AGA REPORT 3-2-2016 Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon Fluids Part 2 Specification and Installation Requirements (Fifth Edition XQ1601).pdf

1、Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon FluidsConcentric, Square-edged Orifice MetersPart 2: Specification and Installation RequirementsAGA Report No. 3 Part 2Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 14.3.2American Gas Association 400 North Capitol Street, NW Washingto

2、n, DC 20001American Petroleum Institute1220 L Street, NWWashington, DC 20005FIFTH EDITION, MARCH 2016An American National StandardANSI/API MPMS Ch. 14.3.2/AGA Report No. 3, Part 2Special NotesThis AGA/API publication necessarily addresses problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circ

3、umstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither AGA and API nor any of AGAs or APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness,

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5、present that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.Users of this publication should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained

6、herein.This AGA/API publication may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by AGA/API to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in it; however, AGA/API makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly

7、 disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.This AGA/API publication is published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operat

8、ing practices. It is not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where this publication should be utilized. The formulation and publication of this AGA/API publication is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manu

9、facturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API

10、 standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from either the American Gas Association, 400 N. Capitol St.,

11、NW, Washington, DC 20001 or API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2016 American Gas Association and American Petroleum InstituteForewordNothing contained in this AGA/API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the ma

12、nufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in ord

13、er to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participatio

14、n in the developmental process and is designated as API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standard (MPMS) Chapter 14.3.1 and AGA Report No. 3, Part 1. Questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Pet

15、roleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication should be directed to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005 and to the Vice President, Operations and Engin

16、eering, American Gas Association, 400 N. Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001, and shall be handled in accordance with APIs Procedures for Standards Development.Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the Dire

17、ctor of Standards, American Petroleum Institute (as above) or the Vice President, Operations and Engineering, American Gas Association (as above).This AGA/API publication is reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added

18、 to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.A catalog of AGA Operations and Engineering publications,

19、 which is published and updated as needed and can be obtained by contacting AGA Operations and Engineering Department, phone (202) 824-7000 or web site http:/www.aga.org/knowledgecenter. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Wash

20、ington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org or Operations and Engineering Department, American Gas Association, 400 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001, http:/www.aga.org/knowledgecenter.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Construction and Installation Requirements .

22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, and Symbols. . . .

23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.2 Symbols/N

24、omenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Orifice Plate Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25、. . . 64.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.2 Orifice Plate Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 Orifice Plate Bore Edge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.4 Orifice Plate Bore Diameter (dm, dr) and Roundness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.5 Orifice Plate Bore Thickness (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.6 Orifice Plate Thickness (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.7 Orifice Plate Bevel () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Meter Tube Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.1 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.2 Orifice Plate Holders . . .

30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.3 Orifice Fittings Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.4 Pres

31、sure Taps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.5 Flow Conditioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32、. . . . . . . . . . . . 216 Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.2 Orifice Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.3 Meter Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316.4 Acceptable Pulsation Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316.5 Thermometer Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326.6 Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Annex A (i

36、nformative) Research Projects and Tests Conducted Between 1922 and 1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Annex B (informative) Orifice Meter Inspection Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Annex C (normative) Specific Installation Calibra

37、tion Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Annex D (normative) Flow Conditioner Performance Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Annex E (normative) Maximum Allowable Orifice Plate Differentia

38、l Pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Figures1 Symbols for Orifice Plate Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62a Orifice Plate Departure from Flatness (Measured at Edge of Orifice Bore an

39、d Within Inside Pipe Diameter) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72b Alternative Method for Determination of Orifice Plate Departure from Flatness (Departure from Flatness = h2 h1) . . . . . . . .

40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7vContentsPage2c Maximum Orifice Plate Departure from Flatness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Allowable Variations i

41、n Pressure Tap Hole Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 1998 Uniform Concentric 19-Tube Bundle Flow Straightener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Eccentricity Measurements (Sample Method) . . . . .

42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 Orifice Meter Tube Layout for Flanged or Welded Inlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Tables1 Roundness Tolerance for Orifice Plate Bore Diameter, dm. . . . . .

43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Orifice Plate Thickness and Maximum Allowable Differential Pressure Based on the

44、Structural Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Example Meter Tube Internal DiameterRoundness Tolerances Within First Mean Meter Tube Diameter Upstream of Orifice Plate . . . . . .

45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Example Meter Tube Internal Diameter Roundness TolerancesAll Upstream Meter Tube Individual Internal Diameter Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46、 . . . . 176 Maximum Tolerance of Orifice Plate Bore Eccentricity (x) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Orifice Meter Installation Requirements Without a Flow Conditioner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288a Orifice Meter Installat

47、ion Requirements With 1998 Uniform Concentric 19-Tube Bundle Flow Straightener for Meter Tube Upstream Length of 17Di UL 1.000 0.0005 in. per in. of diameteraUse of diameters below 0.45 in. are not prohibited, but may result in uncertainties greater than those specified in API MPMS Ch.14.3.1/AGA Rep

48、ort No. 3, Part 1.Table 2Linear Coefficient of Thermal ExpansionMaterialLinear Coefficient ofThermal Expansion ()USC(in./in. F)Metric Units(mm/mm C)Type 304/316 stainless steelc0.00000925 0.0000167Type 304 stainless steela0.00000961 0.0000173Type 316 stainless steela0.00000889 0.0000160Monel 400a0.0

49、0000772 0.0000139Carbon steelb0.00000620 0.0000112NOTE For flowing temperature limits or other materials, refer to the American Society for Metals (ASM) Metals Handbook, Engineering Properties of Steel, and Handbook of Stainless Steels.aFor flowing conditions between +32 F and +212 F for stainless steels and +68 F and +212 F for Monel.bFor flowing conditions between 7 F and +154 F, refer to API MPMS Ch. 12.2.1.cType 304/316 stainless steel linear coefficient of thermal expansion is the average of the type 304 and type 316 stainless steel coefficients.NOTE Over a te