1、 Residential Natural Gas Market Survey December 2010 (2009 Data) RESIDENTIAL NATURAL GAS MARKET SURVEY 2009 DATA 62ndAnnual Survey of the U.S. Natural Gas Utility Industry Published by the Policy Analysis Group American Gas Association 400 N. Capitol Street, NW, Suite 450 Washington, D.C. 20001 www.
2、aga.org Copyright December 2010 by the American Gas Association. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the permission of the copyright owner. AGA Catalog No. F00011 NOTICE In issuing and making this publication available, AGA is not undertaking to render profess
3、ional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is AGA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in
4、determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. The statements in this publication are for general information and represent an unaudited compilation of statistical information that could contain coding or processing errors. AGA makes no warranties, express or implied, nor re
5、presentations about the accuracy of the information in the publication or its appropriateness for any given purpose or situation. Information on the topics covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not cove
6、red by this publication. CONTENTS Introduction . 1 Executive Summary 2 United States Housing Market in 2009 . 4 New Housing Completions . 4 Existing Housing . 8 Residential Natural Gas Customers in 2009 . 11 Total Residential Customers . 11 House-Heating Customers 11 Natural Gas Customer and Unit Ad
7、ditions . 11 House-Heating Conversions . 11 Natural Gas Appliance Market Share and Consumption . 13 Market Share of Natural Gas Appliances in Residences 13 Natural Gas Consumption per Appliance . 16 Gas Hearth Shipments . 17 Residential Bill Payment Assistance Programs 17 Competitive Residential Ene
8、rgy Prices . 18 Appendix A Sales Customers, Consumption, and Revenue Data by Company Appendix B Transportation Customers and Consumption Data by Company Appendix C Changes in Customers and Consumption from Previous Year by Company Appendix D Metropolitan Statistical Area Natural Gas Market Shares Ap
9、pendix E U.S. Census Regions LIST OF TABLES Page 1. 2009 Private Housing Completions by Heating Fuel.5 2. Comparison of 2008 and 2009 Private Housing Completions6 3. Market Share of Private Housing Completions by Heating Fuel (1999-2009) .8 4. 2009 Household Space Heating Market Share9 5. Historic H
10、ousehold Space Heating Market Shares.10 6. 2009 Gas Customers and Unit Additions.12 7. Market Share of Natural Gas Space Heating 1987-2009.13 8. Market Share of Natural Gas Cooking 1987-200913 9. Market Share of Natural Gas Water Heating 1987-200914 10. Market Share of Natural Gas Clothes Drying 198
11、7-2009.14 11. Market Share of Natural Gas, 2009.15 12. Natural Gas Market Share by Sector, 2009.15 13. U.S. Natural Gas Customer Appliance Profile. .16 14. 2009 Annual Gas Consumption per Appliance by Region16 15. Hearth Industry Unit Shipments17 16. Energy Assistance and Energy Efficiency Contribut
12、ions.18 17. 2009 Competitive Fuel Prices19 LIST OF FIGURES Page 1. Gas Heat is Preferred in New Homes over Electricity and OilSingle Family Completions 1999-2009.3 2. Heating Market Share of All Private Housing Completions 1999-2009.7 1Introduction This years report is the 62ndannual Residential Nat
13、ural Gas Market Survey conducted by the American Gas Association (AGA). The data collected for 2009 provide a unique and comprehensive portrait of the residential natural gas market. Detailed information is presented by state and region, including customers, market share, inventory additions from ne
14、w homes, and conversions from alternative fuels. Company-specific data are reported in Appendices A, B and C. Appendix D presents natural gas market shares data for the metropolitan statistical areas. A total of 72 natural gas utility companies responded to this years survey. This is an increase fro
15、m the 64 utilities that responded to last years survey. Company-specific data were derived from the Energy Information Administrations Form 176 database. Incorporated in the survey results are data regarding new private housing completions as well as existing homes from the U.S. Bureau of the Census
16、. The source of these data is different from the statistics compiled from the survey respondents and should be evaluated separately. Our thanks go to those companies participating in this Residential Natural Gas Market Survey information-gathering effort. Their cooperation and support are essential
17、to making this publication a primary source of natural gas utility industry data and an important industry reference. 2Executive Summary In the United States, 61 percent of households, or 68 million customers, have natural gas service. Eighty-four percent of these natural gas customers used natural
18、gas for house heating. Natural gas remained the United States most popular energy source for home heating, with a 50 percent residential market share. Put another way, natural gas heated more homes in this country than all other major energy sources combined electricity was 35 percent, heating oil s
19、even percent, and propane five percent. In 2009, the majority of newly built single-family homes (55 percent) featured gas heat, down from the 59 percent gas-heat share in 2008. The gas space-heating share of new single-family housing completions exceeded the electric share in all but one region of
20、the country. New gas single-family home completions have exceeded all other energy sources for at least eleven years (see Figure 1). In the new multi-family housing arena, gas market share for space heating fell to 36 percent in 2009 from 37 percent in 2008. When both single- and multi-family units
21、are considered, the gas heating share of new housing completions fell to 49 percent, compared to 53 percent the previous year. The overall electric share increased by four percentage points to 49 percent in 2009. Net additions to the number of residential natural gas customers totaled 63,000 in 2009
22、. This represents a 0.1 percent increase in total customers compared to 2008. The 2009 survey results show that roughly 35 percent of all new natural gas customers came from homes converted from another energy source. The respondents were asked to provide a breakdown of conversions by fuel type. Bas
23、ed on these data, fuel oil conversions to natural gas accounted for 50 percent of all conversions. Approximately 20 percent of conversion customers had previously heated with electricity. The respondents were unable to identify the previous heating fuel for 30 percent of the homes. Natural gas water
24、 heaters have a 51 percent market share, while shares for gas cooking and clothes drying maintained their market shares of 35 percent and 21 percent, respectively. During 2009, almost $8.9 billion went to assist low-income households pay their energy bills or weatherize their homes. Most of the fund
25、ing came from the federal Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), with $5.1 billion in funds. Utilities, both electric and natural gas, accounted for 32 percent ($2.8 billion) of the total in the form of discounts, waivers, forgiveness of arrearages, and weatherization programs. 3Figure
26、1 Gas Heat is Preferred in New Homes over Electricity and Oil Single-Family Home Completions (1999-2009) 02004006008001000120019992000200120022003200420052006200720082009Thousand HomesYearGas Electricity OilSource: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Annual 2008 Characteristics of New Housing NOTE: Gas inclu
27、des both propane and natural gas.4United States Housing Market in 2009 New Housing Completions Home-building declined significantly in 2009, with 789,000 homes being built, a 30 percent decline from 2008. Gas heat continued to dominate the new single-family home market. According to the U.S. Bureau
28、of the Census, new single-family completions heated by gas totaled 286,000 in 2009, down 39 percent from 482,000 in 2008. Gas heating market share fell to 55 percent in 2009, compared to 59 percent in 2008. The 2009 electric heating market share of new home completions was 42 percent, up from 38 per
29、cent in 2008. Single-family home completions heated by gas exceeded electric completions for the 23rd consecutive year. In the 2009 new multi-family housing arena, gas market share for space heating declined to 36 percent, compared to the 2008 level of 37 percent. The total number of multi-family un
30、its completed in 2009 decreased to 274,000 compared to 301,000 in 2008. Market share for electric heat stayed the same compared to 2008. Gas-heated multi-family units numbered 99,000 compared with 169,000 electric units in 2009. When both single and multi-family units are considered, the market shar
31、e of new housing heated by gas in 2009 was 49 percent. The overall 2008 electric house heating market share increased three percentage points to reach 49 percent as well. Tables 1 and 2 present the regional breakdown of units completed by type of fuel. Single-family home completions heated by gas ou
32、tnumbered electric completions in all regions except the South. The gas market shares in the Northeast, Midwest, South and West regions were 71 percent, 71 percent, 35 percent and 79 percent, respectively. In the multi-family sector, gas completions exceeded electric in all regions but the South. Ta
33、ble 3 shows new housing market share data from 1999 to 2009. The Census data show that in recent years, electric market share has increased at the expense of gas, from 64 percent gas and 33 percent electric in 1999 to 49 percent for both gas and electric in 2009. 5Table 1 2009 Housing Completions by
34、 Heating Fuel Share Units (Thousands) Single-Family U.S. Northeast Midwest South West Gas155% 286 38 63 91 93 Electricity 42% 217 8 24 166 20 Oil 1% 6 6 - Z Z Other22% 11 2 3 2 5 Subtotal 100% 520 54 89 259 118 Multi-Family Gas136% 99 33 16 7 43 Electricity 62% 169 4 13 127 26 Oil Z 1 1 - - - Other
35、NA NA NA NA NA NA Subtotal 100% 274 40 30 135 69 Combined Gas149% 385 71 79 98 136 Electricity 49% 386 12 37 293 46 Oil 1% 7 7 0 0 0 Other21% 11 2 3 2 5 TOTAL 100% 789 92 119 393 187 Heat Pump3Single-Family 89% 194 6 18 154 16 Multi-Family 73% 124 11 5 79 29 Combined 82% 318 12 23 233 45 Manufacture
36、d Homes452 4 5 36 7 1Includes propane. 2Includes wood, coal, solar, and other fuels. 3Subset of electricity. Share information reflects total market. 4Not included in the totals for Single-Family, Multi-Family, or Combined. Heating fuel information not available for manufactured homes. Source: U.S.
37、Bureau of the Census Website. Z = Less than 500 units or less than 0.5 percent. NA = Not available Note: Components may not add to totals due to rounding and withheld data Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Characteristics of New Housing: 2009 6Table 2 A Comparison of 2008 and 2009 Private Housing C
38、ompletions (Percent of Market) U.S. Total Northeast Midwest South West 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 Single-Family Gas159% 55% 78% 71% 78% 71% 39% 35% 81% 79% Electricity 38% 42% 8% 14% 20% 26% 61% 64% 15% 17% Oil 1% 1% 13% 11% - - Z Z Z Z Other 2% 2% 1% 4% 2% 3% Z Z 4% 4% Multi-
39、Family Gas137% 36% 90% 82% 64% 55% 5% 5% 63% 62% Electricity 62% 62% 6% 9% 35% 45% 95% 94% 36% 37% Oil Z% Z 2% 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Other NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Combined Gas153% 49% 83% 77% 75% 66% 30% 25% 76% 73% Electricity 45% 49% 7% 13% 23% 31% 70% 75% 21% 25% Oil 1% 1% 9% 7% 0% 0% 0% 0%
40、0% 0% Other 1% 1% 1% 2% 2% 3% 0% 1% 3% 3% 1Includes propane. Z = Less than 500 units or less than 0.5 percent. NA = Not available Note: Percentages may not add up to 100% due to rounding Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Characteristics of New Housing: 2008 730%35%40%45%50%55%60%65%70%1998 1999 200
41、0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009MarketShareYearFigure 2Heating Market Share for All Housing Completions(1999-2009)Gas ElectricitySource: See Table 3 on the next page. Note: Gas includes natural gas and propane. 8Table 3 Market Share of Private Housing Completions by Heating Fuel (1999-
42、2009) 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Single-Family Gas170% 70% 70% 68% 70% 69% 66% 62% 60% 59% 55%Electricity 27% 27% 27% 28% 27% 29% 31% 35% 38% 38% 42% Oil 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1%Other 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 2% 2%Multi-Family Gas143% 45% 47% 45% 51% 46% 43% 43%
43、 41% 37% 36%Electricity 55% 54% 53% 54% 48% 53% 55% 56% 58% 62% 62%Oil 1% Z Z Z Z Z 2% Z 1% Z ZOther NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NACombined Gas164% 65% 65% 64% 67% 65% 63% 59% 56% 53% 49%Electricity 33% 32% 32% 33% 31% 33% 35% 39% 42% 45% 49%Oil 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1%Other 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%
44、 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%1Includes propane. S = Data withheld because they did not meet publication standards on the basis of response rate, associated standard error or consistency review. Z = Less than 500 units or less than 0.5 percent. NA = Not available Note: Percentages may not add up to 100% due to
45、rounding Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Characteristics of New Housing: 2008 Existing Housing According to the U.S. Census Bureau, more than half of the existing housing units in 2008 used natural gas to heat their homes, accounting for more than 56 million (or 50 percent) of the 113 million occ
46、upied housing units in the United States (see Table 4). Gas holds the largest market share in the Midwest, where 69 percent of the homes in that region have gas-heating systems. Gas heating beats out the competition in the Northeast and West regions of the country. Natural gas house-heating market s
47、hare in the Northeast was 52 percent, while the natural gas share was 60 percent in the West. Gas has the lowest market share in the warmer climate of the South. About 32 percent of the houses in the South used natural gas space heating in 2009. 9Table 4 2009 Household Space-Heating Market Share 10T
48、able 5 illustrates the changing nature of household space-heating energy. In the 1940s and 1950s, coal or coke was the dominant fuel, with wood accounting for a large market share. Since then, use of those fuels in homes has dropped dramatically. Fuel oil gained its largest market share in the 1960s, but its popularity has declined since. Propane has gained in market share somewhat over the time period. Electricity increased significantly since 1950, particularly after 1970 when the heat pump became popular. Natural
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