ACI SP-17M-2014 The Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook.pdf

1、An ACI Handbook The Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook A Companion to ACI 318M-14 SP-17M(14) ACI SP-17M(14) THE REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOK A Companion to ACI 318M-14 BUILDING EXAMPLE STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS STRUCTURAL ANAL YSIS DURABILITY ONE-WAY SLABS TWO-WAY SLABS BEAMS DIAPHRAGMS COLUMNS STR

2、UCTURAL REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLS FOUNDATIONS RETAINING WALLS SERVICEABILITY STRUT-AND-TIE MODEL ANCHORING TO CONCRETEACI SP-17M(14) THE REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOK A Companion to ACI 318M-14 Editors: Andrew Taylor Trey Hamilton III Antonio NanniMay 2018 ISBN: 978-1-64195-012-1 THE REINFORCE

3、D CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOK Ninth Edition Copyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the writte

4、n consent of ACI. The technical committees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoid ambiguities, omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACI documents occasionally find information or requirements that may be subject to more than o

5、ne interpretation or may be incomplete or incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement of ACI documents are requested to contact ACI via the errata website at http:/concrete.org/Publications/DocumentErrata.aspx. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata for t

6、he most up-to-date revisions. ACI committee documents are intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for the application of the material it contains. Individuals who use this

7、 publication in any way assume all risk and accept total responsibility for the application and use of this information. All information in this publication is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantab

8、ility, fitness for a particular purpose or non- infringement. ACI and its members disclaim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may result from the use of this publ

9、ication. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish health and safety practices appropriate to the specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard to health and safety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine

10、 the applicability of all regulatory limitations before applying the document and must comply with all applicable laws and regulations, including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) health and safety standards. Participation by governmental represen

11、tatives in the work of the American Concrete Institute and in the development of Institute standards does not constitute governmental endorsement of ACI or the standards that it develops. Order information: ACI documents are available in print, by download, on CD-ROM, through electronic subscription

12、, or reprint and may be obtained by contacting ACI. Most ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual of Concrete Practice (MCP). American Concrete Institute 38800 Country Club Drive Farmington Hills, MI 48331 USA +1.248.848.3700 Managing Editor: Khale

13、d Nahlawi Staff Engineers: Daniel W. Falconer, Matthew R. Senecal, Gregory M. Zeisler, and Jerzy Z. Zemajtis Technical Editors: Shannon B. Banchero, Emily H. Bush, and Cherrie L. Fergusson Manager, Publishing Services: Barry Bergin Lead Production Editor: Carl Bischof Production Editors: Kelli Slayd

14、en, Kaitlyn Hinman, Tiesha Elam Graphic Designers: Ryan Jay, Aimee Kahaian Manufacturing: Marie Fuller www.concrete.orgDEDICATION This edition of The Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook, SP-17M(14), is dedicated to the memory of Daniel W. Falconer and his many contributions to the concrete industry.

15、 He was Managing Director of Engineering for the American Concrete Institute from 1998 until his death in July 2015. Dan was instrumental in the reorganization of Building Code Requirements for Struc- tural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14) as he served as ACI staff liaison to ACI C

16、ommittee 318, Structural Concrete Building Code; and ACI Subcommittee 318-SC, Steering Committee. His vision was to simplify the use of the Code for prac- titioners and to illustrate the benefits of the reorganization with this major revision of SP-17M. His oversight and review comments were instrum

17、ental in the development of this Handbook. An ACI member since 1982, Dan served on ACI Committees 344, Circular Prestressed Concrete Structures, and 373, Circular Concrete Structures Prestressed with Circumferen- tial Tendons. He was also a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers. Prior to

18、 joining ACI, Dan held several engineering and marketing positions with VSL Corp. Before that, he was Project Engineer for Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill in Washington, DC. He received his BS in civil engineering from the University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY and his MS in civil and structural engineeri

19、ng from Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA. He was a licensed professional engineer in several states. In his personal life, Dan was an avid golfer, enjoying outings with his three brothers whenever possible. He was also an active member of Our Savior Lutheran Church in Hartland, MI, and a dedicated s

20、upporter and follower of the Michigan State Spar- tans basketball and football programs. Above all, Dan was known as a devoted family man dedicated to his wife of 33 years, Barbara, his children Mark, Elizabeth, Kathryn, and Jonathan, and two grandsons Samuel and Jacob. In his memory, the ACI Founda

21、tion has established an educational memorial. For more information visit http:/www.schol- arshipcouncil.org/Student-Awards. Dan will be sorely missed for many years to come.FOREWORD The Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook provides assistance to professionals engaged in the design of reinforced concr

22、ete buildings and related structures. This edition is a major revision that brings it up-to-date with the approach and provisions of Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318M-14). The layout and look of the Handbook have also been updated. The Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook n

23、ow provides dozens of design examples of various reinforced concrete members, such as one- and two-way slabs, beams, columns, walls, diaphragms, footings, and retaining walls. For consistency, many of the numerical examples are based on a fictitious seven-story reinforced concrete building. There ar

24、e also many additional design examples not related to the design of the members in the seven story building that illustrate various ACI 318M-14 requirements. Each example starts with a problem statement, then provides a design solution in a three column formatcode provision reference, short discussi

25、on, and design calculations followed by a drawing of reinforcing details, and finally a conclusion elaborating on a certain condition or comparing results of similar problem solutions. In addition to examples, almost all chapters in the Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook contain a general discussio

26、n of the related ACI 318M-14 chapter. All chapters were developed by ACI staff engineers under the auspices of the ACI Technical Activities Committee (TAC). To provide immediate oversight and guidance for this project, TAC appointed three content editors: Andrew Taylor, Trey Hamilton III, and Antoni

27、o Nanni. Their reviews and suggestions improved this publication and are appreciated. TAC also appreciates the support of Dirk Bondy and Kenneth Bondy who provided free software to analyze and design the post-tensioned beam example, in addition to valuable comments and suggestions. Thanks also go to

28、 JoAnn Browning, David DeValve, Anindya Dutta, Charles Dolan, Matthew Huslig, Ronald Klemencic, James Lai, Steven McCabe, Mike Mota, Hani Nassif, Jose Pincheira, David Rogowski, and Siamak Sattar, who reviewed one or more of the chapters. Special thanks go to StructurePoint and Computers and Structu

29、res, Inc. (SAP 2000 and Etabs) for providing a free copy of their software to perform analyses of structure and members. Special thanks also go to Stuart Nielsen, who provided the cover art using SketchUp. The Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook is published in two volumes: Chapters 1 through 11 are

30、 published in V olume 1 and Chapters 12 through 15 are published in V olume 2. Design aids and a moment interaction diagram Excel spreadsheet are available for free download from the following ACI webpage links: https:/www.concrete.org/store/productdetail.aspx?ItemID=SP1714DAE https:/www.concrete.or

31、g/store/productdetail.aspx?ItemID=SP1714DA Keywords: anchoring to concrete; beams; columns; cracking; deflection; diaphragm; durability; flexural strength; footings; frames; piles; pile caps; post-tensioning; punching shear; retaining wall; shear strength; seismic; slabs; splicing; stiffness; struc-

32、 tural analysis; structural systems; strut-and-tie; walls. Khaled Nahlawi Managing EditorCONTENTS CHAPTER 1BUILDING EXAMPLE, p. 9 1.1Introduction, p. 9 1.2Building plans and elevation, p. 9 1.3Loads, p. 12 1.4Material properties, p. 12 CHAPTER 2STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS, p. 13 2.1Introduction, p. 13 2.2Mat

33、erials, p. 13 2.3Design loads, p. 13 2.4Structural systems, p. 14 2.5Floor subassemblies, p. 20 2.6Foundation design considerations for lateral forces, p. 22 2.7Structural analysis, p. 23 2.8Durability, p. 23 2.9Sustainability, p. 23 2.10Structural integrity, p. 23 2.11Fire resistance, p. 23 2.12Pos

34、t-tensioned/prestressed construction, p. 23 2.13Quality assurance, construction, and inspection, p. 23 CHAPTER 3STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, p. 25 3.1Introduction, p. 25 3.2Overview of structural analysis, p. 25 3.3Hand calculations, p. 26 3.4Computer programs, p. 26 3.5Structural analysis in ACI 318M, p. 2

35、7 3.6Seismic analysis, p. 29 CHAPTER 4DURABILITY, p. 31 4.1Introduction, p. 31 4.2Background, p. 33 4.3Requirements for concrete in various exposure cate- gories, p. 33 4.4Concrete evaluation, acceptance, and inspection, p. 35 4.5Examples, p. 35 5.1Introduction, p. 39 5.2Analysis, p. 39 5.3Service l

36、imits, p. 39 CHAPTER 5ONE-WAY SLABS, p. 39 5.4Required strength, p. 40 5.5Design strength, p. 40 5.6Flexure reinforcement detailing, p. 40 5.7Examples, p. 42 CHAPTER 6TWO-WAY SLABS, p. 81 6.1Introduction, p. 81 6.2Analysis, p. 81 6.3Service limits, p. 81 6.4Shear strength, p. 82 6.5Calculation of re

37、quired shear strength, p. 83 6.6Calculation of shear reinforcement, p. 84 6.7Flexural strength, p. 84 6.8Shear reinforcement detailing, p. 84 6.9Flexure reinforcement detailing, p. 85 6.10Examples, p. 88 CHAPTER 7BEAMS, p. 133 7.1Introduction, p. 133 7.2Service limits, p. 133 7.3Analysis, p. 134 7.4

38、Design strength, p. 134 7.5Temperature and shrinkage reinforcement, p. 140 7.6Detailing, p. 140 7.7Examples, p. 143 CHAPTER 8DIAPHRAGMS, p. 281 8.1Introduction, p. 281 8.2Material, p. 281 8.3Service limits, p. 281 8.4Analysis, p. 281 8.5Design strength, p. 283 8.6Reinforcement detailing, p. 284 8.7S

39、ummary steps, p. 286 8.8Examples, p. 289 CHAPTER 9COLUMNS, p. 353 9.1Introduction, p. 353 9.2General, p. 353 9.3Design limits, p. 353 9.4Required strength, p. 354 9.5Design strength, p. 356 9.6Reinforcement limits, p. 357 9.7Reinforcement detailing, p. 357 9.8Design steps, p. 359 9.9Examples, p. 362

40、 CHAPTER 10STRUCTURAL REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLS, p. 391 10.1Introduction, p. 391 10.2General, p. 391 10.3Required strength, p. 393 10.4Design strength, p. 394 10.5Detailing, p. 398 10.6Summary, p. 399 10.7Examples, p. 400 CHAPTER 11FOUNDATIONS, p. 419 11.1Introduction, p. 419 11.2Footing design, p.

41、419 11.3Design steps, p. 420 11.4Footings subject to eccentric loading, p. 422 11.5Combined footing, p. 423 11.6Examples, p. 425 CHAPTER 12RETAINING WALLS, p. 489 12.1General, p. 489 12.2Design limits, p. 490 12.3Applied forces, p. 491 12.4Design strength, p. 492 12.5Reinforcement limits, p. 492 12.

42、6Detailing, p. 49312.7Summary, p. 493 12.8Examples, p. 495 CHAPTER 13SERVICEABILITY, p. 589 13.1Introduction, p. 589 13.2Limitations on member thickness, p. 589 13.3Immediate deflection behavior of beams or one-way slabs, p. 589 13.4Time-dependent deflection calculation, p. 592 13.5Distribution of f

43、lexural reinforcement in one-way slabs and beams, p. 592 13.6Shrinkage and temperature reinforcement: nonpre- stressed, p. 593 13.7Shrinkage and temperature reinforcement post- tensioned, p. 593 13.8Permissible stresses in prestressed concrete flex- ural members, p. 594 13.9Permissible stresses at t

44、ransfer of prestress, p. 594 13.10Permissible concrete compressive stresses at service loads, p. 594 13.11Examples, p. 595 13.12Deflection design aids, p. 616 CHAPTER 14STRUT-AND-TIE MODEL, p. 633 14.1Introduction, p. 633 14.2Concept, p. 633 14.3Design, p. 633 14.4Struts, p. 634 14.5Ties, p. 636 14.

45、6Nodal zones, p. 637 14.7Usual calculation steps and modeling consideration to apply strut-and-tie model, p. 638 14.8Examples, p. 639 CHAPTER 15ANCHORING TO CONCRETE, p. 687 15.1Introduction, p. 687 15.2Materials, p. 687 15.3Design assumptions, p. 687 15.4Loads on anchors, p. 688 15.5Discussion on a

46、nchors resisting tension, p. 690 15.6Discussion on anchors resisting shear, p. 690 15.7Limitations on installation geometry, p. 691 15.8Examples, p. 692CHAPTER 1BUILDING EXAMPLE 1.1Introduction The building depicted in this chapter was developed to show how, by various examples in this Handbook, to

47、design and detail a common concrete building according to ACI 318M-14. This example building is seven stories above ground and has a one story basement. The building has evenly spaced columns along the grid lines. One column has been removed along Grid C on the second level so that there is open spa

48、ce for the lobby. The building dimensions are: Width (north/south) = 22 m (5 bays 4.4 m) Length (east/west) = 66 m (6 bays 11 m) Height (above ground) = 28 m Basement height = 3 m The basement is used for storage, building services and mechanical equipment. It is ten feet high and has an extra colum

49、n added in every bay along Grids A through F to support a two-way slab at the second level. There are base- ment walls at the perimeter. The structural system is an ordinary concrete shear wall in the north/south direction and an ordinary concrete moment frame in east/west direction. These basic systems were chosen as a starting point for the examples. Member examples may be expanded to show how they may be designed in interme- diate