1、Index A Abrasion, protection against, for driven piles, 74 Abrasive conditions 345 in soil-corrugated metal structure interactions systems, 341, in soil-reinforced concrete structure interaction systems, 409 in soil-thermoplastic pipe interactions systems, 432 design of, 184-187 forces on, for seism
2、ic performance categories C and D, 468 loading on, 185 on mechanically stabilized earth retaining wails, 185-186 on modular systems, 186-187 requirements for Abutments for seismic performance category A, 457458 for seismic performance category B, 460,461-462 for seismic performance categories C and
3、D, 468471 types of, 184-185 Abutting joints, for steel, 571 Acceleration coefficient, in seismic design, 447449,447j 448f Admixtures for concrete, 526-527 for grout, in prestressing, 560 for pneumatically applied mortar, 653 for concrete, 526 storage of, 528 for latex modified concrete type wearing
4、surface, 679 for pneumatically applied mortar, 653 for slope protection, 645 Aggregate Air-entraining admixtures, for concrete, 526-527 Alaska, acceleration coefficients for, in seismic design, 448f Allowable stress for bending members, in wood structures, 377, 379-380 for bolted girders, 295 for br
5、onze castings, 293 for cast iron, 293 for cast steel, 293, 294t combined stresses in, 301 for composite box girders, 307-3 12 for composite girders, 295, 303-307 for compression members, 300-301 in wood structures, 381 for copper-alloy castings, 293 design for. See Allowable stress design in driven
6、piles, 73 for driving piles, maximum, 74 for ductile iron, 293, 294t for fasteners, 290-292, 290t for flange plates, 295 for flanges, 294-296 for girders, 294-299 for lacing bars, 300 for malleable castings, 293 for masonry bearings, 294 for orthotropic-deck superstructures, 3 14-3 16 for perforated
7、 cover plates, 300-301 for plate girders, 294-299 for prestressed concrete, 232-233 for reinforced concrete, 197 for retaining walls mechanically stabilized earth, 157-158 prefabrcated modular, 174 for riveted girders, 295 for rolled beam(s), 294 for shear connectors, 304 for solid rib arches, 302-3
8、03, 331 for steel, 287,288t-289t for steel bars, 293, 293t for steel forgings, 293,293t for trusses, 300-301 unit stress for, percentage increase of, 291 for web plates, 303 for weld metal, 287 for welded plate girders, 294-295 Allowable stress design for reinforced concrete, 197-202 scope of, 287 u
9、nder compressive bending stress, 295 Aluminum conduits, in soil-corrugated metal structure interactions systems for corrugated metal pipe, 344 for spiral rib metal pipe, 346 for structural plate pipe, 347 Aluminum design, 337 Aluminum pipes, in soil-corrugated metal structure interactions systems, r
10、equirements for corrugated, 345 spiral rib corrugated, 346 structural plate, 348 Aluminum railings, 637 Analysis requirements, for seismic design, 453456 Anchor bolts for bearings, 627 for pneumatically applied mortar, 653 for structural steel, 286 for bearings, 402 installation of, 633 for ground a
11、nchors, 509 installation of, 510 mechanical, for reinforced concrete, 222 Anchorage(s) 797 798 INDEX multiple slab. See Multiple slab anchorages post-tensioning, 554-556 post-tensioning for, for prestressed concrete, 248-249 in prestressing, 554 for spread footings, 49,93-94 for steel structures, er
12、ection of, 583 Anchorage devices, definition of, 227 Anchorage hardware, placement of, in prestressing, 557 Anchorage seating, definition of, 227 Anchorage spacing, definition of, 227 Anchorage zone testing samples of, 558 definition of, 227 post-tensioned, for prestressed concrete, 240-247 design o
13、f, strut-and-tie models in, 243-244 Anchored retaining walls, 113-1 14, 114f corrosion protection for, 138 design of, 133-138, 133f drainage for, 136 earth pressure loading in, 133-136, 134J 135f seismic pressure on, 136 stability of, 136 structural design of, 136-138, 137t structural dimensions for
14、, 136 surcharge loading in, 133-136 water pressure on, 136 Angles, in structural steel effective area of, 265-266 outstanding legs of, 266 Annealing, of structural members, 573-574 Applied load, calculating, 292 Applied tension, allowable stress for fasteners subject to, 292 Appurtenances, for pile
15、driving, 492493 Arch headwalls, for metal culverts, installation of, 666-667 Arch ring stones, manufacture of, 598-599 Arch substructures, for metal culverts, installation of, 666-667 Arches concrete, placement of, 533 for metal culverts, backfill for, 665 reinforced concrete, 196-197 in soil-corrug
16、ated metal structure interactions systems, 340 pipe, 340 structural plate, 348 in stone masonry, 601-602 construction of, 599-602 manufacture of, 598-599 selection and placement of, 600 Asphalt membrane waterproofing application of, 641-642 materials for, 639 of concrete culverts, 670 of metal culve
17、rts, 660-662 of steel grid flooring, 588 of steel structures, 576-583 of thermoplastic pipes, 688 of drilled shafts, 80-86, 107 of driven piles, 70, 102-103 Axial compression, maximum for compact sections, 317 Ashlar masonry, 597 Ashlar stone, 597 Assembly Axial capacity for non-compact sections, br
18、aced, 3 18 on compression members, 330 on drilled shafts, deformation under, 86-88 Axial load B Backfill, 477479 for abutments, 185 for concrete culverts, 670 installation of, 677-678 for earth retaining systems, 5 16-5 17 materials for, 477 for metal culverts, 660 for precast reinforced concrete th
19、ree-sided structures, in installation of, 665-666 soil-reinforced concrete structure interaction systems, 428 preparation of, 478-479 for retaining walls, 179, 179f gravity and semi-gravity, 129 for soil-corrugated metal structure interactions systems protection of, for hydraulic long-span structura
20、l plate for structural plate box culverts, 354 structures, 352 for thermoplastic pipes, 687,689 Backing, for stone masonry, 600-602 Backwalls for brick masonry, 605-606 for concrete block masonry, 605-606 bundled. See Bundled bars deformed. See Deformed bars identification for, 557 lacing. See Lacin
21、g bars splices in, 551-552 testing of, 557-558 Bar(s) for reinforced concrete, 223 Bar lists, for reinforcing steel, 549-550 Base slabs, for retaining walls, gravity and semi-gravity, 126 Basic anchorage device, definition of, 227 Batching, of concrete, 529 Batter, of bents, for structural steel, 27
22、1 Batter piles, 69, 92 Batter shafts, 78 Beam(s) bearing stiffeners for, in strength design, 321 for composite sections, strength design for, 323 floor. See Floor beams longitudinal, load distribution to, 32-33, 33t in orthotropic-deck superstructures deck plates for, 3 14 fatigue stress in, 315 Bea
23、m stability factor, for bending members in wood structures, Bearing(s) 378-379 acceptance of, 627-632 allowable stress in, for bolts, 290t, 291 anchorage for, 402 for bending members in wood structures, in compression perpendicular to grain, 380 characteristics required of, 387, 389f - INDEX 799 con
24、struction of, 617-634 corrosion protection for, 402,627 design of, 385402 special provisions for, 390402 documentation for, 633 fabrication of, 623-627,624t installation of, 617-634, 632-633 load on, 386-387 load plates for, 402 materials for, 61 8-623 measurement for, 634 movement of, 386-387 notat
25、ions for, 385-386 parallel to grain, in compression members for wood payment for, 634 requirements for, 387-390, 388f selection of, 385-402 standards for, 617-618 for steel structures, erection of, 583 stiffeners for, 294 for structural steel structures, 382 expansion type, 285-286 fixed type, 285-2
26、86 masonry type, 286 surface finish of, for steel, 571 testing of, 627-632 performance criteria for, 629 requirements for, 629-635 in transfer of force, to spread footings, 68 in wood structures, for bending members, in cornpression Bearing area factor, for bending members in wood structures, Bearin
27、g capacity perpendicular to grain, 380 in compression perpendicular to grain, 380 of driven piles, 102 of foundation soils, 97-98 of foundations, 43 for pile driving, determination of, 494-496 of retaining walls, 115 failure of, 177 mechanically stabilized earth type, 143-144, 144f prefabricated mod
28、ular type, 173-174 of spread footings on rock, 62-63,63t, 98-100,99t, 101t on soil, 49-50 eccentric loading in, 50-51, 52J 53f embedment depth in, 5 1 factors in, 50,50t factors of safety for, 57 ground surface slope in, 51, 54f ground water in, 55,55f with inclined base, 57,57f inclined loading in,
29、 5 1 layered soil in, 55-57, 56f shape in, 5 1 Bearing pressure distribution of, to spread footings, 45 from drilled shafts, presumptive values for, 80 in allowable stress design, 299 for hybrid girders, 314 strength design for, 321 Bearing stiffeners Bearing strength 246-241 for prestressed concret
30、e, in post-tensioned anchorage zones, for reinforced concrete, 212 Bearing stress, on reinforced concrete, 197 Bearing-type connections definition of, 290 limits on, 291 Bedding factor, for reinforced concrete pipe, in soil-reinforced concrete structure interaction systems, 415,416-f; 419t Bedding m
31、aterial for bearings, 623 for concrete culverts, 670,67 lf473J 675r-677f installation of, 670, 673 for metal culverts, 660 installation of, 664, 665f for slope protection, 646 for thermoplastic pipes, 687 installation of, 689 Bell(s), construction of, 503 Bell footings measurement for, 504 payment f
32、or, 505 Bend(s), for reinforced concrete, 217-218 Bending, of reinforcing steel, 550 Bending diagrams, for reinforcing steel, 549-550 Bending members, in wood structures, 369,377-382 allowable stress for, 377 beam stability factor for, 378-379 bracing for, 377 compression perpendicular to grain in,
33、380 form factor for, 379 notching, 377 shear parallel to grain in, 379-380 size factor for, 377-378 span for, 377 volume factor for, 378 Bending moment for bearings, 390 for composite box girders, 307, 327 for compression members, 330-33 1 for decks, prestressed concrete type, 231 for longitudinal b
34、eams, 32-33 for spread box girders, load distribution for, 41 for stringers, 32-33 wheel load distribution in for composite wood-concrete members, 40 for glued laminated timber longitudinal flooring, 39 Bending strength for composite sections compact type, 324-325 negative moment type, 325-326 for l
35、ongitudinally stiffened girders, 321 for transversely stiffened girders, 320 for grades of glued laminated timber, 370t-374t for grades of sawn lumber, 360 in hybrid girders, 313 in non-compact composite sections, 325 in orthotropic-deck superstructures, 314-315 in web, 336 in wood structures, 370t-
36、376t Bending stress Bent(s) 800 with multiple columns, design forces for, for seismic performance categories C and D, 466-467 for structural steel, 271-272 Bent caps, 75 Bent piers, 184 Bevel ends, for long-span structural plate structures, 351-352, Biaxial loading, in compression members, reinforce
37、d concrete Bicycle railings, highway clearances for, 11-12, 12j 14f Blanketing, definition of, 227 Blast cleaning, of metal, before painting, 592-593 Blast protection, for railroad overpasses, 4-5 Bolt(s) 353f type, 205 allowable stress for, in structural steel, 290,290t anchor type for bearings, 62
38、7 for pneumatically applied mortar, 653 for structural steel, 286 for metal culverts, 659 prying action on, strength design for, 333 steel, holes for, 571-573 steel for, 257 for steel structure assembly, 577-583 for steel tunnel liner plates, 406 strength design for, 331-333 for structural steel, 28
39、1-284 tensile stress on, 292 for timber structures, 610-611 Bolt threads, in shear planes, 290 Bolted girders allowable stress for, 295 bearing stiffeners for, 299 Bolting, in steel structure assembly, 576 Bond for concrete slabs, 36 for concrete structures, 535 Bond length, for ground anchors, 508
40、Bonded tendon definition of, 227 post-tensioning, 554 Bottom struts, of towers, for structural steel, 271-272 Box culverts concrete, placement of, 533 metal, backfill for, 666 slabs of, for reinforced concrete, special provisions for, 201, structural plate. See Structural plate box culverts composit
41、e. See Composite box girders for prestressed concrete diaphragms for, 230 effective flange width for, 229-230 flange and web thickness for, 230 211 Box girders for reinforced concrete, 194 segmental precast, epoxy bonding agents for, 544-546 singly symmetric type, 323 for metal culverts, backfill fo
42、r, 666 for timber structures, 611 of towers, for structural steel, 271-272 definition of, 192 Braced non-compact sections, strength design for, 318 Bracing Bracket) for reinforced concrete, special provisions for, 201-202, 2 11-2 12 Brick masonry, 603-606 construction of, 604-606 grouting, 604-605 m
43、aterials for, 603-604 measurement for, 606 payment for, 606 Brick railings, 638 Bridge( s) aluminum, 337 highway clearances for, 8, 8f location of, 3 Bridge deck joint seals, 635-636 Bridge seats for brick masonry, 605-606 for concrete block masonry, 605-606 sliding surfaces of, 400 Bronze alloy bea
44、rings fabrication requirements for, 626 material requirements for, 620 Bronze castings, allowable stress for, 293 Buckiing testing requirements for, 63 1 of compression flanges, 336 of corrugations, in soil-corrugated metal structure interactions systems load factor design for, 342 service load desi
45、gn for, 341 of drilled shafts, 109 of driven piles, 105 in soil-thermoplastic pipe interactions systems load factor design for, 433 in plastic pipe, 434 service load design for, 432433 of steel tunnel liner plates, 405 of web, 336 Bundled bars, development of, for reinforced concrete, 220 Buoyancy d
46、esign provisions for, 30 in driven pile design, 74 Bursting forces, on anchorage devices for prestressed concrete, Butt welds, allowable stress for, 287 Buttresses, for gravity and semi-gravity retaining walls, design 245 of, 128 C Camber for glued laminated timber, 377 for heat curved rolled beams,
47、 267-268 for heat curved welded plate girders, 267-268 for steel grid flooring, 588 for structural composite lumber, 377 for structural steel, 267 for trusses, for structural steel, 269 Camber diagram, for steel structures, 566 Cantilevered retaining walls, definition of, 174 Cantilevered slabs, loa
48、d distribution to, 36-37 Cap) for steel H-piles, 77 for timber structures, 611 INDEX 801 Capacity, of foundations, 43 Capacity modification factor, for plastic pipe, in soil- Casings, for drilled piles and shafts, 500,501-502 Cast-in-place concrete piles, 76 Cast-in-place post-tensioned bridges, 228
49、-229 Cast-in-place reinforced concrete arch, in soil-reinforced Cast-in-place reinforced concrete box, in soil-reinforced Cast iron thermoplastic pipe interactions systems, 434 manufacture of, 490 concrete structure interaction systems, 423424 concrete structure interaction systems, 424-426 allowable stress for, 293 material requirements for, 257 allowable stress for, 293,294t material requirements for, 257 iron and steel, for steel structures, 569 for timber structures, 608 Cast steel Castings CDP (cotton duck elastomeric pads), rotation in, 399 Cellular walls, for earth retaining syst
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