1、Reported by ACI Committee 548ACI 548.8-07Specification for Type EM(Epoxy Multi-Layer) PolymerOverlay for Bridge andParking Garage DecksAn ACI StandardSpecification for Type EM (Epoxy Multi-Layer) Polymer Overlayfor Bridge and Parking Garage DecksFirst PrintingOctober 2007ISBN 978-0-87031-260-1Americ
2、an Concrete InstituteAdvancing concrete knowledgeCopyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This materialmay not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or otherdistribution and storage media, without the
3、written consent of ACI.The technical committees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoid ambiguities,omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACI documents occasionallyfind information or requirements that may be subject to more tha
4、n one interpretation or may beincomplete or incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement of ACI documents arerequested to contact ACI. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata atwww.concrete.org/committees/errata.asp for the most up-to-date revisions.ACI com
5、mittee documents are intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate thesignificance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for theapplication of the material it contains. Individuals who use this publication in any way assume all risk
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8、 this document to establish health and safety practices appropriate tothe specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard tohealth and safety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine the applicability of allregulatory limitations be
9、fore applying the document and must comply with all applicable laws and regulations,including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) healthand safety standards.Order information: ACI documents are available in print, by download, on CD-ROM, through ele
10、ctronicsubscription, or reprint and may be obtained by contacting ACI.Most ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual ofConcrete Practice (MCP).American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331U.S.A.Phone: 248-848-3700Fax:
11、 248-848-3701www.concrete.orgACI 548.8-07 was adopted September 2007 and published October 2007.Copyright 2007, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by anymeans, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic o
12、rmechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproductionor for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writingis obtained from the copyright proprietors.548.8-1Specification for Type EM (Epoxy Multi-Layer) Polymer Overlay for Bridg
13、eand Parking Garage DecksAn ACI StandardReported by ACI Committee 548ACI 548.8-07This Specification covers epoxy multi-layer (EM) polymer overlay forbridge and parking garage decks. Type EM polymer overlay incorporates alow-modulus epoxy binder and selected aggregate to produce a flexible,skid-resis
14、tant, and waterproof overlay. The overlay may be used for bothnew construction and rehabilitation. The overlay is placed by applying theneat epoxy binder to the surface and broadcasting aggregate. This Specifi-cation includes requirements for chemical components, aggregates, storageand handling, sur
15、face preparation, surface profile, mixing, placement, andfinishing.Keywords: bridge decks; epoxy; multi layer; parking garage decks; polymeroverlay; surface preparation.NOTE TO SPECIFIERThis Specification is incorporated by reference in theProject Specification using the wording in P3 of the Preface
16、and including information from the Mandatory Requirementsand Submittals Checklists following the Specification.PREFACEP1. ACI Specification 548.8 is intended to be used byreference or incorporation in its entirety in the Project Spec-ification. Do not copy individual Parts, Sections, Articles, orPar
17、agraphs into the Project Specification, because takingthem out of context may change their meaning.P2. If Sections or Parts of ACI Specification 548.8 arecopied into the Project Specification or any other document,do not refer to them as an ACI Specification, because theSpecification has been altere
18、d.P3. A statement such as the following will serve to makeACI Specification 548.8 a part of the Project Specification:“Work on (Project Title) shall conform to all requirements ofACI 548.8-07, Specification for Type EM (Epoxy Multi-Layer) Polymer Overlay for Bridge and Parking GarageDecks, published
19、 by the American Concrete Institute,Farmington Hills, Michigan, except as modified by ContractDocuments.”P4. Each technical section of ACI Specification 548.8 iswritten in the three-part Section format of the ConstructionSpecifications Institute, as adapted for ACI requirements.The language is imper
20、ative and terse.P5. The Specification is written to the Contractor. When aprovision of this Specification requires action by Contractor,the verb “shall” is used. If Contractor is allowed to exercisean option when limited alternatives are available, thephrasing “either.or” is used. Statements provide
21、d in theSpecification as information to Contractor use the verbs“may” or “will.” Informational statements typically identifyactivities or options that “will be taken” or “may be taken”by the Owner or Architect/Engineer.Herschel H. Allen III David W. Fowler Mahmoud M. Reda Taha Donald P. TragianeseMi
22、lton D. Anderson Robert W. Gaul John R. Robinson Cumaraswamy VipulanandanJohn J. Bartholomew Larry E. Good Donald A. Schmidt Wafeek S. WahbyConstantin Bodea Albert O. Kaeding Qizhong Sheng Harold H. Weber, Jr.James T. Dikeou John R. Milliron Joe Solomon David WhiteHarold (Dan) R. Edwards Brad Nemuna
23、itis Michael M. Sprinkel David P. WhitneyGarth J. Fallis Richard C. PrusinskiMichael S. StenkoChair548.8-2 ACI STANDARDCONTENTSPreface, p. 548.8-1Section 1General, p. 548.8-21.1Scope1.2Reference standards1.3Reference organizations1.4Submittals1.5Project conditions1.6Labeling, storage, and handling o
24、f materials1. 7SafetySection 2Products, p. 548.8-32.1Epoxy binder2.2Aggregate2.3Polymer overlaySection 3Execution, p. 548.8-33.1Procedure qualification3.2Surface preparation3.3Mixing epoxy binder3.4Overlay application3.5Curing3.6Excess aggregate removal3.7Joints3.8Open to trafficForeword to checklis
25、ts, p. 548.8-4Mandatory requirements checklist, p. 548.8-5Submittal checklist, p. 548.8-5SECTION 1GENERAL1.1Scope1.1.1 This Specification covers materials and proceduresfor constructing a polymer overlay for new construction andfor repair and rehabilitation of bridge and parking garagedecks. Type EM
26、 polymer overlay incorporates a low-modulus, multi-component epoxy binder and selectedaggregate to produce a flexible, skid-resistant, and water-proof overlay. This Specification includes requirements forchemical components, aggregates, storage and handling,surface preparation, surface profile, mixi
27、ng, placement,finishing, quality control, and quality assurance.1.1.2 The provisions of this Specification shall governunless otherwise specified in the Contract Documents. 1.1.3 UnitsValues stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. 1.2Reference standards1.2.1 ASTM Standards C566-97
28、Standard Test Method for Total Evaporable(2004) Moisture Content of Aggregate by DryingC579-01 Standard Test Methods for Compressive Strength(2006) of Chemical-Resistant Mortars, Grouts, Mono-lithic Surfacings, and Polymer ConcretesC778-06 Standard Specification for Standard SandC881/ Standard Speci
29、fication for Epoxy-Resin-BaseC881M-02 Bonding Systems for ConcreteC884/ Standard Test Method for Thermal Compatibility C884M-98 between Concrete and an Epoxy Resin Overlay(2005)C1583-04 Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength ofConcrete Surfaces and the Bond Strength orTensile Strength of Concrete
30、 Repair and OverlayMaterials by Direct Tension (Pull-off Method)D638-03 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties ofPlasticsD2393-86 Standard Test Method for Viscosity of EpoxyResins and Related Components (withdrawn)D3278-96 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids (2004)e1 by Small Scale
31、 Closed-Cup ApparatusD4263-83 Standard Test Method for Indicating Moisture (2005) in Concrete by the Plastic Sheet Method1.2.2 SSPC standardsSSPC-SP 10/NACE No. 2, Near White Metal Blast Cleaning1.3Reference organizationsAbbreviations for and complete names and addresses oforganizations issuing docu
32、ments referred to in this Specifi-cation are listed:ASTM International100 Barr Harbor DriveWest Conshohocken, PA 19428www.astm.orgThe Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC)40 24th Street6th FloorPittsburgh, PA 15222-4656www.sspc.org1.4Submittals1.4.1 Submit a certificate of compliance and qualitycon
33、trol test results verifying conformance to material speci-fications for each manufactured batch of epoxy and lot ofaggregate. A lot or batch is a quantity of material manufac-tured at one time and placed into containers.1.4.2 Submit material and product data sufficient for theArchitect/Engineer to e
34、valuate the system, including allinstallation instructions and quality control proceduresrequired to assure an acceptable finished overlay.1.4.3 Submit safety data sheets.1.5Project conditions1.5.1 Cold weather limitsDo not place overlay when thetemperature of the deck or applicable surface and poly
35、mermaterials is below 50 F unless otherwise recommended bythe material manufacturer and accepted by the Architect/Engineer.1.5.2 Hot weather limitsDo not place overlay if the 1 in.3job site production samples have gel times less than 10 minutesor if the broadcast aggregate will not penetrate the epo
36、xy layer.1.5.3 Moisture limitsDo not place the overlay onsurfaces unless they are moisture free when tested in accor-dance with ASTM D4263.SPECIFICATION FOR TYPE EM POLYMER OVERLAY FOR BRIDGE AND PARKING GARAGE DECKS 548.8-31.6Labeling, storage, and handling of materials1.6.1 LabelingMark product co
37、ntainers with thefollowing information:Name of manufacturer;Manufacturers product identification;Material quantity;Manufacturers mixing instructions;Warning for storage and handling; andHazard information.1.6.2 StorageStore epoxy resins and hardeners in anarea that prevents them from getting wet. St
38、ore them awayfrom open flames and other sources of ignition. Store epoxyresins and hardeners at temperatures between 50 and 113 Funless otherwise recommended by the material manufacturer.Store aggregates in an area that prevents them from getting wet.1.7SafetyHeed all warnings of Material Safety Dat
39、a Sheets andmanufacturers labels.SECTION 2PRODUCTS2.1Epoxy binderMulti-component epoxy shall meet the requirements listedin Tables 2.1 and 2.2. All components used for physicaltesting shall be maintained at 73 F (1 F) for a minimumof 24 hours before mixing, curing, or testing. Do not useepoxy system
40、s containing solvents and unreactive diluents.2.2AggregateAggregate shall meet the gradation requirements in Table 2.3and have hardness of six or higher on the Mohs hardnessscale. Aggregate shall be angular, shall consist of naturalsilica sand, basalt, or other nonfriable aggregate, and shallcontain
41、 less than 0.2% moisture when tested in accordancewith ASTM C566.2.3Polymer overlayType EM polymer overlay shall meet the requirements ofTable 2.4.SECTION 3EXECUTION3.1Procedure qualification3.1.1 EquipmentRemove deteriorated concrete, grease,dirt, oil, and other contaminants that inhibit bond of th
42、eoverlay with blasters using steel shot or grit abrasives.3.1.2 Quality control procedure qualificationSpecify asurface preparation technique (size and flow of abrasive,forward speed, and number of passes of the blastingmachine) that shall expose coarse aggregate and ensureadhesion of the overlay to
43、 the substrate. Remove all loosematerial to result in a dust-free surface before application.Use this quality control procedure (Section 3.1.2.1 through3.1.2.6) to determine that the materials, batching, mixing,placing, and curing procedures provide the required adhesion ofthe overlay to the substra
44、te.3.1.2.1 Test locations will be designated for qualitycontrol to evaluate the range of surface conditions on thearea to be overlaid, including areas with deck repairs, if any.The engineer shall designate one test location to be evaluatedfor each span or 478 yd2, whichever is smaller for bridges,an
45、d 478 yd2 for parking decks.3.1.2.2 At each test location selected by the Engineer,prepare a minimum surface area of 4 ft2using the equipmentand procedures proposed for project surface preparation.3.1.2.3 Prepare the surface and apply the overlay atdesignated quality control test locations.3.1.2.4 A
46、pply overlays at quality control test locations atthe same thickness and with the same materials, equipment,personnel, timing, sequence of operations, and curing periodthat will be used on the project.3.1.2.5 Evaluate the test overlays using the proceduredescribed in ASTM C1583, except that the tens
47、ile adhesionevaluation shall not be performed at surface temperaturesabove 80 F. Core through the test overlay to a depth of 0.5 in.Table 2.1Properties of mixed, uncured epoxy binderProperty Value Test methodViscosity 700 to 2500 cPASTM D2393 (No. 3 at20 rpm, Brookfield RVT)Gel time at 73 F 15 to 45
48、 minutesASTM C881/C881M(modified 70 mL)Flash point 199 F ASTM D3278Table 2.2Physical properties of cured epoxy binder at 7 daysProperty Value Test methodTensile strength 2 to 5 ksi ASTM D638 (Type I)Tensile elongation 30 to 70% ASTM D638 (Type I)Modulus of elasticity, maximum13 ksi ASTM D638 (Type I
49、)Table 2.3Deck aggregate gradationBroadcast bridge deck aggregate gradationMesh size Percent passingNo. 4 100No. 8 30 to 75No. 16 0 to 5No. 30 0 to 1Broadcast parking deck aggregate gradationMesh size Percent passingNo. 8 100No. 16 51 to 75No. 20 14 to 50No. 30 0 to 25No. 40 0 to 2Table 2.4Properties of Type EM polymer overlayProperty Value Test methodCompressive strength*1 ksi (3 hours)5 ksi (24 hours)ASTM C579, Method BThermalcompatibility*PassASTM C884/C884M, Method BBond strength,*minimum250 psi ASTM C1583*Samples should be ma
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