AIR FORCE MIL-STD-805 B-1987 TOWING FITTINGS AND PROVISIONS FOR MILITARY AIRCRAFT DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR《军用航行器的牵引装置和供应的设计要求》.pdf

1、flIL-STD-d5B3b W 7777733 0027qb7 O .“ . c- /wo- “ MIL-STD-805B 7 SEPTEMBER 1987 SUPERSEDING 18 March 1974 MIL-STD-805A MILITARY STANDARD TOWING FITTINGS AND PROVISIONS FOR MILITARY AIRCRAFT, DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR ,- THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS .2- PAGES. AMSC N/A Distribution Statement A. Approved for

2、public release: Distribution is unlimited. FSC 1620 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON, D.C. 20402 Towing Fittingi and Provisions for Military Aircraft, Design Requirements For This standard is approved f

3、or use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Naval Air Engineering Center, Systems Engineering and Standardization Departm

4、ent (Code 931, Lakehurst, N.J. 08733-5100, by using the self-addressed Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document or by letter. ii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1 I i i P L i P

5、aragraph 1. 1.1 2. 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 3. 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 5. 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS - Government documents - Specifications and standards - Other Government documents, drawings, and publications - Order of prece

6、dence - 2 2 2 2 3 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 iii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-flIL“STD-805B Lb m 9999913 0029q70-O m CONTENTS - Continued. Figure Table 5.8 5.9 5.10 6. 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 1. 2. 3. I. II. III. IV V. Proof of design featu

7、res and Government furnished property - Government ?oaned property - provisions . FIGURES Page 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 16 TABLES Universal towbars by classification- 5 Holl-ow axle dimensions - 7 7 Lug or ring dimensions - 8 Spool dimensions . Towing test condition _-_-_-_- 13 i v- Provided by IHSNo

8、t for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MI L-STD-8056 1. SCOPE 1.1 Purpose. Thi s standard covers general design requi rement.s for towing fittings and provisions which are an integral part of military aircraft equipped with a wheel-type landing gear or skids

9、. 1.2 Functions. The function of this standard shall be to standardize and maintain the configuration (SI of all aircraft towing fitings with a secondary goal of maintaining common ground support equipment interface of towbars and spotting dollies. This standardization effort shall apply to all land

10、 or carrier bases military aircraf of the Deparhnent of Defense or its allies. 1.3 Applicability. It is intended that this standard shall be applicable to all newly developed military aircraft. As a goal, it is desirable that commercial or modified commercial aircraft be equipped with towing fitting

11、s that are compatible with existing DOD inventory ground support equipment towbars. 1 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8056 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1 Government documents. 2.1.1 Specifications and standards. Unless othewise s

12、pecified, the following specifications and standards of the issue listed in that issue of the Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DoDISS) specified in the solicitation form a part of this standard to the extent specified herein. SPECIFICATION MI LITARY MIL-F-7179 - Finishes,

13、 Coatings, and Sealants for Protection MIL-S-7742 - Screw Threads, Standard Optimum Selected Series, MIL-A-8863 - Airplane Strength and Rigidity Ground Loads for MIL-L-87139 - Landing Gear Systems of Aerospace Weapons System. General Specification for Navy Procured Airplanes, STANDARDS DOD-STD-100 -

14、 Engineering Drawing Practices. MIL-STD-889 - Dissimilar Metals. 2.1.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and pub1 ications. The following other Government documents, drawings, and publications form a part of this standard to the extent specified herein. DRAW1 NGS ARMY AA1730-1251 - Towbar, Aircr

15、aft, Uni versa1 . AIR FORCE 55522139 - Towbar, Aircraft, Type MD-1, Universal, Assembly of. , 2 MI LI TARY Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STO-805B NAVAL AIR SYSTEMS COMMAND 1479AS100-8 Albar (Adjustable Length Bar). 1479AS200-15

16、Albar. 1479AS300-20 Albar. 1479AS400-24 Albar. PUBLICATIONS NAVAL AIR SYSTEMS COMMAND 19-1-37 - Towbar, Aircraft, Model Albar and Model NT-4/NT-4A. (Copies of specifications, standards, drawings, and publications required by contractors in connection with specific acquisition functions should be obt

17、ained from the contracting activity or as directed by the contracting officer.) 2.1.3 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this standard and the references cited herein, the text of this standard shall take precedence. 3 “ Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction o

18、r networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-805B 3. DEFINITIONS O 3.1 Fittings. The fittings as stated herein are the structural provisions on the aircraft that provide mechanical attachment of the towbar, and transmit the towbar loads necessary for moving and maneuvering the aircraf

19、t when it is on the ground. 3.2 Drawbar. The drawbar shall be that part of the spotting dolly or tow vehicle which connects to the towbar and functions to transmit the towing force. The drawbar is a standard item of ground support which is part of the tow vehicle. a a 3.3 Lugs or rings. Lugs and rin

20、gs are required to be provided on the .ircraf.t main landing gear, for the purpose of emergency towing, when the .ircraft has over run a hard surface runway or taxiway. Lugs or rings shall be positioned to permit towing of the aircraft in the forward or aft directions, with the use of tow cables, wi

21、thout damage to the aircraft or any component part. 3.4 Military aircraft. Military aircraft as used herein refers to those aircraft acquired by the Armed Forces using their formal documents, specifications and standards to acquire a new weapon system for specific mission use. Air Force examples of

22、this type of aircraft are C-9 MED AIR EVAC (DC-91, C-43 NAV Trainer (Boeing 737), KC-10 Tanker (DC-10) and the E-4A Airborne Command Post (Boeing 747). 3.5 Nose gear bar. The nose gear bar shall be a cylindrical bar or pin O designed to be in a horizontal position located in front of and attached to

23、 the nose gear assembly and to be provided with a sufficient clearance for tires and any other parts of the aircraft. 3.6 Towbar(s1. Towbar(s1 are a standardized item of ground support equipment that transmits the drawbar force to the aircraft. It is the interface between the aircraft and the SD-1 s

24、potting dolly or tow vehicle. While the towbar transmits the drawbar force to the aircraft, by its length it provides sufficient clearance between the aircraft fuselage and the height of the SD-1 spotting dolly or tow vehicle. The towbar is used to move, turn or position the aircraft in either forwa

25、rd or reverse direction, it provides sufficient clearances for these operations in the hanger, hanger deck, flight line, flight deck or airfields, or for parking or spotting. 3.7 Towing force. When towing, the aircraft shall be in a three-point attitude such that the resultant of the vertical reacti

26、ons at the ground are equal to the weight of the aircraft which pass through the center of gravity (CG). The towing force shall act parallel to the ground and shall be equal to the drawbar pull of the towing vehicle. The towing force shall consist of the inertia of the aircraft, the condition of the

27、 ground vs. wheels, skids, etc., and due to the landing gear configuration the direction of the tow load parallel to the ground but vectored through the CG. 9 4 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MI L-STD-805B 4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 4.1

28、 Design. The towing fittings shall meet the requirements of -MIL-A-8863 or MIL-L-87139 and shall be designed for use with universal towbars conforming to Table I. All towbar and fitting designs.to be fully coordinated to be compatible with the strut design. The strength of the towi-ng fittings shall

29、 be designed in accordance with the aircraft weights and given ground conditions, all probable load conditions on the fittings shall be considered. The design.shallalso include human engineering factors as well a! safety considerations. TABLE I. Universal towbars by classification Classification Air

30、craft Weight in of Towbars Pounds (kg) 1 Light Duty 2 Medi um Duty 3 Heavy Duty O to 17,000 (7711) O to 30,000 (13608) O to 40,000 (18144) O to 75,000 (34020) O to 90,000 (40824) 10,000 to 350,000 (4,536) (158,760) 350,000 to 850,000 ( 158,760) (385,560) Towbar Application Drawing No. AA1730-1251 Ar

31、my AT1 1479AS1 O0 Navy Al 1 . 1479AS400 Navy All 1 479AS300 Navy Al 1 - 1479AS200 Navy All 555221 39 Air Force F-15, F-16, A-10, C-1 30, C-1 41 personnel Towbar Weight in Pounds (kg) 128 (58.1) 255 (115.7) 218 (98.9) 170 (77.1) 550 (249.5) 4.2 Materials. Materials shal-l be of the aircraft quality,

32、of the lightest practicabLe weight, suitable for the purpose intended, and shall be approved by the procuring activity. The towing fittings shall be fabricated of metal only. The metals used shall be treated to withstand corrosion caused by fuels, s-alt fog, or other atmospheric conditions when in s

33、torage or during normal service use. The protective finish shall be in accordance with MIL-F-7179. 4.3 Dissimilar metals. Unless suitably protected against electrolytic corrosion, dissimilar metals shall not be used in intimate contact with each other. Dissimilar metals are defined in MIL-STD-889, 5

34、 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8055 4.4 Interchangeability. A11 parts having the same manufacturers part number shal V be directly and completely interchangeable with each other in O respect to installation and performance.

35、Changes in manufacturers part numbers shall be governed by the drawing number requirements of DOD-STD-100. The screw threads of the towing fittings shall be in accordance with 7742. Al-1 threaded parts s-hall be either positively locked QT safeti 4.5 Drawings. Contractors drawing of each new towi-ng

36、 fittings shall be submited to the procuring activiy for examinations and to comrJliance with the reauirements of DOD-STD-100 o the level establi S MIL-S- ed . design de term hed by i ne the procuring activity. These drawings shall contain no restricions or limiting conditions. 4.6 Towing operations

37、. Towing provisions shall permit the following operations: a. Towing- or pushing the aircraft rapidTy either forward or rearward and under positive con-trol of the towing vehicle during all type of ground maneuvers. b. Maneuvering aircraff: in limited areas, such as hangars, revetments, carrier deck

38、s, and rapid respoting on carrier decks. c. Maneuvering aircraft on prepared runways, taxiways, and unprepared siri ps. d. Maneuvering aircraft in mud conditions. e. Maneuvering aircraft on inc incTuding startups. f. Time-to-completion shall be maintenance requirements. 4. Al 1 turn-around-times (TA

39、T) , snow, and sand; unusual ground lined surfaces of 3 percent g.rade, deermined for any spotting or shall be established using a towbar used shall - - suppTied as Government furnished property. h. For final deveTopment or preproduction tests the towbar Govenment loaned propery. be 4.7 Workmanship.

40、 Norkmanship shall be of a high-grade or aircraft quaTity production specializing in highly-stressed interchangeable equipments and of a quality control able to provide all towing fittings free from any defects that could affect towing for any type of maneuvering during ground operations. These fitt

41、ings shall be properly installed to accept the loads and configuration as applied through the towbar. 6 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-. . - . . MIL-STD-BO5B Lb m 77777LL 0027977 3 m I .- MIL-STD-8058 5. DETAIL REQUIREMENTS 5.1 Nose-

42、wheel, bicycle, .tail-wheel, and skid type aircraft. 5.1.1 Nose and tai 1 gear. A recess, with a depth and a diameter as indicated in Table II, shall be provided in each end of the nose-wheel or tail-wheel axle. The recess shall extend inboard from each outer face of the axle centerline, equivalent

43、recesses shall be so positioned as to maintain horizontal alignment with the axle. On those aircraft where attachment of the towbar by means of the recess.is considered to be impracticable, suitable attachment provisions shall be provided on the gear strut assembly in accordance with the spool dimen

44、sions contained in Table III. All towbar attachment provisions shall be such that gear steering can ba accomplished with the towbar and shall be as near the centerline of the axle as practicable. TABLE II. Hollow axle dimensions Aircraft Weight . Hollow Axle in in Inches (NM) in Pounds (kg) Minimum

45、Depth of Axle Inside Diameter . Inches (MM) o to 195,000 1 (25.40) 314 -0 +1/64 488 , 450) (19.05 -0 +0,40 195,000 to 495,000 1-1/2 (38.10) 1-1/4 -0 +1/32 (88,450) (224,527) 431.75 -0 +0.79) TABLE III. Spool dimensions 1/ I I 1 I Ai rcraf t We i ght Inches (MM) Di ameter in in Pounds (kg) spoo 1 I-

46、l o to 195,000 718 (22.23) 1 (88,450) to 1 (25.40) F 1 ange Intersection Flanges in Inches (MM) Spool-Flange Spool Between Diameter in Radius at Width of Inches +(MN) = in Inches (MM) I I 4 11-112 (38.10) 1 (25.40) 118 (3.175) l l I I I I I I 1 I 495,000 (224,527) to to 3. (76.20) 2.25 (57.15) 650,0

47、00 (294,833) 7.25(184.15) 1/4 (6.35) 2.75 (69.85) 2. (50.80) to I I I I i I 650,000 (294,833) to 2.25 (57.15)to 3. (76.20) to 8.00(203.20) 850,000 (385,551) 2.75 (64.85) 3.50 (88.90) 114 (6.35) I I l I I I 1/ A 1.500 inch spool may be used in the range 150,000 to 195,000 pounds if the design of the

48、undercarriage necessitates the larger spool, 7 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- tlIL-STD-eO5B 16 9979711 0029478 5 MIL-STD-805B NOTE: Design a clearance to be located both above and below the centerline of the nose gear bar. This clearance is to be 2 314 times the diameter of the nose gear bar as m asured above and below its centerline. The length of this cleareance shall extend over the entire length of the nose gear bar. 5.1.2 Main gear. Fo