ACI 369R-2011 Guide for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Concrete Frame Buildings and Commentary.pdf

1、ACI 369R-11Reported by ACI Committee 369Guide for Seismic Rehabilitation ofExisting Concrete Frame Buildingsand CommentaryGuide for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Concrete Frame Buildingsand CommentaryFirst PrintingFebruary 2011ISBN 978-0-87031-419-3American Concrete InstituteAdvancing concrete

2、knowledgeCopyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This materialmay not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or otherdistribution and storage media, without the written consent of ACI.The technical com

3、mittees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoid ambiguities,omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACI documents occasionallyfind information or requirements that may be subject to more than one interpretation or may beincomplete

4、 or incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement of ACI documents arerequested to contact ACI. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata atwww.concrete.org/committees/errata.asp for the most up-to-date revisions.ACI committee documents are intended for the us

5、e of individuals who are competent to evaluate thesignificance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for theapplication of the material it contains. Individuals who use this publication in any way assume all risk andaccept total responsibility for the

6、application and use of this information.All information in this publication is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied,including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose ornon-infringement.ACI and its members dis

7、claim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental,or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may resultfrom the use of this publication.It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish health and s

8、afety practices appropriate tothe specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard tohealth and safety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine the applicability of allregulatory limitations before applying the document and must comp

9、ly with all applicable laws and regulations,including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) healthand safety standards.Order information: ACI documents are available in print, by download, on CD-ROM, through electronicsubscription, or reprint and may

10、be obtained by contacting ACI.Most ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual ofConcrete Practice (MCP).American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331U.S.A.Phone: 248-848-3700Fax: 248-848-3701www.concrete.orgACI 369R-11

11、 was adopted and published February 2011.Copyright 2011, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by anymeans, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic ormechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recor

12、ding for sound or visual reproduc-tion or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission inwriting is obtained from the copyright proprietors.1ACI Committee Reports, Guides, Manuals, and Commentariesare intended for guidance in planning, designing, executing,and inspecting

13、 construction. This document is intended for theuse of individuals who are competent to evaluate thesignificance and limitations of its content and recommendationsand who will accept responsibility for the application of thematerial it contains. The American Concrete Institute disclaimsany and all r

14、esponsibility for the stated principles. The Instituteshall not be liable for any loss or damage arising therefrom.Reference to this document shall not be made in contractdocuments. If items found in this document are desired by theArchitect/Engineer to be a part of the contract documents, theyshall

15、 be restated in mandatory language for incorporation bythe Architect/Engineer.Guide for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Concrete Frame Buildings and CommentaryReported by ACI Committee 369ACI 369R-11This guide, which was developed based on the format and content ofASCE/SEI 41-06, Chapter 6.0, “Co

16、ncrete,” describes methods for esti-mating the seismic performance of both existing and new concrete compo-nents in an existing building. The guide is intended to be used with theanalysis procedures and Rehabilitation Objectives established inASCE/SEI 41-06 for the Systematic Rehabilitation Method.

17、The guideprovides recommendations for modeling parameters and acceptancecriteria for linear and nonlinear analysis of beams, columns, joints, andslab-column connections of concrete buildings and the procedures forobtaining material properties necessary for seismic rehabilitation design.Keywords: acc

18、eptance criteria; ASCE/SEI 41; beams; columns; frames;joints; modeling parameters; retrofit; seismic rehabilitation; slab-columnconnections.CONTENTSChapter 1Introduction and scope, p. 21.1Introduction1.2ScopeChapter 2Material properties and condition assessment, p. 32.1General2.2Properties of in-pla

19、ce materials and components2.3Condition assessment2.4Knowledge factorChapter 3General assumptions and requirements, p. 93.1Modeling and design3.2Strength and deformability3.3Flexure and axial loads3.4Shear and torsion3.5Development and splices of reinforcement3.6Connections to existing concrete3.7Re

20、habilitation: general requirementsChapter 4Concrete moment frames, p. 144.1Types of concrete moment frames4.2Reinforced concrete beam-column moment frames4.3Post-tensioned concrete beam-column moment frames4.4Slab-column moment framesChapter 5Notation, definitions, and acronyms,p. 305.1Notation5.2De

21、finitions5.3AcronymsChapter 6References, p. 336.1Referenced standards and reports6.2Cited referencesSergio M. Alcocer Shyh-Jiann Hwang Laura N. Lowes*Mario E. RodriguezJeffrey J. Dragovich*Mohammad Iqbal Kenneth A. Luttrell Murat SaatciogluMohammad R. Ehsani Jos Izquierdo-Encarnacin Adolfo B. Matamo

22、ros Halil Sezen*Sigmund A. Freeman Afshar Jalalian Andrew D. Mitchell Roberto StarkWassim M. Ghannoum*Thomas H.-K. Kang Jack P. Moehle Michael T. ValleyZareh B. Gregorian Dominic J. Kelly Mark A. Moore Jacqueline VinklerCharles J. Hookham Andres Lepage Jose A. Pincheira John W. Wallace*Task Group le

23、aders.Kenneth J. ElwoodChairSergio F. Brea*Secretary2 GUIDE FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION OF EXISTING CONCRETE FRAME BUILDINGS AND COMMENTARY (ACI 369R-11)American Concrete Institute Copyrighted Materialwww.concrete.orgCHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE1.1IntroductionEarthquake reconnaissance has clearly

24、demonstrated thatexisting concrete frame buildings designed before the intro-duction of modern seismic codes are more vulnerable tosevere damage or collapse when subjected to strong groundmotion. Seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings wherenew components are added or existing components aremod

25、ified or retrofitted with new materials, or both, can beused to mitigate the risk to damage in future earthquakes.Seismic rehabilitation is encouraged not only to reduce therisk of damage and injury in future earthquakes, but also toextend the life of existing buildings and reduce using newmaterials

26、 in the promotion of sustainability objectives.1.2ScopeThis guide describes methods for estimating the seismicperformance of concrete components in an existing building.The guide is intended to be used with the analysis proceduresand Rehabilitation Objectives (ROs) established inASCE/SEI 41-06 for t

27、he Systematic Rehabilitation Method.The methods described apply to existing concrete componentsof a building system, rehabilitated concrete components of abuilding system, and new concrete components added to anexisting building system. Provisions of this guide do notapply to concrete-encased steel

28、composite components.Chapter 2 recommends data collection procedures forobtaining material properties and performing conditionassessments. Chapter 3 provides general analysis and designrequirements for concrete components. Chapter 4 providesmodeling procedures, component strengths, acceptancecriteri

29、a, and rehabilitation measures for cast-in-placeconcrete moment frames.C1.2ScopeThis guide has been developed to provide a document thatcan be easily updated to reflect results from ongoingresearch on the seismic performance of existing concretebuildings. ACI 369R closely follows the format of Chapt

30、er 6,“Concrete” of ASCE/SEI 41-06, to make it readily acces-sible to engineers and to facilitate updates. Although thecontent in this version is similar to Chapter 6 of ASCE/SEI41-06, this will change with timely updates specific toongoing research. The intent is to provide a continuouslyupdated res

31、ource document for future modifications toChapter 6 of ASCE/SEI 41-06, similar to how the NationalEarthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP)Recommended Provisions produced by the Federal Emer-gency Management Agency (FEMA) (FEMA 450) haveserved as source documents for the International BuildingCod

32、e (IBC) and its predecessor building codes.The goal of developing a guide rather than a standard isto focus the updating effort on improving technical contentover development of codified language. New researchresults reviewed by the committee can now be implementedmore quickly, accelerating communic

33、ation betweenresearchers and engineers while providing design profes-sionals with the latest recommendations for the seismicassessment and rehabilitation of concrete buildings. For thisversion of the guide, most sections are similar to Chapter 6 ofASCE/SEI 41 Supplement 1 (ASCE/SEI Ad Hoc Committee2

34、007). The most recent version, however, does not providemodeling procedures, acceptance criteria, and rehabilitationmeasures for precast concrete frames, infill frames, bracedframes, shear walls, diaphragms, and foundations. Futureversions will provide provision updates for concrete momentframes and

35、 will add provisions for concrete components andsystems omitted in the present version of the guide.This guide should be used in conjunction with Chapters 1through 4 of ASCE/SEI 41-06. Chapter 1 of ASCE/SEI 41-06provides rehabilitation requirements, including descriptionof ROs, Building Performance

36、Levels, and seismic hazard.Chapter 2 of ASCE/SEI 41-06 provides general designrequirements, including determination of as-built information,limitations for linear and nonlinear analysis procedures,definition of force- and deformation-controlled actions,procedures for construction quality assurance,

37、and methodsfor determining alternative modeling parameters andacceptance criteria. Chapter 3 of ASCE/SEI 41-06 providesa detailed description of all linear and nonlinear analysisprocedures referenced in ACI 369R. Chapter 4 of ASCE/SEI41-06 provides geotechnical engineering provisions forbuilding fou

38、ndations and assessment of seismic-geologicsite hazards. References to these chapters can be foundthroughout the guide. This guide provides short descriptionsof potential seismic rehabilitation measures for eachconcrete building system. The design professional, however,is referred to the FEMA report

39、, FEMA 547, for detailedinformation on seismic rehabilitation measures for concretebuildings. Repair techniques for earthquake-damaged concretecomponents are not included in ACI 369R. The designprofessional is referred to FEMA 306, FEMA 307, andFEMA 308 for information on evaluation and repair ofdam

40、aged concrete wall components.Concrete-encased steel composite components frequentlybehave as over-reinforced sections. This type of componentbehavior was not represented in the data sets used todevelop the force-deformation modeling relationships andacceptance criteria in this guide. Concrete encas

41、ement isoften provided for fire protection rather than for strengthor stiffness, and typically lacks transverse reinforcement.In some cases, the transverse reinforcement does not meetdetailing requirements in the American National StandardsInstitute (ANSI)/American Institute of Steel Construction(AI

42、SC) Code (ANSI/AISC 360). Lack of adequate confinementmay result in expansion of the core concrete, which exacerbatebond slip and, consequently, undermines the fundamentalprinciple that plane sections remain plane.Testing and analysis used to determine acceptancecriteria for concrete-encased steel c

43、omposite componentsshould include the effect of bond slip between steel andconcrete, confinement ratio, confinement reinforcementdetailing, kinematics, and appropriate strain limits.GUIDE FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION OF EXISTING CONCRETE FRAME BUILDINGS AND COMMENTARY (ACI 369R-11) 3American Concrete

44、Institute Copyrighted Materialwww.concrete.orgCHAPTER 2MATERIAL PROPERTIESAND CONDITION ASSESSMENT2.1GeneralMechanical properties of materials should be obtained fromavailable drawings, specifications, and other documents forthe existing building. Where these documents fail to provideadequate inform

45、ation to quantify material properties, suchinformation should be supplemented by materials testingbased on recommendations of Chapter 2. The condition of theconcrete components of the structure should be determinedusing the recommendations of Chapter 2. Section 2.2 ofASCE/SEI 41-06 provides further

46、guidance on the assessmentof as-built information for existing building structures.Material properties of existing concrete componentsshould be determined in accordance with Section 2.2. Theuse of default material properties based on historicalinformation is permitted in accordance with Section 2.2.

47、5.Condition assessment procedures are described in Section 2.3.Definition of a knowledge factor, based on whether materialstesting and condition assessment follow the “usual” or“comprehensive” procedures described in Sections 2.2 and2.3, is presented in Section 2.4.C2.1GeneralChapter 2 identifies pr

48、operties requiring considerationand provides guidelines for determining building properties.Also described is the need for a thorough condition assessmentand utilization of knowledge gained in analyzing componentand system behavior. Personnel involved in material propertyquantification and condition

49、 assessment should be experiencedin the proper implementation of testing practices and theinterpretation of results.The form and function of concrete buildings, concretestrength and quality, reinforcing steel strength, quality anddetailing, forming techniques, and concrete placementtechniques have changed over the past century. These factorsand changes, as a result of deterioration and prior loadinghistory, have a significant impact on the seismic resistance ofa concrete building. Innovations such as prestressed andprecast concrete, post-tensioning, a