AASHTO MBE-2018 The Manual for Bridge Evaluation (3rd Edition).pdf

1、 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 249 Washington, DC 20001 202-624-5800 phone/202-62

2、4-5806 fax www.transportation.org Cover photos: Top Left: Photo of a demonstration of Olson Instruments Bridge Deck Scanner system on a bridge taken by Larry Olson, Olson Engineering, Inc. Second Left: Photo of a through truss bridge taken by Thomas Drda, FHWA. Third Left: Photo courtesy of Idaho De

3、partment of Transportation. Bottom Left: Photo of an inspection of a deck truss bridge using an under bridge inspection truck. Taken by John Thiel, FHWA. Right: Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge in Boston, MA. Courtesy of Shay Burrows, FHWA. 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Tr

4、ansportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law. ISBN: 978-1-56051-683-5 Pub Code: MBE-3 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.i EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 2

5、0172018 Voting Members OFFICERS: PRESIDENT: John Schroer, Tennessee* VICE PRESIDENT: Carlos Braceras, Utah* SECRETARY-TREASURER: Scott Bennett, Arkansas* EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Bud Wright, Washington, D. C. REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVES: REGION I: Jennifer Cohan, Delaware Pete Rahn, Maryland REGION II: Jame

6、s Bass, Texas Russell McMurry, Georgia REGION III: Patrick McKenna, Missouri Joe McGuinness, Indiana REGION IV: Mike Tooley, Montana Roger Millar, Washington IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT: David Bernhardt, Maine *Elected at the 2017 Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona 2018 by the American Association of S

7、tate Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.This page intentionally left blank. ii 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.iii HI

8、GHWAY COMMITTEE ON BRIDGES AND STRUCTURES, 2017 GREGG C. FREDRICK, Chair BRUCE V. JOHNSON, Vice Chair JOSEPH L. HARTMANN, Federal Highway Administration, Secretary PATRICIA BUSH, AASHTO Liaison ALABAMA, William “Tim” Colquett, Eric J. Christie, Randall B. Mullins ALASKA, Richard A. Pratt ARIZONA, Da

9、vid L. Eberhart, David A. Benton, Pe-Shen Yang ARKANSAS, Charles “Rick” Ellis CALIFORNIA, Thomas A. Ostrom, Gudmund Setberg, Dolores Valls COLORADO, Behrooz Far, Stephen Harrelson, Jessica Martinez CONNECTICUT, Timothy Fields DELAWARE , Barry Benton, Jason Hastings DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, Konjit “Conn

10、ie” Eskender, Donald Cooney, Richard Kenney FLORIDA, Sam Fallaha, William Potter, Jeff Pouliotte GEORGIA, Bill DuVall HAWAII , James Fu IDAHO, Matthew M. Farrar ILLINOIS, Carl Puzey, Tim A. Armbrecht INDIANA, Anne M. Rearick, Merril Dougherty, Jeremy Hunter IOWA , Norman L. McDonald, Ahmad Abu-Hawas

11、h KANSAS, Mark Hoppe, John P. Jones, Curt Niehaus KENTUCKY, Bart Asher, Marvin Wolfe LOUISIANA, Paul Fossier, Arthur DAndrea, Zhengzheng “Jenny” Fu MAINE, Wayne Funkhauser, Jeffrey S. Folsom, Michael Wight MARYLAND, Jeffrey L. Robert, Gregory Roby MASSACHUSETTS, Alexander K. Bardow, Thomas Donald, J

12、oseph Rigney MICHIGAN, Matthew Chynoweth, David Juntunen MINNESOTA, Arielle Erlich, Kevin Western MISSISSIPPI, Justin Walker, Aaron Cagle, Scott Westerfield MISSOURI, Dennis Heckman, Scott Stotlemeyer MONTANA, Kent M. Barnes, Amanda Jackson, David Johnson NEBRASKA, Mark J. Traynowicz, Mark Ahlman, F

13、ouad Jaber NEVADA, Jessen Mortensen, Troy Martin NEW HAMPSHIRE , L. Robert Landry, David Scott NEW JERSEY , Nagnath “Nat” Kasbekar, Xiaohua “Hannah” Cheng, Eli D. Lambert NEW MEXICO , Raymond M. Trujillo, Ted L. Barber, Kathy Crowell NEW YORK , Richard Marchione, Brenda Crudele, Ernest Holmberg NORT

14、H CAROLINA, Brian Hanks, Scott Hidden, Gichuru Muchane NORTH DAKOTA, Jon Ketterling OHIO, Timothy J. Keller, Alexander B.C. Dettloff OKLAHOMA, Steven Jacobi, Walter Peters OREGON, Bruce V. Johnson, Hormoz Seradj, Tanarat Potisuk PENNSYLVANIA, Thomas P. Macioce, James M. Long, Lou Ruzzi PUERTO RICO,

15、(Vacant) RHODE ISLAND, Georgette Chahine SOUTH CAROLINA, Terry B. Koon, Jeff Sizemore SOUTH DAKOTA, Steve Johnson TENNESSEE, John S. Hastings TEXAS, Gregg A. Freeby, Bernie Carrasco, Jaime F. Farris U.S. DOT, Joseph L. Hartmann UTAH, Carmen Swanwick, Cheryl Hersh Simmons, Rebecca Nix VERMONT, Wayne

16、B. Symonds, James LaCroix VIRGINIA, Kendal “Ken” Walus, Prasad L. Nallapaneni, Andrew Zickler WASHINGTON , Thomas E. Baker, Tony M. Allen, Bijan Khaleghi WEST VIRGINIA , Billy Varney, Ahmed Mongi WISCONSIN , Scot Becker, William C. Dreher, William Oliva WYOMING , Gregg C. Fredrick, Mike E. Menghini,

17、 Paul Cortez, Jeffrey Booher DELAWARE RIVER AND BAY AUTHORITY, Shoukry Elnahal GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE, HIGHWAY, AND TRANSPORTATION DISTRICT, Kary H. Witt MARYLAND TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY, Dan Williams N.J. TURNPIKE AUTHORITY, Richard J. Raczynski N.Y. STATE BRIDGE AUTHORITY, William J. Moreau 2018 by t

18、he American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.iv PENN. TURNPIKE COMMISSION, James L. Stump U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERSDEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, Phillip W. Sauser, Christopher H. Westbrook U.S. COAST GUARD, Kama

19、l Elnahal U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTUREFOREST SERVICE, John R. Kattell SASKATCHEWAN, Howard Yea TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARDWaseem Dekelbab 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.v FOREWORD T

20、he Manual for Bridge Evaluation (MBE) was first adopted by the AASHTO Highways Subcommittee on Bridges and Structures in 2005. The MBE combined the Manual for Condition Evaluation of Bridges with the Guide Manual for Condition Evaluation and Load and Resistance Factor Rating (LRFR) of Highway Bridge

21、s to provide owners with a single document for evaluating and load rating bridges. The Manual for Bridge Evaluation, Third Edition incorporates the Interim Revisions issued to the Second Edition, as well as many other improvements. In order to better address the evolving requirements and technology

22、related to bridge management systems, Section 3: Bridge Management Systems has been completely revised and updated. AASHTO Highways Subcommittee on Bridges and Structures 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation o

23、f applicable law.vi PREFACE The Manual for Bridge Evaluation (MBE) offers assistance to Bridge Owners at all phases of bridge inspection and evaluation. An abbreviated table of contents follows this preface. Detailed tables of contents precede Sections 1 through 8. Appendix A includes nine illustrat

24、ive examples (A1 through A9), previously in the Guide Manual for Condition Evaluation and Load and Resistance Factor Rating (LRFR) of Highway Bridges, and two more (A10 and A11) that were added in the Interim Revisions for the Second Edition of this title. All examples are rated using the LRFR metho

25、d. In addition, Examples A1 and A2 are also rated using the ASR and LFR methods, A4 is also rated using the ASR method, and A11 is also rated using the LFR method. To clarify which rating method is being illustrated, examples using multiple methods are generally divided into Parts A through C and th

26、eir articles are numbered accordingly as follows: Part A, LRFR; Part B, ASR and LFR; and Part C, example summary.For ease of reference, the table of contents for Appendix A includes a summary table of the bridge types, ratedmembers, rating live loads, limit states for evaluation, and rating methods,

27、 with the starting page number for each example and, in the case of Examples A1, A2, A4, and A11, for each rating method. The typical detailed table of contents follows this summary table. Appendix A includes numerous citations of other AASHTO bridge publications. To save space, the following shorth

28、and has been adopted: “AASHTO Standard Specifications” refers to the current edition of the AASHTO Standard Specifications forHighway Bridges, 17th Edition, HB-17, “LRFD Design” refers to the current edition of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, Eighth Edition,LRFD-8, and “MBE” refers to

29、this publication, The Manual for Bridge Evaluation, Third Edition, MBE-3.AASHTO Publications Staff 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.vii ABBREVIATED TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1: INTRODUCTI

30、ON 1-i SECTION 2: BRIDGE FILES AND DOCUMENTATION 2-i SECTION 3: BRIDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 3-i SECTION 4: INSPECTION 4-i SECTION 5: MATERIAL TESTING5-i SECTION 6: LOAD RATING .6-i SECTION 7: FATIGUE EVALUATION OF STEEL BRIDGES .7-i SECTION 8: NONDESTRUCTIVE LOAD TESTING 8-i APPENDIX A: ILLUSTRATIVE E

31、XAMPLES . A-i 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS 1-i 1.1PURPOSE 1-2 1.2SCOPE . 1-2 1.3APPLICABILITY 1-2 1.4QUALITY 1-2 1.4.1 Provisions to Support

32、the NBIS Requirements 1-3 1.4.2QC/QA Procedures 1-3 1.5DEFINITIONS AND TERM INOLOGY . 1-4 1.6REFERENCES 1-6 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.1-ii THE MANUAL FOR BRIDGE EVALUATION, THIRD E

33、DITION This page intentionally left blank. 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE The purpose of The Manual for Bridge Evaluation (MBE) is to serve as a reso

34、urce for use in developing specific policy and procedures for the inspection and evaluation of existing in-service highway bridges. The MBE also includes the nationally recognized guidance for the load rating of highway bridges. The National Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS), as found in the Code o

35、f Federal Regulations (23 CFR 650 Subpart C), define the regulations for the inspection and evaluation of the nations bridges. The MBE is incorporated by reference in the CFR (23 CFR 650 Subpart C) to be used along with other reference documents such as the American Association of State Highway and

36、Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Manual for Bridge Element Inspection, the Federal Highway Administrations (FHWA) Bridge Inspectors Reference Manual (BIRM), and the latest National Bridge Inventory (NBI) coding guidance document for the inspection and evaluation of the nations bridges. The NBIS hav

37、e evolved and been improved over the years since their creation in the early 1970s. The MBE has also evolved and been revised and improved to reflect best practices as determined by research, state departments of transportation (DOTs), and others. In the future as improved practices and research are

38、 developed, the MBE will reflect those improvements. Throughout this Manual there are subsections titled in part “Provisions to Support the NBIS Requirements.” These subsections were developed to provide specific guidance and best practices that are considered to be required under the regulations. 1

39、.2 SCOPE The Manual has been divided into eight Sections, with each Section representing a distinct phase of an overall bridge inspection and evaluation program. Section 1P urpose, scope, applicability, inspection and evaluation quality measures, and definition ofgeneral interest terms. Section 2P r

40、ovisions for proper documentation tobe included in a bridge file. The bridge fileassociated with each bridge provides the foundationagainst which changes in physical condition can becompared. 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplica

41、tion is a violation of applicable law.1-2 THE MANUAL FOR BRIDGE EVALUATION, THIRD EDITION Section 3 Overview of bridge managementsystems and their key elements. Section 4T ypes and frequency of fieldinspections, as well as specific inspectiontechniques and procedures. Section 5V arious inspection an

42、d evaluationtesting methods. Conditions at a bridge site or theabsence of information from original constructionmay warrant more elaborate material tests todetermine properties for evaluation. Section 6N ationally recognized specification forthe load rating of bridges. Includes the Load andResistanc

43、e Factor method, the Load Factor method,and the Allowable Stress method. Section 7P rovisions for the evaluation of existingbridges for fatigue. Section 8F ield-performed load test procedures. Field load testing is a means of supplementing analytical procedures in determining the live-load capacity

44、of a bridge and for improving the confidence in the assumptions.The successful application of this Manual is directly related to the DOT organizational structure. Such a structure should be both effective and responsive so that the unique characteristics and special problems of individual bridges ar

45、e considered in developing an appropriate inspection plan and load capacity determination. 1.3 APPLICABILITY The provisions of this Manual apply to all highway structures that qualify as bridges in accordance with the AASHTO definition of a bridge (see Article 1.5). These provisions may be applied t

46、o smaller structures which do not qualify as bridges at the discretion of the DOT. The NBIS establish minimum requirements for inspection programs and minimum qualifications for bridge inspection personnel. The NBIS apply to all highway bridges that are more than 20 ft in length and located on publi

47、c roads. Where conflicts or inconsistencies exist between this Manual and the federal requirements specified in the NBIS, the FHWA coding guidance, or BIRM, the federal requirements shall govern. 1.4 QUALITY To maintain the accuracy and consistency of inspections and load ratings, bridge inspection

48、programs need to have appropriate quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) measures in place. QC procedures are intended to maintain the quality of the bridge inspections, bridge data, scour evaluations, and load ratings, and are usually performed continuously 2018 by the American Association

49、 of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1-3within the bridge inspection teams or units performing these functions. QC procedures can vary depending on the structural and scour conditions of a bridge with increased level of review commensurate with increased deterioration of bridge conditions. QA procedures are used to verify the adequacy of the qua