AGMA 6011-J14-2014 Specification for High Speed Helical Gear Units.pdf

1、ANSI/AGMA6011-J14 ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 (Revision of ANSI/AGMA 6011-I03) American National Standard Specification for High Speed Helical Gear Units AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved ii Specification for High Speed Helical Gear Units ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 Approval

2、of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has be

3、en reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American Nati

4、onal Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing or using products, processes or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institu

5、te does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests fo

6、r interpretation of this standard should be addressed to the American Gear Manufacturers Association. CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement, revision or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA Technical Publication should be s

7、ure that the publication is the latest available from the Association on the subject matter. Tables or other self-supporting sections may be referenced. Citations should read: See ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14, Specification for High Speed Helical Gear Units, published by the American Gear Manufacturers Associ

8、ation, 1001 N. Fairfax Street, Suite 500, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, http:/www.agma.org. Approved August 8, 2014 ABSTRACT This standard includes design, lubrication, bearings, testing and rating for single and double helical external tooth, parallel shaft speed reducers or increasers. Units covered

9、 include those operating with at least one stage having a pitch line velocity equal to or greater than 35 meters per second or rotational speeds greater than 4500 rpm and other stages having pitch line velocities equal to or greater than 8 meters per second. Published by American Gear Manufacturers

10、Association 1001 N. Fairfax Street, Suite 500, Alexandria, Virginia 22314 Copyright 2014 by American Gear Manufacturers Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the

11、publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-61481-088-9 American National Standard AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Foreword vi 1 Scope . 1 1.1 Application . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Symbols, terminology and definitions

12、 2 3.1 Symbols . 2 3.2 Nomenclature 3 3.3 Definitions 3 3.3.1 Ambient temperature . 3 3.3.2 Amplification factor, AF . 3 3.3.3 Checking stand 3 3.3.4 Critical speed . 3 3.3.5 Damping coefficient . 3 3.3.6 Dynamic tooth contact pattern check 3 3.3.7 Functional test . 4 3.3.8 Gear rated power 4 3.3.9

13、Half frequency whirl . 4 3.3.10 Helix modification 4 3.3.11 Lateral vibration . 4 3.3.12 Layout lacquer . 4 3.3.13 Normal transmitted power . 4 3.3.14 Overload 4 3.3.15 Profile modification 4 3.3.16 Service power 4 3.3.17 Thrust collars . 4 4 Design considerations 4 4.1 Gear rated power, Pr. 5 4.2 H

14、igh transient torque levels . 5 4.3 Torsional and lateral vibrations . 5 4.4 Tooth proportions and geometry . 5 4.5 Recommended tooth flank tolerance classification . 5 4.6 Pinion proportions . 6 4.7 Rotor construction . 6 4.8 Gear housing . 7 4.8.1 Special housing considerations . 7 4.8.2 Shaft sea

15、ls . 7 4.9 Bearings 7 4.9.1 Hydrodynamic bearings 7 4.9.2 Radial bearing stability 8 4.9.3 Thrust bearings . 8 4.9.4 Thrust collars . 8 4.9.5 Rolling element bearings . 9 4.10 Threaded fasteners . 9 4.11 Shafting . 9 5 Rating of gears . 9 5.1 Rating criteria 9 5.2 Service factor, CSFand KSF. 9 5.3 P

16、itting resistance power rating 9 5.3.1 Stress cycle factor, ZN. 10 5.3.2 Load distribution factor, KH10 5.3.3 Dynamic factor, Kv. 10 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved iv 5.4 Bending strength power rating 11 5.4.1 Stress cycle factor, YN. 12 5.5 Allowable str

17、ess numbers, HPand FP12 5.6 Reverse loading 12 5.7 Scuffing resistance 12 6 Lubrication . 13 6.1 Design parameters 13 6.2 Choice of lubricant 13 6.2.1 Additives 14 6.2.2 Viscosity 14 6.2.3 Synthetic lubricants . 14 6.3 Lubrication considerations 14 6.3.1 Ambient temperature . 14 6.3.2 Environment 14

18、 6.3.3 Temperature control 14 6.3.4 Gear element cooling and lubrication . 14 6.3.5 Lubricant sump 15 6.3.6 Filtration . 15 6.3.7 Drain lines . 15 6.4 Lubricant maintenance 16 6.4.1 Change interval . 16 6.4.2 Water contamination . 16 7 Vibration and sound . 16 7.1 Vibration analysis 16 7.2 Lateral c

19、ritical speeds . 16 7.2.1 Rotor response analysis 17 7.2.2 Mode shape . 17 7.2.3 Analytical considerations . 17 7.2.4 Other forcing phenomena . 17 7.2.5 Amplification factor, AF . 18 7.2.6 Stability analysis 18 7.3 Torsional vibration analysis . 19 7.4 Balance . 19 7.5 Shaft vibration . 19 7.5.1 Ele

20、ctrical and mechanical runout 19 7.5.2 Electrical/mechanical runout compensation 19 7.6 Casing vibration. 20 7.7 Vibration measurement . 20 7.8 Sound measurement . 20 8 Inspection and testing 20 8.1 Static tooth contact inspection 20 8.2 Functional testing 20 8.2.1 No load testing 21 8.2.2 Full spee

21、d and partial load testing 21 8.2.3 Full speed and full load testing 21 8.2.3.2 Back-to-back locked torque testing. 21 8.2.3.3 Back-to-back regenerative testing . 21 8.2.4 Special testing . 22 8.2.5 Power loss testing . 22 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved v

22、 8.3 Post functional inspections 22 9 Vendor and purchaser data exchange . 22 9.1 Rationale for data requirements 22 9.2 Document identification . 22 9.3 Data provided by purchaser 23 9.4 Proposal data 23 9.5 Items needing resolution . 23 9.6 Contract data . 24 9.7 Installation manual 25 9.8 Operati

23、on, maintenance and technical manuals . 25 9.9 Recommended spares 26 9.10 Special tools 26 Bibliography 61 Annexes Annex A Service factors 27 Annex B A simplified method for verifying scuffing resistance . 30 Annex C Systems considerations for high speed gear drives 32 Annex D Illustrative example.

24、42 Annex E Efficiency 46 Annex F Metallurgical considerations for critical applications . 49 Annex G Assembly designations 51 Annex H Purchasers data sheet . 52 Annex I Guideline for lubricant viscosity grade selection 55 Annex J Assembly, functional testing and preservation of gearboxes . 56 Tables

25、 Table 1 - Symbols used in equations 2 Table 2 - Recommended flank tolerance class . 5 Table 3 - Recommended maximum length-to-diameter (L/d) ratios . 6 Table 4 - Hydrodynamic babbitt bearing design limits1)8 Table 5 - Dynamic factor as a function of flank tolerance classification . 11 Table 6 - Rec

26、ommended lubricants 13 Table 7 - Casing vibration levels . 20 Figures Figure 1 - Amplification factor . 18 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved vi Foreword The foreword, footnotes and annexes, if any, in this document are provided for informational purposes onl

27、y and are not to be construed as a part of ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14, Specification for High Speed Helical Gear Units. The first high speed gear unit standard, AGMA 421.01, was adopted as a tentative standard in October, 1943. It contained formulas for computing the durability horsepower rating of gearing,

28、 allowable shaft stresses, and included a short table of application factors. AGMA 421.01 was revised and adopted as a full status standard in September, 1947 and issued as AGMA 421.02. The High Speed Gear Committee began work on the revision of AGMA 421.02 in 1951, which included: classification of

29、 applications not previously listed; changing the application factors from “K” values to equivalent Service Factors; revision of the rating formula to allow for the use of heat treated gearing; and develop a uniform selection method for high speed gear units. This Uniform Selection Method Data Sheet

30、 became AGMA 421.03A. AGMA 421.03 was approved as a revision by the AGMA membership in October, 1954. The standard was reprinted as AGMA 421.04 in June, 1957. It included the correction of typographical errors and the addition of a paragraph on pinion proportions and bearing span, which had been app

31、roved by the committee for addition to the standard at the October, 1955 meeting. In October, 1959 the Committee undertook revisions to cover developments in the design, manufacture, and operation of high speed units with specific references to high hardness materials and sound level limits. The rev

32、isions were incorporated in AGMA 421.05 which was approved by the AGMA membership as of October 22, 1963. The significant changes of 421.06 from 421.05 were: minimum pitch line speed was increased to 5000 feet per minute (25 meters per second); strength and durability ratings were changed; and some

33、service factors were added. AGMA 421.06 was approved by the High Speed Gear Committee as of June 27, 1968, and by the AGMA membership as of November 26, 1968. ANSI/AGMA 6011-G92 was a revision of 421.06 approved by the AGMA membership in October, 1991. The most significant changes were the adaptatio

34、n of ratings per ANSI/AGMA 2001-B88 and the addition of normal design limits for babbitted bearings. ANSI/AGMA 6011-G92 used “application factor” and not “service factor”. ANSI/AGMA 6011-H98 was a further refinement of ANSI/AGMA 6011-G92. One of the most significant changes was the conversion to an

35、all metric standard. The rating methods were changed to be per ANSI/AGMA 2101-D04 which is the metric version of ANSI/AGMA 2001-D04. To provide uniform rating practices, clearly defined rating factors were included in the standard (ANSI/AGMA 6011-H98). While some equations slightly changed to confor

36、m to metric practices, no substantial changes were made to the rating practice for durability and strength rating. In addition, minimum pitch line velocity was raised from 25 m/s to 35 m/s and minimum rotational speed increased to 4000 rpm. AGMA had reverted to the term “service factor” in their sta

37、ndards, which was reflected in ANSI/AGMA 6011-H98. The service factor approach is more descriptive of enclosed gear drive applications and can be defined as the combined effects of overload, reliability, desired life, and other application related factors. The service factor is applied only to the g

38、ear tooth rating, rather than to the ratings of all components. Components are designed based on the rated power and the guidelines given in this standard. In continued recognition of the effects of scuffing in the rating of the gear sets, additional information on scuffing resistance was added to a

39、nnex B of ANSI/AGMA 6011-H98. AGMA 427.01 was withdrawn. The information found in AGMA 427.01 was included in annex D of ANSI/AGMA 6011-H98. ANSI/AGMA 6011-I03 was a further refinement to ANSI/AGMA 6011-H98. Symbols were changed where possible to conform with ANSI/AGMA 2101-D04 and ISO standards. Th

40、e minimum rotational speed was increased to 4500 rpm. Helix angle limits were changed, and a minimum axial contact ratio was added. The L/D limits were changed, and use of modified helices is encouraged based on the use of predicted rotor deflection and distortion. Bearing load design limits also ch

41、anged. For gear tooth accuracy, reference was made to ANSI/AGMA 2015-1-A01 rather than to ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88. The Znand Ynlife AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved vii factors now have a maximum rather than a minimum limit when the number of load cycles exceeds

42、 1010. A table of dynamic factor as a function of accuracy grade was added. References to AGMA oil grades were removed; now only ISO viscosity grades are listed. To facilitate communications between purchaser and vendor, an annex with data sheets was added. Realistic evaluation of the various rating

43、 factors of ANSI/AGMA 6011-I03 required specific knowledge and judgment which come from years of accumulated experience in designing, manufacturing and operating high speed gear units. This input has been provided by the AGMA High Speed Gear Committee. The first draft of ANSI/AGMA 6011-I03 was made

44、in May, 2001. It was approved by the AGMA membership in October, 2003. It was approved as an American National Standard on February 12, 2004. ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 is a further refinement of ANSI/AGMA 6011-I03. For flank tolerance classification, previously referred to as accuracy grade or quality numb

45、er, the referenced quality standard has been changed to ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14. This revision expanded the definition section and provides detailed attention to improving quality and reliability of high speed gearing. The most notable changes are: - normative referral to material requirements in a

46、ccordance with AGMA 923-B05 replacing ANSI/AGMA 2101-D04; - tightened controls on allowable and recommended filtration of lubricants; - clarified test requirements and test options; - eliminated the rotor dynamics annex and transferred it for adoption to the Sound and Vibration Committee; - expanded

47、 the annex on systems considerations for high speed gears; - introduced new material in gear efficiency annex eliminating a specific method for determining mesh and windage losses; - added an annex on metallurgical consideration for high speed gearing; - added an annex on lubrication considerations;

48、 - added an annex on procedures for assembly and functional testing of gearboxes. The first draft of AGMA 6011-J14 was made in May, 2011. It was approved by the AGMA membership in July 28, 2014. It was approved as an American National Standard on August 8, 2014. Suggestions for improvement of this s

49、tandard will be welcome. They may be submitted to techagma.org. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved viii PERSONNEL of the AGMA Helical Enclosed Drives High Speed Unit Committee Chairman: John B. Amendola . Artec Machine Systems ACTIVE MEMBERS E. Martin . Lufkin Industries, LLC J. Rinaldo . Atlas Copco Comptec, LLC T. Praneis . Cotta Transmission A. Swiglo Northern Illinois University W. Toner . Siemens Demag Delaval Turbomachinery, Inc. AGMA 2014 All rights reserved 1 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6011-J14 Amer