AIAA S-081B-2018 Space Systems - Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels.pdf

1、 Standard ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 (Revision of AIAA S-081A-2006) AIAA standards are copyrighted by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 12700 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, VA 20191-5807 USA. All rights reserved. AIAA grants you a license as follows: The right to download an e

2、lectronic file of this AIAA standard for temporary storage on one computer for purposes of viewing, and/or printing one copy of the AIAA standard for individual use. Neither the electronic file nor the hard copy print may be reproduced in any way. In addition, the electronic file may not be distribu

3、ted elsewhere over computer networks or otherwise. The hard copy print may only be distributed to other employees for their internal use within your organization. Space SystemsComposite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels i ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 (Revision of AIAA S-081A-2006) American National Standard Spa

4、ce SystemsComposite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels Sponsored by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Approved 12 March 2018 American National Standards Institute Approved 20 March 2018 Abstract This standard establishes baseline requirements for the design, analysis, fabrication, test, i

5、nspection, operation, and maintenance of composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs). These COPVs are used for pressurized, hazardous, or nonhazardous liquid or gas storage in space systems including spacecraft and launch vehicles. This standard is applicable to COPVs constructed with a metal lin

6、er and a carbon fiber/polymer overwrap. ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 ii Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of th

7、e ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted ef

8、fort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conf

9、orming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in th

10、e name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the Am

11、erican National Standards Institute require that action be taken to affirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of approval. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Sta

12、ndards Institute. Published by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 12700 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite 200, Reston, VA 20191 Copyright 2018 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic

13、retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN 978-1-62410-542-5 American National Standard ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 iii Contents 1 Scope . 1 1.1 Purpose . 1 1.2 Applicability 1 1.3 Designation of Responsibilities 1 1.3.1 O

14、wner 1 1.3.2 Procuring Authority . 2 1.3.3 Manufacturer 2 2 Tailoring 2 3 Applicable Documents . 3 4 Vocabulary 4 4.1 Acronyms and Abbreviated Terms . 4 4.2 Terms and Definitions 5 5 General Design 11 5.1 System Analysis . 11 5.1.1 Service Classification . 11 5.1.2 Service Category 12 5.1.3 Maximum

15、Expected Operating Pressure 12 5.1.4 Maximum External Pressure Differential 12 5.1.5 Load, Acoustic, Shock, and Vibration Environment 12 5.1.6 Service Life 13 5.1.7 Volume Capacity . 13 5.1.8 Reserved 13 5.1.9 Physical Envelope 13 5.1.10 Acceptable Leak Rate 13 5.1.11 Mass 13 5.1.12 Cleanliness Leve

16、l . 13 5.1.13 Fluids . 13 5.1.14 Shipping Environment . 14 5.1.15 Mechanical Damage Environment 14 5.1.16 Thermal Environment . 14 5.1.17 Unique Operating Environments 14 5.1.18 Reliability 14 5.2 Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessel Design Parameters 14 5.2.1 Burst Factor . 14 5.2.2 Design Burst P

17、ressure . 14 5.2.3 Proof Pressure . 15 5.2.4 Design Safety Factor 15 5.2.5 Margin of Safety 15 5.2.6 Negative Pressure Differential Design 16 5.2.7 Volume Capacity Design 16 5.2.8 Physical Envelope Design 16 5.2.9 Mass Design 16 5.2.10 Stability Design . 16 5.2.11 Fluid Compatibility Design 16 ANSI/

18、AIAA S-081B-2018 iv 5.2.12 Load, Acoustic, Shock, and Vibration Environment Design 16 5.2.13 Fracture Control Design 17 5.2.13.1 Damage Tolerance Life Design 17 5.2.13.2 Leak Before Burst Design 18 5.2.14 Fatigue Life Design 18 5.2.15 Stress Rupture Design . 18 5.2.16 Unique Operating Environments D

19、esign 19 5.2.17 Reserved . 19 5.2.18 Reserved . 19 5.2.19 Reserved . 19 5.2.20 Reserved . 19 5.2.21 Reserved . 19 5.3 Damage Control Plan . 19 5.4 Materials . 19 6 General Verification 19 6.1 Stability Verification 20 6.2 Fracture Control Verification . 20 6.2.1 Damage Tolerance Life Verification 20

20、 6.2.2 Leak Before Burst Verification 20 6.3 Unique Operating Environments Verification . 20 7 Verification by Analysis . 20 7.1 Metallic Material Properties 21 7.2 Composite Material Properties 21 7.3 Analysis Model 22 7.3.1 Analysis Model Strength 22 7.3.2 Analysis Model Loads . 22 7.3.3 Analysis

21、Model Liner 22 7.3.4 Analysis Model Overwrap 22 7.3.5 Analysis Model Stiffness . 23 7.3.6 Analysis Model Thermal Effects . 23 7.4 COPV Analysis . 23 7.4.1 Proof Pressure Analysis . 23 7.4.2 Design Burst Pressure Analysis 23 7.4.3 Margin of Safety Analysis 23 7.4.4 Negative Pressure Differential Anal

22、ysis 24 7.4.5 Stability Analysis 24 7.4.5.1 Linear Buckling Analysis 25 7.4.5.2 Nonlinear Buckling Analysis 25 7.4.6 Volume Capacity Analysis 25 7.4.7 Physical Envelope Analysis 25 7.4.8 Mass Analysis 25 7.4.9 Load, Acoustic, Shock, and Vibration Environment Analysis 25 7.4.10 Unique Operating Envir

23、onments Analysis 25 7.4.11 Fluid Compatibility Analysis 25 7.4.12 Fatigue Life Analysis 26 7.4.13 Stress Rupture Analysis . 26 7.4.14 Damage Control Plan Analysis 26 ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 v 7.4.15 Reserved . 26 7.4.16 Reserved . 26 7.4.17 Reserved . 26 7.4.18 Reserved . 26 7.4.19 Reserved . 26 7.5 F

24、racture Control Analysis . 26 7.5.1 Damage Tolerance Life Analysis 27 7.5.2 LBB Analysis . 28 7.6 Reliability Engineering Analysis . 28 7.6.1 Reliability Analysis . 28 7.6.2 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis . 28 8 Manufacturing . 29 8.1 Process Control 29 8.2 Corrosion Control and Fluid Compatibil

25、ity . 29 8.3 Embrittlement Control . 29 8.4 Liner Fabrication and Process Control 29 8.5 Overwrap Fabrication and Process Control 29 9 Quality Assurance 30 9.1 QA Program Procedures 30 9.2 Quality Plan . 30 9.3 Qualification Plan 30 9.4 Acceptance Plan 30 9.5 Inspection and Test Plan 30 9.6 Inspecto

26、r (Composite Overwrap) Qualification . 31 9.7 Quality Documentation 31 10 Verification by Test 32 10.1 Damage Tolerance Life Test . 32 10.1.1 Damage Tolerance Life TestCoupon Specimens 32 10.1.2 Damage Tolerance Life TestCOPV Specimens . 33 10.2 LBB Test . 34 10.2.1 LBB TestCoupon Specimens 34 10.2.

27、2 LBB TestCOPV Specimen . 34 10.3 Damage Control Test . 35 10.3.1 Worst case threat damage tolerance life testing . 35 10.3.2 Visual mechanical damage threshold testing . 35 10.3.3 Protective cover testing 35 10.3.4 Damage indicator testing 36 10.4 Qualification Test 36 10.4.1 Qualification Test Ins

28、trumentation . 37 10.4.2 Nondestructive Testing 37 10.4.3 Physical Envelope Test 38 10.4.4 Mass Test 38 10.4.5 Volume Capacity Test . 38 10.4.6 Proof Test 38 10.4.7 Leak Test . 39 10.4.8 Pressure Cycle Test 39 ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 vi 10.4.9 Load, Acoustic, Shock, Vibration, and External Loads Test.

29、 39 10.4.10 Burst Test . 39 10.4.11 Stability Test 39 10.4.12 Unique Operating Environments Test 40 10.4.13 Reserved . 40 10.5 Validation of Analysis Model With Qualification Test Data 40 10.6 Acceptance Tests . 40 11 Operations and Maintenance . 41 11.1 Operating Procedures 41 11.2 Safe Operating L

30、imits . 41 11.3 Special Requirements for Pressurized COPVs . 41 11.4 Embrittlement Control . 42 11.5 Inspection and Maintenance . 42 11.6 Material Review Board 42 11.7 Repair and Refurbishment . 42 11.8 Storage 43 11.9 Operations Documentation . 43 12 Documentation Retention . 43 Annex (Informative)

31、 44 List of Tables Table 1. Determination of Burst Factor, Proof Factor, Negative Pressure Factor, and Design Safety Factor . 15 Table A. Design Requirements Verification Matrix 44 ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 vii Foreword This version of S-081 was developed as an industry consensus to represent accepted p

32、ractices for the design, analysis, fabrication, test, inspection, operation, and maintenance of composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs) in space systems. This version of S-081 was developed in collaboration with manufacturers, launch-site operators, range safety authorities, and individuals a

33、ffiliated with universities and government entities. The key elements in the revised version of this standard are as follows: Reformatted the requirements to align with ANSI/AIAA S-080A-2018, Space SystemsMetallic Pressure Vessels, Pressurized Structures, and Pressure Components Updated the requirem

34、ents for liner design and verification including requirements for damage tolerance life (formerly referred to as safe life) and leak before burst Articulated the responsibility of the owner, manufacturer, and procuring authority Organized the requirements into separate sections for design, analysis,

35、 and test Added a design requirements verification matrix Added sections to identify the manufacturing, quality assurance, and operations and maintenance requirements Added requirements for maximum mass and required volume Expanded the requirements for stability Added requirements for quantifiable r

36、eliability and a failure modes and effects analysis Identified requirements associated with reuse Articulated requirements for data documentation Incorporated loading spectra into the service life Added references to ASTM standards for inspection. The AIAA Aerospace Pressure Vessels (APV) Committee

37、on Standards (CoS) was initially formed in March 1996 as a working group within the AIAA Structures Committee on Standards with an emphasis on inclusion of aerospace prime companies, pressure vessel suppliers, and all applicable government agencies. Deliberations focused on adapting the standard to

38、address commercial procurement of aerospace composite pressure vessels. The current members of the AIAA APV CoS appreciate the valuable input from several original members, and express their gratitude to past committee members and reviewers whose contributions over many years have resulted in an imp

39、roved standard. At the time of approval of this document, members of the APV CoS were: Michael Kezirian, Chair University of Southern California Nathanael Greene, Co-Chair NASA Johnson Space Center Alejandro Vega, Co-Chair U.S. Air Force ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 viii Subcommittee Chairpersons: Kevin Ca

40、se U.S. Department of Defense Owen Greulich NASA Headquarters Lorie Grimes-Ledesma NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Joe Hamilton APT Research Norman Newhouse Hexagon Lincoln John Thesken* NASA Glenn Research Center Tommy Yoder NASA White Sands Test Facility Members: Pravin Aggarwal* NASA Marshall Spac

41、e Flight Center Joachim Beek* NASA Johnson Space Center Harold Beeson* NASA White Sands Test Facility Manoj Bhatia* Keystone Engineering Robert Biggs Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company Randy Brown* Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company Matt Buchholz* MasterWorks Composite Solutions Jim Chang Anal

42、ytical Mechanics Associates Robert Conger Microcosm, Inc. Harry Conomos Moog, Inc. John Duke, Jr. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Amy Engelbrecht-Wiggans Cornell University Paul Fabian Composite Technology Development, Inc. Scott Forth Spaceship Company Susan Gavin Independent Te

43、chnical Advisor Engineering Contractor Wes Geiman Vivace Corporation Robert Geuther* U.S. Air Force, 45th Space Wing Vinay Goyal The Aerospace Corporation Jon Griffith Blue Origin Tim Gurshin* Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company Jim Harris MasterWorks Composite Solutions Luis Hernandez GeoControl

44、Systems Inc. Mike Holt Virgin Orbit ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 ix Kaiser Imtiaz The Boeing Company Sri Iyengar Independent Consultant Michael Kelly FAA/AST Peter Kinsman Aerojet Rocketdyne Andre Lavoie Virgin Galactic Joseph Lewis* NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edward Lira U.S. Department of Defense Dav

45、id McColskey National Institute of Standards and Technology Dan Mueller Space Exploration Technologies Corporation Cornelius Murray General Dynamics / OTS Yenyih Ni The Aerospace Corporation Jay Nightingale Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company Michael Papadopoulos* The Aerospace Corporation James P

46、atterson HyPerComp Engineering Kevin Richards Orbital ATK Michael Robinson* Boeing Markus Rufer Scorpius Space Launch Company Rick Russell* NASA Kennedy Space Center Regor Saulsberry* NASA White Sands Test Facility Joseph Seidler USAF, 45th Space Wing KaySiegel H2Safe, LLC Gerben Sinnema European Sp

47、ace Agency Kirk Sneddon Arde, Inc. Brian Spencer* Spencer Composites Mark Stevens MEI Technologies Michael Surratt* University of Southern California Jim Sutter* Independent Consultant Pete Taddie* NASA Kennedy Space Center Walter Tam* ATK Space Bruce Wallace Boeing Jess Waller HX5, Inc. Daniel Went

48、zel* NASA White Sands Test Facility ANSI/AIAA S-081B-2018 x Jerry Widmar NASA Johnson Space Center Paul Wilde* Federal Aviation Administration Steven Wilson United Launch Alliance Robert Wingate* NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Kamil Wlodarczyk Orbital ATK NOTE Names marked with an asterisk partic

49、ipated as Observer, nonvoting member. The above consensus body approved this document in December 2017. The AIAA Standards Executive Council (Allen Arrington, Chairperson) accepted the document for publication in March 2018. The AIAA Standards Procedures dictates that all approved standards, recommended practices, and guides are advisory only. Their use by anyone engaged in industry or trade is entirely voluntary. There is no agreement to adhere to any AIAA standards publication and no commitment to conform to or be guided by standards reports.