AECMA PREN 4050-1-1996 Aerospace Series Test Method for Metallic Materials Ultrasonic Inspection of Bars Plates Forging Stock and Forgings Part 1 General Requirements Edition P 1《金.pdf

1、 STD-AECMA PREN 4050-1-ENGL 177b H L0123L3 0032077 559 Edition approved for publication 1 996-0 1 -3 1 AECMA STANDARD NORME AECMA AECMA NORM Comments should be sent within six months after the date of publication to AECMA Gulledelle 94 6-1 200 BRUXELLES prEN 4050-1 Edition P 1 January 1996 PUBLISHED

2、 BY THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES (AECMA) Gulledelle 94 - B-1200 BRUXELLES - Tel. (32) 2 775 81 10 - Fax. (32) 2 775 81 11 ICs Descriptors : ENGLISH VERSION Aerospace series Test method for metallic materials Ultrasonic inspection of bars, plates, forging stock and forgings Part 1

3、 : General requirements Srie arospatiale Luft- und Raumfahrt Mthode dessai applicable Prfverfahren fr aux matriaux mtalliques metallische Werkstoffe Contrle par ultrasons de barres, plaques, demi-produit pour forgeage et pices forges Partie 1 : Exigences gnrales Ultraschallprfung von Stangen, Platte

4、n, Schmiedevormaterial und Schmiedestcken Teil 1 : Allgemeine Anforderungen This “Aerospace Series“ Prestandard has been drawn up under the responsibility of AECMA (The European Association of Aerospace Industries). It is published on green paper for the needs of AECMA-Members. It has been technical

5、ly approved by the experts of the concerned Technical Committee following comment by the Member countries. Subsequent to the publication of this Prestandard, the technical content shall not be changed to an extent that interchangeability is affected, physically or functionally, without re-identifica

6、tion of the standard. After examnation and signature of the AECMA Standard Checking Centre (NPS) and formal agreement of the Official Services of the Member countries it will be submitted as a draft European Standard to CEN (European Committee for Standardization) for formal vote. Nota - Extra copie

7、s can be supplied by B.N.A.E. - Technopolis 54 - 199, rue Jean-Jacaues Rousseau - 921 38 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX CEDEX C5 Chairman Mr Odorico I I aecma 1996 Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or

8、networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 2 prEN 4050-1 : 1996 Contents list Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Scope 3 Normative references . 3 3 Method Definitions 4 Standard test blocks 8 . 9 Test equipment Preparation of items for testing . 9 Beam angle 9 Scanning modes 9 Acceptance cr

9、iteria 1 O Qualification and approval of personnel 1 O 10 Inspection and test report . Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-STDmAECMA PREN 4

10、050-1-ENGL 179b = LOL231L 0012081 107 Page 3 prEN 4050-1 : 1996 1 Scope This standard defines the ultrasonic inspection procedure for rolled, drawn, extruded and forged billets, bars and plates, rolled rings and forgings with a uniform square, rectangular or round cross section. It does not cover cr

11、itical rotating parts in steel, titanium, titanium alloys, aluminium alloys and heat resisting alloys that are to be inspected in accordance with the technical supply conditions of the relevant EN standards or internal specifications. For products with geometries other than those described above, th

12、e test conditions and acceptance criteria shall be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text an

13、d the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. E

14、N 2000 EN 2078 EN 4050-2 EN 4050-3 EN 4050-4 EN 4179 Aerospace series - Quality assurance - EN aerospace products - Approval of the quality system of manufacturers Aerospace series - Metallic materials - Manufacturing schedule - Inspection schedule - Inspection and test report - Description and rule

15、s for use Aerospace series - Test method for metallic materials - Ultrasonic inspection of bars, plates, forging stock and forgings - Part 2 : Performance of test 1) Aerospace series - Test method for metallic materials - Ultrasonic inspection of bars, plates, forging stock and forgings - Part 3 : R

16、eference blocks 1) Aerospace series - Test method for metallic materials - Ultrasonic inspection of bars, plates, forging stock and forgings - Part 4 : Acceptance criteria 1) Aerospace series - Qualification and approval of personnel for non-destructive testing 1) 3 Method The inspection shall be ma

17、de in accordance with the contact or immersion method depending on the requirements of the material standard. Echo indications are classified by comparison with the indications of flat bottom holes (FBH) of specific diameter, drilled in test blocks that shall be acoustically similar to the material

18、to be tested or have suitable correction curves to ensure equivalency, or in accordance with the DGS (Distance Gain Size) method. The method to be applied in each case shall be documented in the form of an ultrasonic technique sheet which if agreed with the purchaser shall be referenced on the order

19、 or in an inspection schedule in accordance with EN 2078. 1) Published as AECMA Prestandard at the date of publication of this standard - Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking perm

20、itted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 4 prEN 4050-1 : 1996 The following information shall be given : - testing location ; - material ; - surface and machined condition (round, square, surface ground, turned, peeled, burnished, etc.) ; - equipment including transducers ; - calibration standards ;

21、- couplant ; - setting up procedure ; - inspection procedure ; - attenuation ; - methods used for distance amplitude correction (DAC) ; - scan plan ; - method of recording results ; - defect evaluation procedure ; - scan pitch ; - scan speed ; - scan overlap ; - inspection classification ; - control

22、 checks ; - traceability ; - inspection limitations ; - any other relevant data. 4 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply : 4.1 Manufacturer See EN 2000. 4.2 Purchaser Body which purchases the products from a manufacturer or a stockist in accordance with the r

23、equirements of the user. NOTE : The purchaser may also be the user. 4.3 User See EN 2000. 4.4 Attenuation Reduction of the sound energy by absorption and scattering. 4.5 Multiple discontinuities Indications whose spacing to one another is below the specified limits. 4.6 Linear discontinuity Indicati

24、on with a half-value length 2 3 times the length of the indications from a reference reflector of maximum permissible size. Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without

25、license from IHS-,-,- STD-AECMA PREN 4050-1-ENGL 177b 1012311 0012A3 TAT Page 5 prEN 4050-1 : 1996 4.7 Size of discontinuity Diameter of the circular reflector which produces an echo height equal to the echo height of the discontinuity to be evaluated at the same depth. 4.8 Distance amplitude correc

26、tion (DAC) Electronic change of amplification to provide equal amplitude heights from reflectors of equal area at different depths. 4.9 Distance/amplitude curve correction Compensation for attenuation and coupling differences between the material to be tested and the standard test blocks is only pos

27、sible if the material to be tested has parallel surfaces or if surfaces can be partly machined. Those surfaces shall be parallel within 0,05 mm. 4.1 O A graphical plot of the echo amplitude of targets drilled at different depths in specified test blocks at a predetermined water gap (immersion techni

28、que) or using a specific coupling medium (contact technique). Distance/amplitude curve in metal NOTE : The shape of the distance/amplitude curve in metal is mainly affected by : - the structure of the test block, which will influence the sound transmission characteristics; - the transducer character

29、istics; - the geometry and size of the targets. 4.1 I The water distance/amplitude curve immersion technique) A graphical plot of the amplitude of the echo reflected from a 2,5 mm diameter steel ball against distance from the probe face. 4.12 Distance amplitude curves permitting prediction of reflec

30、tor site compared to response from FBH and back surface reflection. An example of a DGS diagram for a certain product is given in EN 4050-2. Distance Gain Size (DGS) diagram 4.13 Effective probe diameter The effective probe diameter will always be less than its actual dimension. It is calculated fro

31、m the following basic formula : Where 1 d is the effective probe diameter in millimetres C N f is the velocity of sound in water, in millimetres per second is near field length measured, in millimetres is the measured frequency, in hertz 4.14 Near field Region of the ultrasonic beam extending from t

32、he transducer up to “N“ or “Nh“ point (see 4.21) in which the ultrasonic beam is subject to variation of intensity due to interference effects. Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networkin

33、g permitted without license from IHS-,-,-STD-AECMA PREN Y050-L-ENGL 177b 10L2311 00L208 71b D Page 6 prEN 4050-1 : 1996 4.1 5 Far field Region of the ultrasonic beam from “N“ or “Nh“ point (see 4.21) onwards in which reflectors give uniform decrease of amplitude with increasing distance. 4.16 Horizo

34、ntal linearity The ability of the ultrasonic testing system to respond in a linear manner to reflectors at different depths in a uniform transmission medium. 4.17 Vertical linearity The ability of the ultrasonic testing system to respond with indications whose amplitudes are proportional to a range

35、of areas of reflectors at the same depth in a uniform transmission medium. 4.18 Distance/amplitude method Method of direct evaluation of indications from the test item by comparing the signal height with a reference reflector in a similar material at the same metal path length. 4.19 Half-value metho

36、d Method of evaluating the reflector size when the defect size is smaller than the effective test beam diameter in which the transducer is moved away from the point of maximum reflection in two rectangular axes until the echo height reduces to half of its maximum. 4.20 Standard test block method Ind

37、irect method of evaluating indications from the test item by comparing the indications with known reflectors on the applicable standard test block. 4.21 “N“ and Nh“ points The position “N“ and “Nh“ points correspond to the final maximum on the relevant curve. The “N“ point is derived from the water

38、distance/amplitude curve. The “Nh“ point is derived from the distance/amplitude curve in metal. 4.22 Noise indications (grass) A large number of other than discrete signals at the baseline of the oscilloscope which can be caused by : - material structure ; - surface roughness ; - electrical interfer

39、ence, etc. 4.23 Resolution The ability to give separate indications from discontinuities having nearly the same range and lateral position. 4.24 Dead zone (top surface resolution) The minimum distance between the echo obtained from a FBH of the accepted diameter and depth and the intersection of top

40、 surface echo and the echo of the FBH when this difference in amplitude is 12 dB or more. Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- STD.AECMA PR

41、EN 4050-L-ENGL 177b LOLZ3LL DOL2085 852 Page 7 prEN 4050-1 : 1996 4.25 Back surface resolution The minimum distance between the echo obtained from a FBH of accepted diameter and the intersection of back surface echo and the echo of the FBH when this difference is 12 dB or more. 4.26 Flaw recognition

42、 level Any predetermined echo height, which if attained or exceeded, causes the indications to be registered 4.27 Reference reflector Reflector of known shape, size and position, whose reflection characteristics serve as a reference standard for unknown reflectors (bearing in mind acoustical laws).

43、4.28 Scanning path Systematic relative movement of the transducer along the surface of the test item. 4.29 Scanning pitchlindex The scanning pitch is the linear distance between adjacent scans. The scanning index is equal to the scanning speed divided by the pulse repetition frequency. The index and

44、 pitch distance depend on the effective beam width of the transducer and detectable defect size. 4.30 Expressed in terms of the backwall echo from a 25 mm thick reference plate representing the alloy to be investigated, or preferably using a reference standard test block. Reference sensitivity for t

45、he DGS method 4.31 Derived by taking into account the probe and flaw detector characteristics with respect to a reference reflector. Basic reference sensitivity for the FBH method 4.32 Working sensitivity The sum of the loss due to material attenuation to the reference sensitivity, during the calibr

46、ation. 4.33 Signal-to-noise ratio The ratio of the amplitude of an ultrasonic indication to the amplitude of the maximum background noise signal (grass), at the same depth. 4.34 Sound transmission characteristics The major characteristics affecting the transmission of the sound beam in the part to b

47、e tested are : - attenuation ; - noise level ; - sound velocity. The characteristics are strongly influenced by the material surface condition, and the material structure, particularly the grain size, grain morphology, phase distribution, homogeneity and grain flow. Copyright Association Europeene d

48、es Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- STD-AECMA PREN qOSO-L-ENGL L77b LOL23LL OOL20b 777 Page 8 prEN 4050-1 : 1996 4.35 Test beam diameter The test beam diameter will normal

49、ly correspond to the minimum diameter of the - 6 dB boundary of the ultrasonic beam measured at the “Nh“ point, or to an alternative local procedure (see figure 1). The test beam diameter shall be determined in a relevant manner, e.g. from a drilled hole in a material that represents the item under test where the hole depth corresponds to a specific point on the distance amplitude curve and the diameter of the hole cor