AIIM MS5-1992 Microfiche《缩微胶片》.pdf

1、AIIM MS5 72 3032348 0500257 475 m ANSUAIIM MS5-1992 O O e Cu Q) Q) v) a a Microfiche Standard I I ! - .-: -.-=-*,- i z i i-=;+-.:* LI Approved As Federal Information PioeeSSing Siandard (FIPS #54-1) I Association for Information and Image Management 1 1 O0 Wayne Avenue, Suite 1 1 O0 Silver Spring, M

2、aryland 2091 O Telephone 301 /587-8202 I- I I I -l Approved As December 21, 1992 I AIIM MS5 92 m 1012348 O500260 197 m This standard has been adopted for federal government use. Details concerning its use within the federal government are contained in Federal Information Processing Standards Publica

3、tion 54-1. For a complete list of the publications available in the Federal Information Processing Standards series, write to the Standards Processing Coordinator (ADP), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. Standard for Information and Image Management - Microfiche

4、 Association for Information and Image Management AIIM MS5 72 LOL23Y8 0500262 TbT 9 Table of Contents Foreword i 1. Scope . 1 2. References . 1 2.1 Referenced American National Standards . . 1 2.2 Other Referenced Standards . 1 2.3 Other Referenced Publications . 1 3. Definitions. 1 4. Physical Char

5、acteristics of the Microfiche 2 4.1 General . 2 4.2 Sheet Size . 2 4.3 Corner Rounding 2 4.4 Cut-off Corners,. 2 4.5 Identification of the Sensitized Side . 2 4.6 Microfilm Thickness 2 4.7 Squareness and Edge Straightness of Sheets 3 4.8 Curl and Bow . 3 4.9 Heading Backing . 3 4.10 Safety Film. . 3

6、 3 5.1 General . 3 5.2 Arrangement of Frames . 3 5.3 Document or Imaginary Document Sizes . . 3 5.4 Reduction Ranges 3 6. Microimage Placement and Orientation 4 6.1 Microimage Placement 4 6.2 Heading Placement . 4 6.3 Contents of the Heading 4 6.4 Pagination 5 6.5 Frame Identification 5 6.6 Cut Mark

7、 . 5 6.7 Sectional Microfilming 5 7. Quality Control 5 7.1 Quality Control Target. . 5 7.2 Quality Requirements . 5 5. Types of Microfiche . Figures Figure la Examples of Right Reading 2 Figure lb Examples of Reverse Reading. . 2 Figure 2 Microfiche Format 24/63 . 6 Figure 3 Microfiche Format 24/98

8、. 7 Figure 4 Microfiche Format 48/270 8 Figure 5 Microfiche Format 48/420 9 Figure 6 Sequences for Sectionalizing Documents . 10 Table 1 Microfiche Formats, Document Sizes, and Reductions 4 Appendix A Microfiche Formats for 1 :20 and 1 :42 Nominal Reductions 1 1 Appendix B Nominal Image and Frame Di

9、mensions for Microfiche Formats . 15 Appendix C Pagination Modes. . 16 Appendix D Dimensional Tolerances . 16 17 Appendix E Alternative Reduction Ratios Foreword (This foreword is not part of the American National Standard for Information and Image Management- Microfiche, ANSUAIIM MS5-1992.) Since t

10、he first American National Standard for Microfiche of Documents was completed in 1970, the micrographics field has seen major changes and advances in technology. Although this document was revised in 1975, the rapidly expanding use of microfiche and the need to recognize the accepted practices, proc

11、edures, and formats dictated its revision in 1991. A number of major factors in- fluenced the changes that were made to the standard at that time. This standard replaces ANSI/AIIM MS5-1991 which superseded ANSUAIIM MS5-1985 and those portions of ANSUAIIM MS2-1!978 that referenced microfiche. First,

12、some reduction ratios and microfiche formats have gained such wide acceptance as to constitute de facto standards. Over fifteen years ago, 1:48 was a rare reduction ratio for COM, much less for source document microfilming; today, it is common- place. Although this standard recognizes the widespread

13、 use of 1:24 and 1:48 reductions and the associated microfiche for- mats, the continuing use of 1:20 and 1:42 reduction ratios is also acknowledged and retained in Appendix A. The use of other reduction ratios, such as 1:72, must also be noted; should their use become commonplace, their inclusion in

14、 an appendix or the body of the standard may be warranted in the future. Second, the use of microfiche as computer-output microform has resulted in COM becoming one of the major sources of the microfiche medium. The benefits of compatible microfiche, no matter how produced, have also been recognized

15、. As a result, one microfiche standard for both source documents and computer- output microfiche is now appropriate. Third, much progress has been made in the area of quality control in both computer-output and source docu- ment microfilming. While this standard is not intended to duplicate or repea

16、t the quality controls that are speci- fied in other standards or practices, it is important to real- ize that microfiche formats and reduction ratios cannot be considered independent of quality requirements. There- fore, reference to such requirements is provided through- out this standard. Fourth,

17、 the expanding use of microfiche in both pri- vate and public applications has increased the demand for information concerning accepted practices and procedures. Such information ranges from the seemingly simple areas of how to microfilm documents of different sizes within the accepted formats and r

18、eductions to the more complex 1 AIIM MS5 92 LOL234B 0500263 9Tb = areas of dimensional tolerances and the effects of temper- ature and humidity. This standard, therefore, includes such guidance. Finally, it should be noted that this standard does not purport to provide the only possible approach to

19、the use of microfiche. Many other formats of microfiche are ac- ceptable for various purposes. Microfiche with the entire microimaging area containing only one or a couple of microimages of maps or drawings are suitable for special- ized applications. High and ultra-high reduction micro- fiche, prod

20、uced in one or two steps, and duplicates of jacket microforms also are not discussed in this standard. For such applications, standards and technical reports are being developed or wiil be developed in the future. Also, in 1992, the corner cut dimensions in this stan- dard (Section 4.5.2 Corner Cuts

21、) was modified to align with the dimensions in new, related international standards. IS0 9923 Micrographics-Transparent A6 Microfiche Image Arrangements has been approved and publication is pending. IS0 9923 is a revision of IS0 2707-1980, IS0 2708- 1980 and IS0 5126-1980. Dimensions contained in AN

22、SI/AIIM MS5 are in accordance with those in IS0 9923. A revision of IS0 4330-1987, Photography - Determi- nation of the Curl of Photographic Film, is in process. It will replace IS0 4330-1987. This IS0 4330 standard will also most likely replace ANSI IT9.10-1991, For Imaging Media-Determination of t

23、he Curl of Photographic Film. Both IS0 4330 and IT9.10 are referenced standards for this version of MS5. It is also anticipated that ANSI 239-32-1981, Information on Microfiche Headings, will undergo a revi- sion in the near future. Additionally, ANSUAIIM MS1, Recommended Practice for Alphanumeric C

24、omputer-Output Microforms-Operational Practices for Inspection and Qual- ity Control, also referenced in this standard, is being revised by AIIM C4, Committee on Quality and Control. Suggestions for changes or improvements to this stan- dard are welcome and should be sent to the Chairman, AIIM Stand

25、ards Board, Association for Information and Image Management, 1100 Wayne Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910. At the time this standard was approved, the Standards Board of the Association for Information and Image Management had the foilowing members: Marilyn Courtot, Chair Thomas C. Bagg Thomas

26、E. Berney Consultant Association for Information and Image Management National Institute of Standards and Technology 11 Loretta DAgnolo Bruce Evans Bruce A. Holroyd Don Klosterboer E. Brien Lewis Charles A. Plesums George Thoma Charles F. Touchton Herbert J. White II American Express Company 3M Comp

27、any Eastman Kodak Company Anacomp, Inc. I-NET, Inc. USAA National Library of Medicine IBM Corporation Genealogical Society of Utah The AHM Supply Committee, C 1 1, processed and ap- proved this standard. The following were members of the committee at the time of approval: Organization Representative

28、 Consultant Air Force Material Command Anacomp, Inc. Canon, Inc. Eastman Kodak Company First Image Management Fuji Photo Film U.S.A. Genealogical Society of Genealogical Society of Micrographic Equipment MicroMedia Laboratories, National Institute of Company Utah Utah Design, Inc. Inc. Standards and

29、 Technology Thomas E. Berney, Chair Geo. Biach Don Klosterboer Tony Fujinuma Robert Breslawski William Neale Jack Tachibana Eric Erickson Steve Stucki Timothy Gaia McDonald R. Stewar Thomas C. Fagg AIIM MS5 92 1012348 0500264 832 = American National Standard for Information and Image Management - Mi

30、crofiche, ANSI/AIIM MS5I992 1. Scope This standard applies to microfiche produced as a result of source document and computer-output microfilm- ing. This standard does not preclude the use of other stan- dards for unitized microforms. 2. References Ail standards are subject to revision. When the fol

31、- lowing documents are superseded by an approved revision, that revision may apply. 2.1 Referenced American National Standards ANSIhT9.6-1991 (IS0 543), Photographic Films - Specifi- cations for Safety Film. ANSI/IT9.10-1991, Photography (Film) - Methods for De- termining Curl. ANSI/IT9.11-1991 (IS0

32、 5466), Imaging Media - Processed Safety Film - Storage. ANSI PH1.19-1990, Photographic Sheet Films-Designation of Emulsion Side. ANSI PH1.43-1985, Photography (Film)-Processed Safety Film-Storage. ANSI PH1.51-1990, Photography (Film)-Micrographic Sheet and Roll Film-Dimensions. ANSI 239.32-1981, In

33、formation on Microfiche Headings. ANWAIIM MS 1-1988, Information and Image Manage- ment-Recommended Practice for Alphanumeric Computer-Output Microforms-Operational Practices for Inspection and Quality Control. ANSUAIIM MS23-1991, Information and Image Manage- ment-Practice for Operational Procedure

34、s/Inspection and Quality Control of First Generation, Silver-Gelatin Microfilm of Documents. ANSI/ISO 3334-1991 (ANSUAIIM MS51-1991), Microcopy- ing: IS0 Test Chart No. 2 - Description and Use in Photo- graphic Documentary Reproduction. 2.2 Other Referenced Standards IS0 554-1976, International Stan

35、dard for Atmospheres for Conditioning and/or Testing-Specifications. IS0 4330-1987, International Standard for Photography- Determination of the Curl of Photographic Film. 2.3 Other Referenced Publications AIIM TR2-1992, Technical Report for Information and Im- age Management - Glossary of Imaging T

36、echnology. 3. Definitions The following definitions apply to terms that appear in this standard. Other terms are defined in AIIM TR2, Tech- nical Report for Information and Image Management - Glos- sary of Imaging Technology. Column. A vertical series of images on microfiche one single frame in widt

37、h, and the height of that portion of the microfiche grid which is reserved for microimages. COM. (Computer Output Microfilm) Technique for generation of microforms direct from computer output, either on-line or off-line. Distribution Microfiche. The distribution microfiche is not defined in terms of

38、 generations. It is any microfiche intended for actual use, as distinct from camera and inter- mediate microfiche whose function it is to create micro- fiche for distribution. A distribution microfiche is a working copy that is expected to be filed, retrieved, and used. The normal use of a distribut

39、ion microfiche may be for display on a reader, re-enlargment on a printer or reader-printer, or contact printing to produce a duplicate COPY * Frame. A rectangular area on the microfiche bounded by imaginary intersecting grid lines within which a microimage may be recorded. The grid lines shal be pa

40、rt of gauges used for checking microfiche, but they do not actually ap- pear on the microfiche. Frame, Single. A frame which is bounded by adjacent pairs of grid lines; the smallest subdivision of a grid. Frame, Double. A combination of two horizontal, adja- cent single frames. Grid Line. An imagina

41、ry vertical or horizontal line which defines an edge of the frame boundary. The line is of zero width on the microfiche proper and does not infringe on the usable area of a single or double frame. Heading. Inscription placed at the top of the microfiche to identify its contents. It is readable witho

42、ut magnifica- tion. It may also contain machine-readable information. 1 Heading Backing. An opaque or semi-opaque treatment applied to the back of the heading area to make the head- ing more readily visible by reflected light. Imaginary Document. A document of the appropriate size that would have ex

43、isted if the COM-generated microimage had been produced by source document microfilming. Information Area. The area of a document that contains information, usually exclusive of the margin. Margin, Document. In a document, the space between the information area and the edges of the sheet. Microfiche

44、. A transparent sheet of microfilm with micro- images arranged in a grid pattem. A heading large enough to be read without magnification appears at the top of the microfiche in a space reserved for this purpose. Microfiche Set. Two or more microfiche. A lead micro- fiche followed by one or more addi

45、tional microfiche. Quality Index. The subjective relationship between legi- bility of printed text and the resolution pattern resolved in a microimage. Note: used to pre-determine camera/mic- rofilm requirements to ensure legibility in the resulting microimages. Right-Reading. Orientation of text or

46、 images in normal sequence for reading, even if the material is rotated from an upright position. Right-reading is the opposite of reverse reading, which describes a mirror image. (See Figures la and lb.) - Figure la. Examples of Right Reading Figure lb. Examples of Reverse Reading Row. A horizontal

47、 series of microimages on a microfiche. Source Document Microfilming. The conversion of docu- ments, usually paper, to microimages. 2 4. Physical Characteristics of the Microfiche 4.1 General. Physical characteristics of the microfiche shall conform to ANSI PH1.51. 4.2 Sheet Size. Nominal sheet size

48、s shall be 105 mm x 148 mm (nominal IS0 A6 size). See Figures 2 through 5 and Appendix D for tolerances and other information that could affect the dimensional characteristics. 4.3 Corner Rounding. The comers of any microfiche may be rounded, with the exception of those comers which were previously

49、subjected to a corner cut. Where corner round- ing is employed, the process shail not remove any more than 3 mm of either of the two sides which form the corner. 4.4 Cut-Off Corners. Where segments of an edge have been removed due to corner rounding or corner cuts, a straight line, extending the remainder of the edge in the relevant direction, shall constitute the basis for measur- ing dimensions and spacing. 4.5 Identification of the Sensitized Side. To facilitate microfiche-to-microfiche copying, a notch or corner cut may be used to identify the sensitized layer of a sheet of photograp