becomes effective on the first day of the month of publication. Users are advised t

11、o check periodically on the ABS website www.eagle.org to verify that this version of this Guide is the most current. We welcome your feedback. Comments or suggestions can be sent electronically to rsdeagle.org. ii ABSGUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS .2016 Table of Cont

12、ents GUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS CONTENTS SECTION 1 General 1 1 Scope and Application 1 2 Objectives . 1 3 Definitions . 2 3.1 Block and Bleed Valve 2 3.2 BOG Utilization System . 2 3.3 Certified Safe Type 2 3.4 CNG 2 3.5 Control Station . 2 3.6 Dual Fuel Diesel E

13、ngine 2 3.7 Dual Fuel Propulsion or Auxiliary Gas Turbine 2 3.8 Enclosed Space 2 3.9 Fuel Containment System . 3 3.10 Gas Combustion Unit (or Thermal Oxidizer) 3 3.11 Hazardous Area 3 3.12 Non-Hazardous Area . 3 3.13 High Pressure Piping . 3 3.14 IGC Code 3 3.15 LEL 3 3.16 LNG . 4 3.17 Main Tank Val

14、ve 4 3.18 MARVS 4 3.19 Master Gas Valve 4 3.20 Natural Gas . 4 3.21 Normal Boil-off Gas Rate (NBOR) . 4 3.22 Primary Barrier 4 3.23 Recognized Standard 4 3.24 Re-Liquefaction Unit 4 3.25 Rules . 4 3.26 Secondary Barrier . 4 3.27 Single Gas Fuel Engine . 4 4 Classification Notations . 5 4.1 Gas Fuele

15、d Ship 5 4.2 Re-Liquefaction Unit 5 4.3 Gas Combustion Unit 5 ABSGUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS .2016 iii 4.4 Dual Fuel Diesel Engine Power Plant 5 4.5 Single Gas Fuel Engine Power Plant . 5 4.6 Dual Fuel Gas Turbine Power Plant 5 5 Materials of Construction 5 6 Oper

16、ating and Maintenance Instruction Manuals . 5 7 Alternatives . 6 8 Certification . 6 SECTION 2 Ship Arrangements and System Design 7 1 General . 7 1.1 Application . 7 1.2 Plans and Data to be Submitted 7 1.3 Ship Safety Concept 7 2 Location and Separation of Spaces 7 2.1 General 7 2.2 Gas Storage Ta

17、nks 7 2.3 Access in way of Gas Storage Tanks 12 2.4 Fuel Bunkering Station 12 2.5 Gas Compressor and Fuel Preparation Rooms . 13 2.6 Machinery Spaces Containing Gas Utilization Units 13 3 Arrangement of Entrances and Other Openings 14 3.1 General 14 3.2 Gas Compressor and Fuel Preparation Rooms . 14

18、 3.3 Gas Storage Tanks and Fuel Containment Systems . 14 4 Gas Pipe Design and Arrangements 14 4.1 General 14 4.2 High Pressure Gas Piping . 15 4.3 Distribution Outside of Machinery Spaces . 15 5 System Configuration 16 5.1 General 16 5.2 Alternative System Configurations . 16 5.3 Double Wall Fuel G

19、as Piping Concept . 16 5.4 Single Wall Fuel Gas Piping Concept 16 6 Gas Utilization . 17 6.1 Utilization or Management of Boil-off Gas . 17 6.2 Supply of Fuel Gas and BOG to Utilization Units . 17 7 Ventilation Systems General 18 8 Electrical Systems . 19 8.1 General 19 8.2 Area Classification . 19

20、8.3 Hazardous Area Zones 19 9 Gas Detection Systems 20 9.1 General 20 10 Inert Gas System 21 10.1 General 21 10.2 Inert Gas Production on Board 22 iv ABSGUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS .2016 SECTION 3 Gas Fuel Storage 23 1 General . 23 1.1 Plans and Data to be Submitt

21、ed 23 2 Storage Tank Operation 24 3 LNG Storage Tanks 24 3.1 Portable LNG Storage Tanks 25 4 CNG Storage Tanks 26 5 Gas Storage Tank Monitoring . 26 6 Gas Fuel Storage Room and Tank Connection Space 27 6.1 General 27 6.2 Ventilation 27 6.3 Gas Detection 27 6.4 Fire Detection 27 6.5 Alternative Arran

22、gements 27 6.6 Type C Independent Tank Hold Spaces 27 7 Fire Extinguishing Systems. 28 7.1 General 28 7.2 Fire Main . 28 7.3 Water Spray Systems 28 8 Surveys during Construction . 28 8.1 General 28 8.2 Surveys at Manufacturers Facility . 29 8.3 Surveys During Installation 29 8.4 Surveys During Trial

23、s 30 TABLE 1 Monitoring and Safety System Functions for Gas Fuel Storage Tanks and Gas Fuel Storage Rooms 30 TABLE 2 Certification of Gas Fuel Storage Tanks and Gas Fuel Storage Rooms . 31 SECTION 4 Fuel Gas Bunkering System 32 1 General . 32 2 Plans and Data to be Submitted . 32 3 Fuel Gas Bunkerin

24、g Operation . 33 4 Fuel Gas Bunkering Station 33 5 Fuel Gas Bunkering System . 33 5.1 General 33 5.2 Fuel Gas Bunkering Manifolds 33 5.3 Fuel Gas Bunker Piping. 34 5.4 Emergency Shutdown System 34 6 Control and Monitoring 35 7 Ventilation System 35 8 Gas Detection . 35 9 Fire Detection and Extinguis

25、hing Systems . 36 10 Surveys During Construction 36 10.1 General 36 ABSGUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS .2016 v 10.2 Surveys at Manufacturers Facility . 36 10.3 Surveys During Installation 37 10.4 Surveys During Trials 37 TABLE 1 Monitoring and Safety System Functions

26、for Fuel Bunkering Systems 37 TABLE 2 Certification of Fuel Bunkering Systems . 38 SECTION 5 Fuel Gas Supply System 39 1 General . 39 1.1 Warning Notices 39 1.2 Plans and Data to be Submitted 39 2 Fuel Gas Supply System Operation . 40 3 Gas Supply Systems in Machinery Spaces 40 3.1 General 40 3.2 Ga

27、s Supply System for Double Wall Fuel Gas Piping Concept . 41 3.3 Gas Supply System for Single Wall Fuel Gas Piping Concept 42 4 Gas Distribution Outside of Machinery Spaces 42 5 Fuel Gas Preparation Equipment . 43 5.1 General 43 5.2 Vaporizers/Heaters/Pressure Vessels . 43 5.3 LNG Pumps . 43 5.4 Fue

28、l Gas Compressors 44 5.5 Ancillary Systems 44 6 Instrumentation and Safety Systems 44 6.1 General 44 6.2 Control and Monitoring System . 44 6.3 Safety Shutdown System . 45 7 Ventilation System 45 8 Gas Detection . 45 9 Fire Protection and Fire Extinguishing System . 45 10 Surveys During Construction

29、 46 10.1 General 46 10.2 Surveys at Manufacturers Facility . 46 10.3 Surveys During Installation 46 10.4 Surveys During Trials 47 TABLE 1 Instrumentation and Alarms in Centralized Control Stations for the Fuel Gas Supply System . 47 TABLE 2 Monitoring and Safety System Functions for Fuel Gas Supply

30、Systems 48 TABLE 3 Certification of Fuel Gas Supply Systems 50 TABLE 4 Certification Guidance for Fuel Gas Supply System Components 51 vi ABSGUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS .2016 SECTION 6 Re-liquefaction Unit . 52 1 General . 52 1.1 Capacity 52 1.2 LNG Return to Bunk

31、er Tanks 52 1.3 Plans and Data to be Submitted 52 2 Vapor (BOG)/LNG Circuit . 53 2.1 BOG Compressors 53 2.2 LNG Pumps . 53 2.3 Separation of Impurities. 53 3 Refrigeration System 53 3.1 General 53 3.2 Refrigerants . 53 3.3 Compressors/Expanders . 54 3.4 Cryogenic Heat Exchangers and Cold Box . 54 4

32、Instrumentation and Safety Systems 55 4.1 General 55 4.2 Control and Monitoring System . 55 4.3 Safety Shutdown System 55 5 Electrical System 56 5.1 Motor Controllers . 56 6 Location and Installation . 56 7 Oxygen and Toxicity Gas Detection System 56 8 Ancillary Systems 56 9 Fire Extinguishing Syste

33、ms. 56 10 Surveys during Construction . 56 10.1 General 56 10.2 Surveys at Manufacturers Facility . 56 10.3 Surveys During Installation 57 10.4 Surveys During Trials 57 TABLE 1 Instrumentation and Alarms in Centralized Control Stations for the Re-liquefaction Unit . 58 TABLE 2 Certification of Re-Li

34、quefaction Units . 59 SECTION 7 Gas Combustion Units/Thermal Oxidizers . 60 1 General . 60 1.1 Capacity 60 1.2 Plans and Data to be Submitted 60 2 Vapor (BOG) Circuit 61 2.1 Compressors . 61 2.2 Heaters 61 2.3 Gas Fuel Supply to GCU . 61 3 Gas Burner Unit and Burner Management System 62 4 Oil Pilot

35、Burner/Electrical Ignition System 62 5 Forced Draft Fans and Dilution Fans 62 6 Combustion Chamber and Associated Refractory . 63 ABSGUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS .2016 vii 7 Exhaust Gas Piping 63 8 Ventilation . 63 9 Gas Detection . 64 10 Automatic Shutdown System

36、64 11 Fire Extinguishing System 64 12 Surveys During Construction 64 12.1 General 64 12.2 Surveys at Manufacturers Facility . 64 12.3 Surveys During Installation 65 12.4 Surveys During Trials 65 TABLE 1 Instrumentation and Alarms in Centralized Control Stations for the GCU . 66 TABLE 2 Certification

37、 of Gas Combustion Units 66 SECTION 8 Dual Fuel Diesel and Single Gas Fuel Engines 67 1 General . 67 1.1 Condition . 67 1.2 Application . 67 1.3 Plans and Data to be Submitted 67 2 Dual Fuel Diesel and Single Gas Fuel Engines 68 2.1 General 68 2.2 Gas Fuel and Air Supply 69 2.3 Protection of Crankca

38、se 69 2.4 Protection against Explosion . 70 2.5 Engine Exhaust System . 70 2.6 Auxiliary System Venting . 71 2.7 Control and Monitoring Systems 71 2.8 Dual Fuel Diesel Engines 71 2.9 Single Gas Fuel Engines . 72 2.10 Pre-Mixed Gas Fuel Engines . 72 3 Emergency Shutdown . 73 3.1 Automatic Shut Off of

39、 Gas Fuel Supply . 73 3.2 Power Management . 73 4 Surveys During Construction 73 4.1 General 73 4.2 Surveys at Manufacturers Facility . 73 4.3 Surveys During Installation 74 4.4 Surveys During Trials 74 TABLE 1 Monitoring and Safety System Functions for Dual Fuel Diesel and Single Gas Fuel Engines 7

40、4 TABLE 2 Certification of Dual Fuel Diesel and Single Gas Fuel Engines . 75 viii ABSGUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS .2016 SECTION 9 Dual Fuel Gas Turbine Propulsion System 76 1 General . 76 1.1 Application . 76 2 Arrangement of Dual Fuel Gas Turbines 76 2.1 General 7

41、6 3 Plans and Data to be Submitted . 77 4 Materials of Construction 77 5 Dual Fuel Propulsion Gas Turbines 78 5.1 General 78 5.2 Gas Fuel Manifold . 78 5.3 Gas Fuel Control Valves 78 6 Gas Turbine Enclosure . 78 6.1 General 78 6.2 Construction 79 6.3 Enclosure Air Intakes and Exhaust System . 80 6.4

42、 Gas Turbine Enclosure Ventilation 83 6.5 Gas Detection 84 6.6 Fire Protection and Fire Extinguishing System 84 7 Piping and Auxiliary Systems . 85 7.1 General 85 7.2 Gas Fuel Supply Piping System to Gas Turbine . 85 7.3 Block and Bleed Valve Arrangement . 85 7.4 Gas Shut-off Valve 85 7.5 Gas Compre

43、ssor . 86 7.6 Pressure Vessels, Heat Exchangers and Coolers . 86 7.7 Exhaust Gas Boilers 86 7.8 In-duct Burner 86 8 Electrical, Automation, Instrumentation and Control Systems 86 8.1 General 86 8.2 Electrical Equipment 86 8.3 Alarm and Shutdown System 86 9 Surveys During Construction 87 9.1 General

44、87 9.2 Surveys at Manufacturers Facility . 87 9.3 Surveys During Installation 87 9.4 Surveys During Trials 88 TABLE 1 Monitoring and Safety System Functions for Dual Fuel Gas Turbine Engines and Supply Systems 88 TABLE 2 Certification of Dual Fuel Gas Turbines 89 APPENDIX 1 Certification of Pressure

45、 Vessels . 90 TABLE 1 Certification of Pressure Vessels 90 ABSGUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS .2016 ix APPENDIX 2 Arrangement of Engine Compartments with Single Wall Fuel Gas Piping 91 1 General . 91 2 Ventilation . 91 2.1 Capacity . 91 2.2 Ducting 91 2.3 System Requi

46、rements . 91 3 Gas Detection . 91 4 Electrical Equipment . 92 5 Access and Means of Escape. 92 6 Fire Protection and Fire Extinguishing System . 92 7 Explosion Protection . 92 x ABSGUIDE FOR PROPULSION AND AUXILIARY SYSTEMS FOR GAS FUELED SHIPS .2016 Section 1: General SECTION 1 General 1 Scope and

47、Application (1 March 2016) This Guide has been developed to provide guidance for the design, construction, and survey of vessels utilizing gas as a fuel. The Guide is focused on systems and arrangements provided for the safe use of gas for propulsion and auxiliary systems. The Guide is for applicati

48、on to gas fueled ship types other than those falling under the scope of the IGC Code and associated ABS requirements for Vessels Intended to Carry Liquefied Gases in Bulk under Part 5C, Chapter 8 of the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels (Steel Vessel Rules). The prime movers may use

49、either a single fuel (gas) or dual fuel (gas and fuel oil) and the gas may be stored and distributed as Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). The use of other fuel types will be subject to special consideration. The use of natural gas as fuel in ships other than LNG carriers is not covered by international conventions. However, the installations will still be subject to approval by the Flag Administrations. The Interim Guidelines on Safety for Natural Gas-Fuelled Engine Installations in Ships (hereinafter referred to as Interim Guidelines) were adopted by I