API MPMS 4.5-2016 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 4.5 Master Meter Provers (FOURTH EDITION).pdf

1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 4.5 Master Meter ProversFOURTH EDITION, JUNE 2016Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 4.5Master Meter ProversMeasurement Coordination DepartmentFOURTH EDITION, JUNE 2016Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a gene

2、ral nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to t

3、he accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other a

4、ssignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no r

5、epresentation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are

6、 published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API

7、 publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API doe

8、s not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.Users of this Standard should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the i

9、nformation contained herein.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, A

10、PI Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2016 American Petroleum InstituteForewordChapter 4 of the Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards was prepared as a guide for the design, installation, calibration, and operation of meter proving systems commonly used by the

11、 majority of petroleum operators. The devices and practices covered in this chapter may not be applicable to all liquid hydrocarbons under all operating conditions. Other types of proving devices that are not covered in this chapter may be appropriate for use if agreed upon by the parties involved.T

12、his publication is primarily intended for use in the United States and is related to the standards, specifications, and procedures of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). When the information provided herein is used in other countries, the specifications and procedures of the a

13、ppropriate national standards organizations may apply. Where appropriate, other test codes and procedures for checking pressure and electrical equipment may be used.For the purposes of business transactions, limits on error or measurement tolerance are usually set by law, regulation, or mutual agree

14、ment between contracting parties. This publication is not intended to set tolerances for such purposes; it is intended only to describe methods by which acceptable approaches to any desired accuracy can be achieved.API MPMS Chapter 4 now contains the following sections:Section 1, IntroductionSection

15、 2, Displacement ProversSection 4, Tank ProversSection 5, Master Meter ProversSection 6, Pulse InterpolationSection 7, Field-Standard Test MeasuresSection 8, Operation of Proving SystemsSection 9.1, Introduction to Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank ProversSection 9.2, Determinatio

16、n of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Waterdraw Method of CalibrationSection 9.3, Determination of the Volume of Displacement Provers by the Master Meter Method of CalibrationSection 9.4, Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Gravimetric Method of Cali

17、brationNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyon

18、e against liability for infringement of letters patent.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of t

19、his publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or a

20、ny part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascerta

21、ined from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington,

22、 DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Master Meter Factor (

25、MMF), Proving the Master Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.2 Single

26、Operating Flow Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.3 Multiple Operating Flow Rates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27、. . . 46.4 Master Meters used in Load Racks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.5 Establishing the Master Meter Factor (MMF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、. . . . 46.6 Considerations Regarding Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Master Meter Operational Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、 . . . . 57.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.2 Displacement Meters as a Master Meter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.3 Turbine Meter as a Master Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 Coriolis Meter as a Master Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.5 Ultrasonic Meter as a Master Meter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Master Meter Factor Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Annex A (normative) Random Uncertainty Master Meter Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Annex B (informative) MMF Combined Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Annex C (informative) Master Meter Factor Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Annex D (informative) Gravimetric Proving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Annex E (informative) Coriolis Meter Zeroing Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Figures1 Master Meter Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Tables1 Random Uncertainty of Master Meter Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A.1 Random Uncertainty Master Meter Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9B.1 Examples of Random Uncertainty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10B.2 Examples of Combined Random Uncertainty of an MMF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11v1Master Meter Provers1 ScopeThis standard covers the use of displacement, turbine, Coriolis, and ultrasonic meters as master meters. The requirements in this standard are intended for single-phase liquid hydrocarbons. Meter proving requirements for other fluids should

38、 be appropriate for the overall custody transfer accuracy and should be agreeable to the parties involved. This document does not cover master meters to be used for the calibration of provers. For information concerning master meter calibration of provers, see API MPMS Chapter 4.9.3.2 Normative Refe

39、rencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. API MPMS Chapter 4.8, Operation of Proving

40、SystemsAPI MPMS Chapter 4.9.2, Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Waterdraw Method of CalibrationAPI MPMS Chapter 4.9.3, Determination of the Volume of Displacement Provers by the Master Meter Method of CalibrationAPI MPMS Chapter 5.1, General Considerations for Meas

41、urement by MetersAPI MPMS Chapter 5.2, Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Displacement MetersAPI MPMS Chapter 5.3, Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Turbine MetersAPI MPMS Chapter 5.6, Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Coriolis MetersAPI MPMS Chapter 5.8, Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbon

42、s by Ultrasonic Flow meters Using Transit Time TechnologyAPI MPMS Chapter 12.2.3, Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Measurement Methods and Volumetric Correction Factors, Part 3Proving ReportsAPI MPMS Chapter 13.1, Statistical Concepts and Procedures in MeasurementAPI MPMS Chapter 13

43、.2, Statistical Methods of Evaluating Meter Proving DataAPI MPMS Chapter 20.1, Allocation MeasurementISO 4185, Measurement of Liquid Flow in Closed ConduitsWeighing MethodNOTE For additional information regarding gravimetric proving systems.2CHAPTER 4PROVING SYSTEMS3 Terms and DefinitionsFor the pur

44、poses of this document, the following definitions apply.3.1direct proving methodA proving operation is considered a direct proving when a line meter is proved against: a displacement prover, with a ball or piston type free displacer; a displacement prover, captive displacer (piston and shaft) type,

45、with external detectors; an atmospheric volumetric prover.Using this method, there is no meter other than the line meter in series with the prover.3.2direct master meter proving methodThe method in which the proving of a line meter is performed indirectly by means of a prover in series with the mast

46、er meter and the line meter. Both meters are proved using a common flowing stream at essentially the same time (either simultaneously or “back-to-back”). This method has a higher uncertainty than a direct method, simply by the introduction of a direct master meter into the procedures. However, it cl

47、osely approximates the direct method because all of the testing is conducted using a common flowing stream at essentially the same time and conditions. 3.3indirect master meter proving methodThis proving method requires that the line meter and a master meter be in series. The line meter is proved by

48、 comparison to the master meter whose meter factor (MF) was determined by a previous direct proving on a different flow stream and/or conditions. This method has a significantly higher uncertainty than the other methods because a displacement prover is not in series with the master meter and the lin

49、e meter. 4 ApplicationsMaster meter proving is the method used to prove a line meter with a master meter. In order to minimize the uncertainties of this method, every attempt should be made to determine the master meters meter factor (MMF) by proving the master meter in the same fluid and flowing conditions that will be experienced by both the line meter and the master meter at the time of the line meter proving. In principle this method may have greater uncertainty than the direct proving method. Master meter proving is used when proving by the direct method can not be accomplish