1、AECMA STANDARD NORME AECMA AECMA NORM Edition approved for publication 2001-02-28 prEN 2591 -1 O0 Edition P I February 2001 I Comments should be sent within six months after the date of publication to AECMA Gulledelle 94 6-1200 BRUXELLES PUBLISHED BY THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES
2、(AECMA) Gulledelle 94 - 6-1200 BRUXELLES - Tel. (+32) 2 775 81 10 - Fax. (+32) 2 775 81 11 ICs: 49.060 Descriptors: Aerospace industry, aircraft equipment, elements of electrical and optical connection ENGLISH VERSION Aerospace series Elements of electrical and optical connection Test methods Part 1
3、00: General . Srie arospatiale Luft- und Raumfahrt Mthodes dessais Prfverfahren Organes de connexion lectrique et optique Partie 100: Gnralits Elektrische und optische Verbindungselemente Teil 100: Allgemeines This Herospace Series“ Prestandard has been drawn up under the responsibility of AECMA (Th
4、e European Association of Aerospace Industries). It is published on green paper for the needs of AECMA- Members. It has been technically approved by the experts of the concerned Technical Committee following comment by the Member countries. Subsequent to the publication of this Prestandard, the tech
5、nical content shall not be changed to an extent that interchangeability is affected, physically or functionally, without re-identification of the standard. After examination and signature of the AECMA Standard Checking Centre (NPS) and formal agreement of the Official Services of the Member countrie
6、s it will be submitted as a draft European Standard to CEN (European Committee for Standardization) for formal vote. Nota - Extra copies can be supplied by B.N.A.E. - Technopolis 54 - 199, rue Jean-Jacques Rousseau - 92138 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX CEDEX C2 Chairman Mr Pezzetta I I aecma 20( COPYRIGHT Ass
7、ociation Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 3 prEN 2591-100: 2001 I Scope This standard specifies the general requirements for the methods of testing elements of electrical, optical and data transmission system connections used in aerospace
8、 applications. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendmen
9、ts to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. IS0 468 IEC 50 (581) IEC 512-1 EN 2083 EN 2084 EN 2234 EN 2346 EN 2591* EN 3745-201
10、 TR 4257 Surface roughness - Parameters, their values and general rules for specifying requirements International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Chapter 581 : Electromechanical components for electronic equipment Electromechanical components for electronic equipment: basic testing procedures and meas
11、uring methods - Part 1 : General Aerospace series - Copper or copper alloy conductors for electrical cables - Product standard 1) Aerospace series - Cables, electric, single-core, general purpose, with conductors in copper or copper alloy - Technical specification 2) Aerospace series - Cables, elect
12、rical, fire-resistant - Technical spcification 2) Aerospace series - Fire resistant electrical cables - Dimensions, conductor resistance and mass 2) Aerospace series - Elements of electrical and optical connection - Test methods Aerospace series - Fibres and cables, optical, aircraft use - Test meth
13、ods - Part 201: Visual examination 2) Aerospace series - Elements of electrical and optical connection - Relationship between the numbering systems for parts of EN 2591 3) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply: See IEC 50 (581) and IEC 5
14、12-1. 3.1 element of electrical or optical connection 4) component such as connector, module, etc., the purpose of which is to ensure the connection of circuits 3.2 flight cover (or protective cover) accessory designed to ensure, in flight, mechanical protection and sealing of front face of a non co
15、upled connector * All parts quoted in table 1 1) Published as AECMA Standard at the date of publication of this standard 2) Published as AECMA Prestandard at the date of publication of this standard 3) Published as AECMA Technical Report at the date of publication of this standard 4) In test standar
16、ds the term “element of connection“ shall be used. COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 4 prEN 2591-100: 2001 3.3 connector with built-in protection of contacts connector with characteristics such that male or female con
17、tacts, mounted in a plug or receptacle, cannot come into contact with the front of the connector to which it is coupled (scoop-proof) and in which, in the event of accidental coupling of two parts or the connector equipped with male contacts, no electrical contact can take place 3.4 contact pressure
18、 point point at which a square ended gauge pin of the same basic diameter as the mating contact first engages the female contact spring member 3.5 initial measurement examination or measurement of characteristics carried out to determine the magnitude of the variations produced by the stress or stre
19、sses applied This examination or measurement is carried out at the end of pre-conditioning and under normal atmospheric conditions for measuring. 3.6 final measurement examination or measurement of characteristics carried out at the end of the recovery to assess the condition of the specimen after t
20、esting and to determine the magnitude of the variations in characteristics in relation to the values recorded at initial measuring 3.7 flammability a product is considered to be “non-flammable“ when combustion due to exposure for a given duration to a standard external flame remains localized and st
21、ops spontaneously after withdrawal of the flame 3.8 fire resistance a product is considered to be “fire-resistant“ when, subjected to a standard flame: - it retains its electrical role for six minutes; - the flame does not propagate to the other side of the support in the first twenty minutes. 3.9 v
22、alues of alternating voltage and current unless otherwise indicated, alternating voltage and current are indicated in root mean square values 3.1 O line data bus pair of twisted wires, shielded, having a specified impedance, a matched impedance at its two ends and used for data transport 3.1 I branc
23、h line section of twisted wires, shielded, with a specified impedance, which connects equipment to a bus line 3.12 line coupler element of electrical or optical connection the purpose of which is to shunt the transmission signals from a bus line to equipment 3.13 line coupler, single coupler consist
24、ing of one line and one branch COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 5 prEN 2591-100: 2001 3.14 line coupler, double coupler consisting of one line and two branches 3.1 5 in-line splice permanent element of electrical or
25、optical connection for two-wire cables 3.1 6 line termination end line component the purpose of which is to match the bus line to its characteristic impedance 3.1 7 branch termination end branch termination the purpose of which is to eventually replace equipment 3.1 8 recovery treatment of a specime
26、n, after conditioning, so that the properties of the specimen may be stabilized before measuring 3.1 9 optical fibre cable a certain number of optical fibres or bundles, coated separately and joined inside a common sheath 3.20 beam splitter device for dividing an optical beam into two separate beams
27、 3.21 insertion loss (of an optical element) extra optical attenuation caused by the insertion of an extra optical element into an optical system 3.22 launch angle the launch angle is the angle between the wave propagation vector of the incoming light and the normal vector of an optic fibre end face
28、 3.23 multimode fibre a multimode fibre is an optical fibre having a large core diameter dimension in relation to the wavelength of the light, and in which a large number of modes can propagate 3.24 optical port the port which radiates or accepts optical power at the interface 3.25 fiber optic branc
29、hing device a device possessing three or more optical ports which shares optical power among its ports in a predetermined fashion 3.26 patchord an assembly where the cable or fibre is terminated at each end with either a plug or socket connector COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de M
30、ateriel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 6 prEN 2591-100: 2001 3.27 pigtail a pigtail is a short length of fibre between a component and a transmission fibre, often permanently secured to the component (LED, coupler, connection elements, .) 1 3.28 single mode fiber a single mod
31、e fibre is an optical fibre in which only one mode can propagate 3.29 passive coupler a passive coupler is a passive branching device in which power from one or more incoming optical ports is distributed to one or more outgoing optical ports 3.30 tee coupler an optical fibre tee coupler is a passive
32、 coupler or combiner with three optical ports 3.31 return loss light energy reflected back from discontinuities in a fibre optic link 3.32 light launch system LLS device designed to create defined and repeatable light coupling conditions in a test setup 3.33 light detection system LDS device designe
33、d to take repeatable measurements of light transmitted by a test setup 3.34 temporary joint non permanent optical fibre connecting devices for use on equipment 3.35 terminator a non-reflective termination of an optical fibre 3.36 Optical fibre - Core - Cladding - Primary coating - Refractive index p
34、rofile - Step index fibre - Graded index fibre - Quasi-step index fibre - Core diameter - Cladding diameter - Concentricity error corelcladding - Non circularity of core - Non circularity of cladding - Attenuation - Numerical aperture - Bandwith For the following terms, see EN 3745-201 4 Standard te
35、st conditions 4. I The test methods are written so that the test may be carried out either individually or included in a test sequence. When the test is carried out individually, the measurements are applicable so that the effect of the test on the performances of the specimen can be evaluated. This
36、 is why “if applicable“ has been added to the titles “Initial measurements“ and “Final measurements“. COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 7 prEN 2591-100: 2001 4.2 conditions shall be as follows: Unless otherwise indica
37、ted in the test method, technical specification or product standard, the test - temperature: (23 15) OC; - atmospheric pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa (860 mbar to 1060 mbar); - relative humidity: 45 % to 75 %. The temperature and humidity shall remain constant throughout a series of measurements. Unles
38、s otherwise indicated in the technical specification, the cables used for tests shall be in accordance with EN 2083 and EN 2084 or EN 2234 and EN 2346 and EN 3745. 4.3 Others 4.3.1 Fibre end preparation 4.3.1.1 General The aim of this paragraph is to give recommendations on preparing the ends of fib
39、res, whether terminated or not. It is not intended to describe a precise method for fibre end preparation; instead it gives the information necessary to describe and quantify fibre and quality. This paragraph is applicable therefore to all tests which require the use of at least one optical interfac
40、e of this type. It applies to all types of fibre, silica, plastic or a combination of these and other materials, irrespective of their diameter. 4.3.1.2 Parameters The following parameters define the quality of a fibre end: - surface condition; - perpendicularity of the optical face relative to the
41、axis of symmetry of the fibre; - surface flatness. Surface condition (see figure 1) The face of the optical fibre shall not exhibit any nicking or lips and internal defects such as cracks 5). Surface defects (hackle and mist zone) of the fibre core area shall not exceed 0,5 pm in size. A standard re
42、presentation of the surface condition shall be adopted in accordance with IS0 468. Figure 1 5) Cracks made by a cleaving tool are acceptable if they dont reach the core area. COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 8 prEN 2
43、591-100: 2001 Perpendicularity (see figure 2) The surface of the prepared fibre shall be perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the fibre unless otherwise specified in the product standard. The permitted defect shall be represented by a maximum permitted angle a. CI I1 degree Figure 2 Surface flat
44、ness (see figure 3) The surface of the prepared fibre shall be as flat as possible unless otherwise specified in the product standard. Concavity and convexity shall be such that the maximum deviation between the highest and lowest points of the fibre surface envelope shall not exceed 3 pm. 4.3. X= p
45、m Methods Figure 3 Any method of fibre end preparation is acceptable provided that the parameters defined in 4.3.1.2 are within the range specified. NOTE following techniques may be used: cleaving, polishing. Depending on the recommendations of the fibrelcablelconnector manufacturers, any of the 4.3
46、.1.4 Specimen examination and acceptance Any method, optical or otherwise, which enables defects of the size quoted in 4.3.1.2 to be assessed, shall be acceptable. The methods may use systems which are as simple as a microscope with appropriate magnification for the measurement or as sophisticated a
47、s an interferometry test bench. A specimen shall be accepted when all the above parameters comply with the values defined in 4.3.1.2. 4.3.2 Termination cleaning 4.3.2.1 General To ensure satisfactory optical coupling performance between any two elements in a link, it is essential that both interface
48、s are clean. The aim of this paragraph is to give the type of information required for cleaning an optical face and to state where such information is available. COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 9 prEN 2591-100: 2001
49、 4.3.2.2 Required information The information required for cleaning the end of an optical fibre, whether terminated or not, essentially involves recommending the use of components and/or tools. A list shall therefore give the recommended components, products and/or tools, those not on the list not being allowed. These recommendations shall be specific to each fibre/cable/connector manufacturer and shall appear in the product standard. One requirement is however that where solvents are necessary, they shall not harm the ozone layer, and shall require minimum protection for the
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