AHRI 1061 SI-2014 Performance Rating of Airto-Air Exchangers for Energy Recovery Ventilation Equipment.pdf

1、 AHRI Standard 1061 (SI) 2014 Standard for Performance Rating of Air-to-Air Exchangers for Energy Recovery Ventilation EquipmentPrice $10.00 (M) $20.00 (NM) Copyright 2014, by Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute Printed in U.S.A. Registered United States Patent and Trademark Office

2、 IMPORTANT SAFETY DISCLAIMER AHRI does not set safety standards and does not certify or guarantee the safety of any products, components or systems designed, tested, rated, installed or operated in accordance with this standard/guideline. It is strongly recommended that products be designed, constru

3、cted, assembled, installed and operated in accordance with nationally recognized safety standards and code requirements appropriate for products covered by this standard/guideline. AHRI uses its best efforts to develop standards/guidelines employing state-of-the-art and accepted industry practices.

4、AHRI does not certify or guarantee that any tests conducted under its standards/guidelines will be non-hazardous or free from risk. Note: This standard supersedes AHRI Standard 1061-2013 (SI). For I-P ratings, see AHRI Standard 1060 (I-P)-2014.TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE Section 1. Purpose 1 Sect

5、ion 2. Scope . 1 Section 3. Definitions. 1 Section 4. Test Requirements 3 Section 5. Rating Requirements . 5 Section 6. Minimum Data Requirements for Published Ratings . 6 Section 7. Marking and Nameplate Data . 7 Section 8. Conformance Conditions 8 TABLES Table 1. Standard Rating Conditions 4 Table

6、 2. Multiples for Rated Airflow 7 FIGURES Figure 1. Scheme of Airflows for Exchangers . 2 APPENDICES Appendix A. References - Normative 9 Appendix B. References - Informative. 9 Appendix C. Calculation of Effectiveness - Normative . 10AHRI STANDARD 1061 (SI)-2014 1 PERFORMANCE RATING OF AIR-TO-AIR E

7、XCHANGERS FOR ENERGY RECOVERY VENTILATION EQUIPMENT Section 1. Purpose 1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to establish for Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers intended for use in Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Ventilation Equipment: definitions; test requirements; rating requirements; minimum data requ

8、irements for Published Ratings; marking and nameplate data; and conformance conditions. 1.1.1 Intent. This standard is intended for the guidance of the industry, including manufacturers, designers, installers, contractors and users. 1.1.2 Review and Amendment. This standard is subject to review and

9、amendment as technology advances. Section 2. Scope 2.1 Scope. This standard applies to factory-made Air-to-Air Exchangers for use in Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Ventilation Equipment as defined in Section 3. 2.2 Exclusions. This standard does not apply to the rating and testing of heat exchangers joi

10、ned by circulated heat transfer medium (run-around loop). A run-around loop employs liquid-containing coils connected in a closed loop and placed in each of two or more airstreams. Section 3. Definitions All terms in this document will follow the standard industry definitions in the ASHRAE Terminolo

11、gy website (https:/www.ashrae.org/resources-publications/free-resources/ashrae-terminology) unless otherwise defined in this section. 3.1 Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Ventilation Equipment (AAERVE). Energy recovery components and packaged energy recovery ventilation units which employ Air-to-Air Excha

12、ngers to recover energy from exhaust air for the purpose of pre-conditioning outdoor air prior to supplying the conditioned air to the space, either directly or as part of an air-conditioning (to include air heating, air cooling, air circulating, air cleaning, humidifying and dehumidifying) system.

13、3.2 Air-to-Air Exchanger (hereinafter, “Exchanger”). A device that transfers heat from an exhaust airstream to a separated supply airstream. Air-to-Air Exchangers are also referred to as energy recovery components. 3.2.1 Heat Pipe Heat Exchanger. A device employing tubes charged with a fluid for the

14、 purpose of transferring sensible energy from one airstream to another. Heat transfer takes place through the vaporization of the fluid exposed to the warmer airstream and condensation of the fluid in the cooler airstream. 3.2.2 Plate Heat Exchanger. A device for the purpose of transferring energy (

15、sensible or total) from one airstream to another with no moving parts. The design may incorporate parallel, cross or counter flow construction or a combination of these to achieve the energy transfer. 3.2.3 Rotary Heat Exchanger. A device incorporating a rotating cylinder or wheel for the purpose of

16、 transferring energy (sensible or total) from one airstream to the other. It incorporates heat transfer material, a drive mechanism, a casing or frame, and includes any seals which are provided to retard the bypassing and leakage of air from one airstream to the other. 3.3 Airflow. 3.3.1 Entering Su

17、pply Airflow (OA). The supply airstream (outdoor air) before passing through the exchanger indicated in Figure 1 as Station 1. Sometimes referred to as the outdoor Airflow. 3.3.2 Leaving Supply Airflow (SA). The supply airstream (outdoor air) after passing through the exchanger, AHRI STANDARD 1061 (

18、SI)-2014 2 indicated in Figure 1 as Station 2. Sometimes referred to as the supply Airflow. 3.3.3 Entering Exhaust Airflow (RA). The exhaust airstream (indoor air) before passing through the exchanger, indicated in Figure 1 as Station 3. Sometimes referred to as the return Airflow. 3.3.4 Leaving Exh

19、aust Airflow (EA). The exhaust airstream (indoor air) after passing through the exchanger, indicated in Figure 1 as Station 4. Sometimes referred to as the exhaust Airflow. Figure 1. Scheme of Airflows for Exchangers 3.4 Capacity Rate. The quantity of energy an airstream at a specific mass flow rate

20、 is able to absorb or release per unit time per unit change in temperature, humidity content, or enthalpy content. 3.5 Effectiveness. A ratio of the actual energy transfer (sensible, latent, or total) to the product of the minimum energy capacity rate and the maximum difference in temperature, humid

21、ity ratio, or enthalpy. The equation for determining Effectiveness is Equation C1 in Appendix C. Effectiveness is not adjusted to account for that portion of the psychrometric change in the Leaving Supply Airflow that is the result of leakage of Entering Exhaust Airflow rather than exchange of heat

22、or moisture between the airstreams. 3.5.1 Sensible Effectiveness. The Effectiveness determined in Section 3.5 using only measured dry bulb temperature differences, specific heat capacities and mass airflow rates. 3.5.2 Latent Effectiveness. The Effectiveness determined in Section 3.5 using only meas

23、ured humidity ratios, heat of vaporization values and mass airflow rates. 3.5.3 Total Effectiveness. The Effectiveness determined in Section 3.5 using only measured enthalpies and mass airflow rates. 3.5.4 Net Effectiveness. The Effectiveness adjusted to account for that portion of the psychrometric

24、 change in the Leaving Supply Airflow that is the result of leakage of Entering Exhaust Airflow rather than exchange of heat or moisture between the airstreams. The derivation of Net Effectiveness is given in Appendix C. 3.6 Exhaust Air Transfer Ratio (EATR). The tracer gas concentration difference

25、between the Leaving Supply Airflow and the Entering Supply Airflow divided by the tracer gas concentration difference between the Entering Exhaust Airflow and the Entering Supply Airflow at the 100% rated airflows, expressed as a percentage. The equation for determining EATR is Equation C2 in Append

26、ix C. 3.7 Net Supply Airflow. That portion of the Leaving Supply Airflow that originated as Entering Supply Airflow. The Net Supply Airflow is determined by subtracting air transferred from the exhaust side of the exchanger from the gross Airflow measured at the Supply Airflow leaving the exchanger

27、and is given by the equation: Net Supply Airflow = Leaving Supply Airflow (1 - EATR) 1 AHRI STANDARD 1061 (SI)-2014 3 3.8 Outdoor Air Correction Factor (OACF). The ratio of the Entering Supply Airflow to the measured (gross) Leaving Supply Airflow. 3.9 Pressure Differential. The difference in static

28、 pressure between the Leaving Supply Airflow and the Entering Exhaust Airflow 3.10 Pressure Drop. The difference in static pressure between the Entering Supply Airflow and the Leaving Supply Airflow. 3.11 Published Rating. A statement of the assigned values of those performance characteristics, unde

29、r stated Rating Conditions, by which a unit may be chosen for its application. These values apply to all Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers for use in Energy Recovery Ventilation Equipment of like size and type (identification) produced by the same manufacturer. The term Published Rating includes the rating

30、 of all performance characteristics shown on the unit or published in specifications, advertising or other literature controlled by the manufacturer, at stated Rating Conditions. 3.11.1 Application Rating. A rating based on tests performed at application Rating Conditions (other than Standard Rating

31、 Conditions). 3.11.2 Standard Rating. A rating based on tests performed at Standard Rating Conditions. 3.12 Rating Conditions. Any set of operating conditions under which a single level of performance results, and which cause only that level of performance to occur. 3.12.1 Standard Rating Conditions

32、. Rating Conditions used as the basis of comparison for performance characteristics. 3.13 “Shall” or “Should.” “Shall” or “should” shall be interpreted as follows: 3.13.1 Shall. Where “shall” or “shall not” is used for a provision specified, that provision is mandatory if compliance with the standar

33、d is claimed. 3.13.2 Should. “Should” is used to indicate provisions which are not mandatory but which are desirable as good practice. 3.14 Standard Air. Air weighing 1.2 kg/m3which approximates dry air at 21C and at a barometric pressure of 101.3 kPa. 3.15 Station. For each of the Airflows defined

34、in Section 3.3 and shown in Figure 1, the station is the location in the test apparatus at which conditions such as temperature, humidity, pressure, or Airflow are measured. These locations are identified as “Station 1”, “Station 2”, “Station 3” and “Station 4”. Section 4. Test Requirements 4.1 Test

35、 Requirements. All Standard Ratings shall be verified by tests conducted in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 84 at the Standard Rating Conditions in Table 1, except where modified by this standard. 4.2 Test Set-up. 4.2.1 Heat Pipe Heat Exchangers. For the purpose of rating, the tilt angle of Hea

36、t Pipe Heat Exchangers shall be as specified by the manufacturer. The tilt angle may change between heating and cooling conditions provided that an automatic mechanism to do so is provided by the manufacturer. 4.2.2 Plate Heat Exchangers. For the purpose of rating, ensure that the orientation of the

37、 Plate Heat Exchanger is as specified by the manufacturer. 4.2.3 Rotary Heat Exchangers. 4.2.3.1 General. For the purpose of rating, drive motors used in Rotary Heat Exchangers shall be placed in the airstream as specified by the manufacturer. All Standard Ratings, under both heating and cooling AHR

38、I STANDARD 1061 (SI)-2014 4 conditions, shall be measured with the drive motor in the same location. In addition, the Rotary Heat Exchanger shall rotate within 10% of the speed or speed range specified by the manufacturer (if provided). Table 1. Standard Rating Conditions Item Conditions Tolerances

39、Heating Cooling All Readings During Test Average of Readings 1. Entering supply airflow temperature a. Dry-bulb, C b. Wet-bulb, C 2 1 35 26 0.6 0.4 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.2 2. Entering exhaust air temperature a. Dry-bulb, C b. Wet-bulb, C 21 14 23 17 0.6 0.4 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.2 3. Leaving Supply Airflow, m3/s 10

40、0% of the rated airflow(s) 75% of the rated airflow(s) See Section 4.3 4. Entering Exhaust Airflow (return Airflow), m3/s Same rate as Leaving Supply Airflow1See Section 4.3 5. Pressure Differential, leaving supply airflow static pressure minus entering exhaust (return) airflow static pressure, for

41、Effectiveness tests, Pa 0.00 See Section 4.3 6. Pressure Differential, leaving supply airflow static pressure minus entering exhaust (return) airflow static pressure, for outdoor air correction factor tests and tracer gas tests of Exhaust Air Transfer Ratio, Pa (1) 0.00 and (2) manufacturers choice

42、of two or more of the following: -1250, -750, -250, -120, 120, 250, 750, 1250 See Section 4.3 Note: 1. Adjustments to balance the airflows shall be made at the Standard Rating Conditions (i.e., temperatures), just prior to data acquisition. 4.2.3.2 Adjustable Purge. For the purpose of rating, if an

43、adjustable purge is provided, it shall be set at the manufacturers specified purge angle or setting. The purge angle or setting may vary between different tests; however, Standard Ratings of Effectiveness shall be measured using the same purge angle or setting used when measuring Standard Ratings of

44、 Exhaust Air Transfer Ratio and Outdoor Air Correction Factor at the required zero pressure differential condition (see Table 1). 4.2.4 Laboratory Ambient Conditions. Except in facilities in which the exchanger is located in one or both of the indoor and outdoor condition chambers, laboratory ambien

45、t conditions shall be maintained within the limits of 16C and 27C dry bulb. The room ambient temperature shall be measured within 6 ft. of the sample and at the height of the sample. 4.3 Testing Tolerances. For the test to be valid, it shall meet all the requirements of this section. 4.3.1 Airflow a

46、nd Pressure. For the purpose of rating, measured airflow shall remain within a tolerance of 1.5% or 0.002 m3/s, whichever is greater, for the duration of the test. For the purpose of rating for a zero pressure differential, the average differential shall be between 2.5 Pa and 0 Pa, and no reading sh

47、all be above 12.5 Pa or below -12.5 Pa. For the purpose of rating for non-zero pressure differentials, measured pressures shall remain within a tolerance of 12.5 Pa. 4.3.2 Stability. Neither Sensible nor Latent Effectiveness shall exhibit a trend up or down for the duration of the test. 4.3.3 Equal

48、Massflow Requirement. Measurement at stations 2 & 3 according to Figure 1 shall be equal within 1.5% or 0.002 m3/s, whichever is greater. 4.3.4 Mass and Energy Inequalities. Mass and energy inequalities shall be calculated as follows and the average AHRI STANDARD 1061 (SI)-2014 5 shall be held withi

49、n the specific limits for the duration of the test. Equations 2 through 7, below, are the restatement of the relevant subset of Equations 11-16 in ANSI/ASHRAE 84-2013. Mass flow inequality = |12 +3 4 |(1,3) 0.05 2 Sensible energy inequality = 1,112 ,22+3,334 ,44(1,3)|13| 0.20 3 Latent energy inequality = |1 122+3 34 4|(1,3)|13| 0.20 4 Total energy inequality = |1122+3 34 4|(1,3)|13| 0.20