AHRI 1280-2014 Sound Power Rating of Water-cooled Chillers.pdf

1、 2014 Standard for Sound Power Rating of Water-cooled Chillers AHRI Standard 1280 Price $10.00 (M) $20.00 (NM) Copyright 2014, by Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute Printed in U.S.A. Registered United States Patent and Trademark Office IMPORTANT SAFETY DISCLAIMER AHRI does not se

2、t safety standards and does not certify or guarantee the safety of any products, components or systems designed, tested, rated, installed or operated in accordance with this standard/guideline. It is strongly recommended that products be designed, constructed, assembled, installed and operated in ac

3、cordance with nationally recognized safety standards and code requirements appropriate for products covered by this standard/guideline. AHRI uses its best efforts to develop standards/guidelines employing state-of-the-art and accepted industry practices. AHRI does not certify or guarantee that any t

4、ests conducted under its standards/guidelines will be non-hazardous or free from risk. Note: This is a new standard. At each of the four Integrated Part Load Value (IPLV) load points, the following ratings are required: Un-weighted octave band Sound Power Levels, dB (63 Hz to 8,000 Hz) Overall A-wei

5、ghted Sound Power Level, dB (A-weighted 50 Hz to 10,000 Hz) Optional Information: Un-weighted one-third octave band Sound Power Levels, dB (50 Hz to 10,000 Hz) TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE Section 1. Purpose 1 Section 2. Scope .1 Section 3. Definitions.1 Section 4. Test Requirements 3 Section 5. R

6、ating Requirements .3 Section 6. Minimum Data Requirements for Published Ratings .4 Section 7. Conformance Conditions 5 APPENDICES Appendix A. References Normative 6 Appendix B. References Informative 6 Appendix C. Example Calculation of Octave Band Sound Power Levels Informative 7 Appendix D. Examp

7、le Calculation of A-weighted Sound Power Levels Informative 8 Appendix E. Determining Sound Power Levels Using Sound Pressure Measurements Made in a Reverberation Room Normative .9 Appendix F. Determining Sound Power Levels Using Sound Pressure Measurements Made in a Free Field Over a Reflecting Pla

8、ne Normative .12 Appendix G. Possible Magnitude of Measurement Errors Informative 15 Appendix H. Determination of K2 Informative .16 TABLES FOR APPENDICES Table C1. Example Calculation of Octave Band Sound Power Levels, Lwi7 Table D1. Example Calculation of A-weighted Sound Power Levels, LwA8 Table

9、E1. Background Correction Limits by One-third Octave Band 11 Table G1. Maximum Standard Deviations of Sound Power Level Reproducibility Determined in Accordance with this Standard .15 Table H1. Required Number of RSS Positions based on Parallelepiped Length .16 FIGURES FOR APPENDICES Figure F1. Thre

10、e Dimensional View of Measurement Parallelepiped .13 Figure H1. Schematic of RSS Locations Required for Determination of K2 19 AHRI STANDARD 1280-2014_ 1 SOUND POWER RATING OF WATER-COOLED CHILLERS Section 1. Purpose 1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to establish methods for determining t

11、he sound power ratings of commercial and industrial Water-cooled Chillers. It establishes definitions; test requirements; rating requirements; minimum data requirements for Published Ratings; marking and nameplate data; and conformance conditions. 1.1.1 Intent. This standard is intended for the guid

12、ance of the industry, including manufacturers, engineers, installers, contractors and users. 1.1.2 Review and Amendment. This standard is subject to review and amendment as technology advances. Section 2. Scope 2.1 Scope. This standard applies to commercial and industrial Water-cooled Chillers used

13、for refrigerating or air-conditioning of spaces, as defined in Section 3 of this standard and covered by ANSI/AHRI Standards 550/590 (I-P) and 551/591 (SI), Performance Rating of Water Chilling Packages Using the Vapor Compression Cycle. 2.2 Exclusions. This standard does not apply to air-cooled equ

14、ipment, which falls within the scope of ANSI/AHRI Standard 270, Sound Rating of Outdoor Unitary Equipment and ANSI/AHRI Standard 370, Sound Performance Rating of Large Outdoor Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Equipment. Section 3. Definitions All terms in this document will follow the standard ind

15、ustry definitions in the ASHRAE Terminology website (https:/www.ashrae.org/resources-publications/free-resources/ashrae-terminology) unless otherwise defined in this section. 3.1 Comparison Method. A method of determining Sound Power Level of the equipment under test in a reverberation room by compa

16、ring the average Sound Pressure Level of that equipment to the average Sound Pressure Level of a Reference Sound Source of known Sound Power Level output. The difference in Sound Power Level is equal to the difference in Sound Pressure Level when conditions in the room are the same for both sets of

17、measurements. 3.2 Hertz (Hz). A unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second. 3.3 Integrated Part-Load Value (IPLV). A single number part-load efficiency figure of merit calculated per the method described in ANSI/AHRI Standards 550/590 (I-P) and 551/591 (SI) at Standard Rating Conditions. 3.4 Oc

18、tave Band. A band of sound covering a range of frequencies such that the highest is twice the lowest. The Octave Bands used in this standard are those defined in ANSI Standard S1.11. 3.5 One-third Octave Band. A band of sound covering a range of frequencies such that the highest frequency is the cub

19、e root of two times the lowest. The One-third Octave Bands used in this standard are those defined in ANSI Standard S1.11. 3.6 Published Rating. A statement of the assigned values of those performance characteristics, under stated IPLV rating conditions, by which a unit may be chosen to fit its appl

20、ication. These values apply to all units of like _AHRI STANDARD 1280-2014 2 nominal size and type (identification) produced by the same manufacturer. As used herein, the term Published Rating includes the rating of all performance characteristics shown on the unit or published in specifications, adv

21、ertising or other literature controlled by the manufacturer, at stated IPLV rating conditions. 3.6.1 Application Rating. A rating based on tests performed at Application Rating Conditions (other than Standard Rating Conditions). 3.6.2 Standard Rating. A rating based on tests performed at Standard IP

22、LV Rating Conditions. 3.7 Rating Conditions. Any set of operating conditions under which a single level of performance results, and which cause only that level of performance to occur. 3.7.1 Standard IPLV Rating Conditions. Rating Conditions used as the basis of comparison for performance characteri

23、stics. 3.8 Reference Sound Source (RSS). A portable, aerodynamic sound source that produces a known stable broad band sound power output. 3.9 “Shall“ or “Should.“ “Shall“ or “should“ shall be interpreted as follows: 3.9.1 Shall. Where “shall“ or “shall not“ is used for a provision specified, that pr

24、ovision is mandatory if compliance with the standard is claimed. 3.9.2 Should. “Should“ is used to indicate provisions which are not mandatory but are desirable as good practice. 3.10 Sound Intensity. The average sound power transmitted through a unit area. 3.11 Sound Intensity Level, Li. This is te

25、n times the logarithm to the base ten of the ratio of the Sound Intensity component radiated by the source to a reference Sound Intensity, expressed in decibels (dB). The reference Sound Intensity used in this standard is 1 picowatt per square meter, pW/m2 (internationally recognized units). The sou

26、nd intensity component is the value of the intensity vector, normal to a measurement surface, directed out of a volume enclosing the sound source. 3.12 Sound Power Level, Lw. This is ten times the logarithm to the base ten of the ratio of the sound power radiated by the source to a reference sound p

27、ower, expressed in decibels, dB. The reference sound power used in this standard is 1 picowatt (pW). 3.12.1 A-weighted Sound Power Level, LWA. The logarithmic summation of A-weighted, One-third Octave Band levels. 3.13 Sound Pressure Level, Lp. This is twenty times the logarithm to the base ten of t

28、he ratio of a given sound pressure to a reference sound pressure of 20 Pa, expressed in decibels, dB. 3.14 Unit Under Test (UUT). HVAC equipment or duct termination for which the sound power is to be determined. 3.515 Water-cooled Chiller. A factory-made and prefabricated assembly (not necessarily s

29、hipped as one package) of one or more compressors, condensers and evaporators, with interconnections and accessories, designed for the purpose of cooling water. It is a machine specifically designed to make use of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle to remove heat from water and reject the heat

30、to a cooling medium, usually water. The refrigerant condenser may or may not be an integral part of the package. AHRI STANDARD 1280-2014_ 3 Section 4. Test Requirements 4.1 Test Requirements. All standard Sound Power Level ratings shall be determined by tests conducted in a qualified reverberation r

31、oom, hemi-anechoic room, or an indoor or outdoor space that is an essentially free field over a reflecting plane or by tests using Sound Intensity. 4.1.1 Sound tests in a reverberation room shall be conducted in a reverberation room meeting the requirements of and qualified per ANSI/AHRI Standard 22

32、0, as adapted for Water-cooled Chillers in Appendix E of this standard. Sound tests shall be conducted in accordance with ANSI/AHRI Standard 220 using a RSS that meets the performance requirements of and is calibrated per ANSI/AHRI Standard 250. 4.1.2 Sound tests in a hemi-anechoic room which afford

33、s a free field condition above the measurement space or above a reflecting plane shall be conducted in accordance with ISO 3745, as adapted for Water-cooled Chillers in Appendix F of this standard. 4.1.3 Sound tests in indoor or outdoor spaces that qualify as an essentially free field over a reflect

34、ing plane shall be conducted in accordance with ISO 3744, as adapted for Water-cooled Chillers in Appendix F of this standard. 4.1.4 Sound tests using Sound Intensity shall be conducted in accordance with AHRI Standard 230, as adapted for Water-cooled Chillers. For Water-cooled Chillers, the sound c

35、omponent of interest as discussed in Section 7 of ANSI/AHRI Standard 230 is the entire chiller. The measurement grid shall enclose the entire chiller. 4.2 Test Conditions. Standard sound ratings shall be based on sound tests conducted with the unit operating at the Rating Conditions specified in ANS

36、I/AHRI Standard 550/590 (I-P) and ANSI/AHRI Standard 551/591 (SI). Sound tests shall be conducted as prescribed below: 4.2.1 Standard Sound Ratings. Standard sound ratings shall be based on sound tests conducted with the unit operating at voltage, V, phase and frequency, Hz, for each of the four loa

37、d conditions required for IPLV determination. 4.2.2 Application Sound Rating. Application Sound Ratings are for conditions other than the AHRI standard rating conditions. 4.2.3 Test Condition Tolerances. During sound rating tests, the equipment operating conditions shall not deviate from the specifi

38、ed operating conditions by more than the tolerances specified in ANSI/AHRI Standard 550/590 (I-P) and ANSI/AHRI Standard 551/591 (SI). 4.3 Data to be Taken. Sound Pressure Level or Sound Intensity Level data taken shall be in One-third Octave Bands (50 Hz to 10,000 Hz are required) in accordance wit

39、h the procedure specified for the type of test being conducted. 4.4 Unit Installation. The unit under test shall be located within the reverberation room as specified in ANSI/AHRI Standard 220 or per Appendix F when testing per Sections 4.1.2 or 4.1.3 of this standard or per Appendix H when testing

40、per Section 4.1.4. Section 5. Rating Requirements 5.1 Product Ratings. The Sound Power Rating shall be for the complete unit operating at AHRI Standard IPLV Rating Conditions. 5.1.1 At each of the four IPLV load points, the following ratings are required: 5.1.1.1 Un-weighted octave band Sound Power

41、Levels, dB (63 Hz to 8,000 Hz) _AHRI STANDARD 1280-2014 4 5.1.1.2 Overall A-weighted Sound Power Level, dB (A-weighted 50 Hz to 10,000 Hz) 5.1.2 The following information is optional: 5.1.1.2 Un-weighted one-third octave band Sound Power Levels, dB (50 Hz to 10,000 Hz). 5.2 Application Ratings. If t

42、hese are to be published, application ratings shall include the following information: 5.2.1 Un-weighted octave band Sound Power Levels, dB (63 Hz to 8,000 Hz) 5.2.2 Overall A-weighted Sound Power Level, dB (A-weighted 50 Hz to 10,000 Hz) 5.2.3 The following information is optional: 5.2.3.1 Un-weigh

43、ted one-third octave band Sound Power Levels, dB (50 Hz to 10,000 Hz) 5.3 Determination of One-third Octave Band Sound Power Levels. The units one-third octave band Sound Power Levels shall be determined per ANSI/AHRI Standard 220. 5.3.1 Octave Band Sound Power Level Calculations. Octave band sound

44、power level calculations shall be made per ANSI/AHRI Standard 220. Each octave band Sound Power Level shall be rounded to the nearest decibel. An example of the calculation procedure is provided in Appendix C. 5.3.2 A-weighted Sound Power Level. The A-weighted Sound Power Level shall be calculated p

45、er ANSI/AHRI Standard 220. The A-weighted Sound Power Level shall be rounded to the nearest decibel. An example of the calculation procedure is provided in Appendix D. 5.4 Application Sound Ratings. Application sound ratings for conditions other than the AHRI standard rating condition shall be based

46、 on sound tests conducted with the equipment operating at those conditions. Section 6. Minimum Data Requirements for Published Ratings 6.1 Published Ratings. Published sound power ratings shall be for the unit with all components running that are necessary to produce the AHRI standard rating. Additi

47、onally, sound power data may be published for the unit operating at application rating points. 6.1.1 Required. 6.1.1.1 The octave band un-weighted Sound Power Levels to the nearest decibel from 63 Hz to 8,000 Hz. 6.1.1.2 The overall A-weighted Sound Power Level to the nearest decibel covering the ra

48、nge of 50 Hz to 10,000 Hz. 6.1.1.3 Sound measurement type; reverberation room, hemi-anechoic room, free-field over a reflecting plane, or Sound Intensity 6.1.1.4 Rating Conditions and capacity (including entering condenser water and leaving chilled water temperatures) 6.1.2 Optional. The one-third octave band un-weighted Sound Power Levels. AHRI STANDARD 1280-2014_ 5 Section 7. Conformance Conditions 7.1 Conformance. While conformance with this standard is voluntary, conformance shall not be claimed or implied for products or equipm