AASHTO GSW-4-2004 Guide for Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (Revision 4).pdf

1、 Copyright 2004 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This book, or parts thereof, maynot be reproduced in any form without permission of the publishers. Printed in the United Statesof America.ISBN: 1-5

2、6051-296-2ii Guide for Vehicle Weights and DimensionsExecutive Committee20032004Voting MembersOfficers:President: John R. Njord, UtahVice President: J. Bryan Nicol, IndianaSecretary-Treasurer: Larry M. King, PennsylvaniaRegional Representatives:REGION I: James Byrnes, Connecticut, One-Year TermAllen

3、 Biehler, Pennsylvania, Two-Year TermREGION II: Whittington W. Clement, Virginia, One-Year TermFernando Fagundo, Puerto Rico, Two-Year TermREGION III: Mark F. Wandro, Iowa, One-Year TermGloria Jeff, Michigan, Two-Year TermREGION IV: Michael W. Behrens, Texas, One-Year TermTom Norton, Colorado, Two-Y

4、ear TermNon-Voting MembersImmediate Past President: Dan Flowers, ArkansasAASHTO Executive Director: John Horsley, Washington, D.C.Guide for Vehicle Weights and Dimensions iiiAlabamaRandy Braden; John E. LorentsonAlaskaBoyd Brownfield, Aves D. ThompsonArizonaVacantArkansasThomas HarrellCaliforniaAsif

5、 J.Haq, Hossein RostamColoradoEdward FinkConnecticutRudolph H. Kamm, Jr., William W. StoeckertDelawareDonald D. Weber, P.E.District of ColumbiaVacantFloridaMichael T. Akridge, Frank DayGeorgiaKathleen GibsonHawaiiVacant IdahoAlan Frew, Regina PhippsIllinoisVacantIowaWendele MaysentKansasKen Gudenkau

6、fKentuckyDenise KingLouisianaKarl J. Finch, James C. PorterMaineTim Bolton, Robert D. ElderMarylandDee StrausserMassachusettsGordon A. BrozMichiganMaynard ChristensenMinnesotaCharles SanftMississippiTommy Dorsey, Joe MarshallMissouriBill StoneMontanaDrew LivesayNebraskaEllis TompkinsNevadaJan Christ

7、ophersonNew HampshireVacantNew JerseyPatrick Warren SchefferNew MexicoRichard MontoyaNew YorkJohn F. Guinan, Norman R. SchneiderNorth CarolinaJ. Christopher McAdamsNorth DakotaGary L. Berreth, Jerome L. HornerOhioJeff Honefanger, Keith C. SwearingenOklahomaPaul A. Adams, Norman N. Hill, Robert J. Ru

8、schOregonGregg L. Dal PontePennsylvaniaDaniel SmyserPuerto RicoIris M. BorgesRhode IslandPaul R. Annarummo, P.E., John DiTommassoSouth CarolinaVacant South DakotaMichael Durick, Mike YoungTennesseeTom HayesTexasLawrance R. SmithUtahRichard Clasby, IIVermontGlendon W. ButtonVirginiaLynn D. WagnerWash

9、ingtonBarry DisethWest VirginiaCameron C. LewisWisconsinThomas P. Cantwell, Stanley W. WoodsWyomingJerry Ellerman, Timothy K. Hibbard, Gary MarsdenU.S. DOT MemberJames March, FHWAAASHTO LiaisonR. Leo PenneAffiliate MembersWalter W. Steeves, New Brunswick Department of Transportation, Fredericton, Ca

10、nada, Daryl Nixon, SaskatchewanHighways and Transportation, Regina, CanadaAssociate MemberFederalRobert D. Franz,Military Traffic Management CommanyTransportation Engineering Agencyiv Guide for Vehicle Weights and DimensionsSubcommittee on Highway TransportChairman: Parker F. Williams, MarylandVice

11、Chairman: Lawrence R. Smith, TexasSecretary: Robert L. WaltersTreasurer: James March, FHWAStaff Liaison: R. Leo PenneGuide for Vehicle Weights and Dimensions vTable of ContentsForeword 1Chapter 1. Definitions 3 Chapter 2. Vehicles in Regular Operation 72.01 Scope 72.02 Notation 72.03 Width 72.04 Hei

12、ght 72.05 Length 72.06 Tire Weight/Super-Single Tires 102.07 Maximum Weights 10Chapter 3. Issuance of Truck Permits and Restrictions 153.01 Eligibility for Permits 153.02 Types of Permits 153.03 Permit Issuance 163.04 Information Required on Permits 163.05 Days and Hours of Operation 173.06 Inclemen

13、t Weather 183.07 Speed Limits 183.08 Routing 183.09 Grossly Overweight or Oversized 183.10 Escorts 183.11 Warning Flags 193.12 Warning Lights 193.13 Warning Signs (Sign dimension and lettering are currently under review) 193.14 Coordinating Permit Operations with Other Government Agencies 243.15 Per

14、mits for Other Government Agencies 263.16 Permit Compliance 26Chapter 4. National Defense 274.01 Oversize/Overweight Shipments 274.02 Highway Movement of Military-Tracked Vehicles 284.03 Mobilization Movement Control Program (MOBCON) 29Appendix 30Note to ReaderThe charge of AASHTOs Subcommittee on H

15、ighway Transport states that it shall main-tain the AASHTO Guide for Maximum Dimensions and Weights of Motor Vehicles(Guide for Vehicle Weights and Dimensions). This is the 2004 printing of the Guide lastupdated in 2001.vi Guide for Vehicle Weights and DimensionsForeword The American Association of

16、State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) has aunique leadership role in developing transportation policy, direction, and information for mem-ber states and the nation. In the area of vehicle weights and dimensions, AASHTO has artic-ulated policy and recommendations since 1932. This guide

17、represents part of AASHTOs con-tinuing efforts to provide leadership and guidance in the vital areas of vehicle weights anddimensions.In developing this updated Guide, the Subcommittee on Highway Transport considered advice,information, and input from all States, other AASHTO committees and members,

18、 FHWA,commercial carriers, and their representative groups, the Department of Defense, and otherinterested parties. It replaces the previous Guide published in 1991.The primary purposes of this Guide are to: Provide a baseline of common terminology. Promote common permitting practices for overdimens

19、ion/overweight operations. Promote improved transportation safety. Promote efficiency and productivity for government and industry. Provide necessary protection of the public infrastructure investment. Promote uniformity in regulation and process wherever possible while providing informa-tion and gu

20、idance to States, the military, and the private sector. Formalize operational procedures with the Department of Defense.This Guide is focused on providing information and guidance for States as they manage theirtransportation systems and for commercial carriers and others as they utilize highway tra

21、nsportto meet the needs of shippers and the economy. It is recognized that a continued Federal role isnecessary to provide a national view, facilitate interstate commerce and work with States andinterested parties to balance the often competing needs of shippers and carriers and other high-way users

22、, while protecting the vast public infrastructure investment and promoting improvedsafety.This Guide should not be interpreted as a guide to national uniformity. While national andinternational truck size and weight uniformity are often cited goals for national productivityand efficiency, such goals

23、 like beyond the practical objectives of this document. Given theincreasing international nature of highway commerce, the significant number of differing juris-dictions, and varied local and regional requirements and needs, uniformity may remain elusive.However, unintended or unnecessary differences

24、 can be eliminated. Therefore, it is also the pur-pose of this Guide to promote a continued dialogue for discussing vehicle size and weight issues,permit practices, and provide a focus for improving the safety, regulations, and processes relat-ed to these aspects of transportation. And, in recognizi

25、ng the need for regional variations invehicle size and weight, the Subcommittee on Highway Transport encourages the developmentof regional guides such as the Guide for Uniform Laws and Regulations Governing Truck Sizeand Weight Among the WASHTO States. The WASHTO Guide can be viewed on-line at:http:

26、/www.wsdot.wa.gov/fossc/maint/motor/.It is recommended that this guide be updated at least every three years based upon an evalua-tion of need by the Subcommittee on Highway Transport. Guide for Vehicle Weights and Dimensions 1Chapter 1. DefinitionsPlease refer to Appendix 1 for a discussion of metr

27、ic conversions used in defining weightsor dimensions. In this Guide, the following words and phrases have the meaning specified: Axle: The common axis of rotation of one or more wheels whether power-driven or freelyrotating, and whether in one or more segments, and regardless of the number of wheels

28、carried thereon.Axle Group: An assemblage of two or more consecutive axles considered together indetermining their combined load effect on a bridge or pavement structure.Automobile Transporter: Any vehicle combination designed and used specifically forthe transport of assembled highway vehicles, inc

29、luding truck camper units.Bus: A motor vehicle designed primarily for the transportation of persons rather thanproperty and having a passenger-carrying capacity of 15 or more persons, other than ataxicab-constructed and designed for transporting persons for commercial purposes.Cargo: The items or fr

30、eight to be moved; including items placed on or in a vehicle, towedby a vehicle, or a vehicle itself.Connecting Mechanism: An arrangement of parts interconnecting two or more consec-utive axles to the frame of a vehicle in such a manner as to equalize the load betweenaxles.Gross Weight: The weight o

31、f a vehicle or combination of vehicles plus the weight of anyload thereon.Height: The total vertical dimension of a vehicle above the ground surface, includingany load and load-holding device thereon.Length: The total longitudinal dimension of a single vehicle, a trailer, or a semitrailer.Length of

32、a trailer or semitrailer is measured from the front of the cargo-carrying unit toits rear, exclusive of all overhang, safety or energy efficiency devices, including air condi-tioning units, air compressors, flexible fender extensions, splash and spray suppressantdevices, bolsters, mechanical fasteni

33、ng devices, and hydraulic lift gates.Load: A weight or quantity of anything resting upon something else regarded as its sup-port.Motor Vehicle: A vehicle that is self-propelled or propelled by electric power obtainedfrom overhead trolley wires, but not operating upon rails.National Truck Network: Th

34、ose interstate and other highways that prior to October 1,1991 were designated as Federal-aid primary routes on which commercial vehicles of thedimensions authorized by the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (STAA) areallowed to operate.Operator: Every person who drives or is in actual ph

35、ysical control of a motor vehicleupon a highway or who is exercising control over or steering a vehicle being towed by amotor vehicle.Guide for Vehicle Weights and Dimensions 3Pavement Structure: The combination of subbase, base course, and surface course placedon an earth subgrade to support the tr

36、affic load and distribute it to the roadbed.Quadrum Axle: Any four consecutive axles whose extreme centers are not more than192 inches (4.88 m) apart and are individually attached to or articulated from, or both,a common attachment to the vehicle including a connecting mechanism designed toequalize

37、the load between axles.Regular Operation: The movement over highways of vehicles, vehicle combinations,and loads thereon, subject to the recommended limitations contained in this guide gov-erning maximum weights and dimensions for motor vehicles and loads thereon.Scale Tolerance: An allowable variat

38、ion in the static weight of an axle load in accor-dance with, but not exceeding, the precision of the scale involved.Semitrailer: Every single vehicle without motive power designed for carrying propertyand so designed in conjunction and used with a motor vehicle that some part of its ownweight and t

39、hat of its own load rests or is carried by another vehicle and having one ormore load-carrying axles.Single Axle: An assembly of two or more wheels whose centers are in one transverse ver-tical plane or may be included between two parallel transverse planes 40 inches (1.02 m)apart extending across t

40、he full width of the vehicle.Special Permit/Overlegal Permit: A written authorization to move or operate on a high-way a vehicle or vehicles with or without a load of size and/or weight exceeding the lim-its prescribed for vehicles in regular operation.Special Permit Applicant: An individual, firm,

41、partnership, corporation, or associationmaking application for a special permit to transport a vehicle, vehicles, and/or load whichis oversize or overweight and under whose authority and responsibility such vehicle orload is transported.Steering Axle: The axle or axles of a motor vehicle or combinat

42、ion of vehicles by whichthe same is guided or steered.Stinger-Steered Automobile Transporter:A truck-tractor semitrailer combination wherethe fifth wheel is located on a drop frame behind and below the drive axle of the powerunit. In this configuration, vehicles are carried behind or both behind and

43、 above the cabof the power unit, as well as on the semitrailer.Tandem Axle: Any two axles whose centers are more than 40 inches (1.02 m) but notmore than 96 inches (2.44 m) apart and are individually attached to or articulated from,or both, a common attachment to the vehicle including a connecting m

44、echanismdesigned to equalize the load between axles.Tire, Pneumatic: A tire of rubber or other resilient material that depends upon com-pressed air for support of a load.Trailer: Every single vehicle without motive power designed for carrying property whol-ly on its own structure, drawn by a motor v

45、ehicle which carries no part of the weight andload of the trailer on its own wheels and having two or more load carrying axles.Tridem Axle: Any three consecutive axles whose extreme centers are not more than 144inches (3.66 m) apart, and are individually attached to or articulated from, or both, a4

46、Guide for Vehicle Weights and Dimensionscommon attachment to the vehicle including a connecting mechanism designed toequalize the load between axles.Truck: A single-unit motor vehicle used primarily for the transportation of property.Truck Tractor: A motor vehicle used primarily for drawing other ve

47、hicles and not soconstructed as to carry a load other than a part of the weight of the vehicle and load sodrawn.Trunion Axle: An axle configuration with two individual axles mounted in the sametransverse plane, with four tires on each axle, connected at a pivot point which allowseach individual axle

48、 to oscillate in a vertical plane to provide constant and equal weightdistribution on each individual axle.Turning Path: The path of a designated point on a vehicle making a specified turn.Turning Track Width: The radial distance between the turning paths of the outside ofthe outer front tire and th

49、e outside of the rear tire which is nearest the center of the turn.Variable Load Suspension Axles: Axles that can be regulated by the driver of the vehi-cle. These axles are controlled by hydraulic and air suspension systems, mechanically, orby a combination of these methods.Vehicle: A device in, upon, or by which any person or property may be transported ordrawn upon a highway, except devices moved by human power or used exclusively uponstationary rails or tracks.Vehicle Comb