1、Corrosion-resistant Bolting for Use in the Petroleum and Natural Gas IndustriesAPI SPECIFICATION 20FSECOND EDITION, MAY 2018EFFECTIVE DATE: NOVEMBER 1, 2018Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local,state, and feder
2、al laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make anywarranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of theinformation contained herein, o
3、r assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of anyinformation or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors,consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately
4、 owned rights.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure theaccuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, orguarantee in connection with this publication and hereb
5、y expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss ordamage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication mayconflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and oper
6、atingpractices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgmentregarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publicationsis not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practice
7、s.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standardis solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent,warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applic
8、able API standard.Users of this specification should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business,scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduce
9、d, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2018 America
10、n Petroleum InstituteForewordNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for themanufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anythingcontained in the publication be constru
11、ed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patents.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order
12、to conform to the specificationMay: As used in a standard, “may” denotes a course of action permissible within the limits of a standard.Can: As used in a standard, “can” denotes a statement of possibility or capability.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appro
13、priate notification andparticipation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning theinterpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under whichthis publication was developed should be directed in writin
14、g to the Director of Standards, American PetroleumInstitute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or anypart of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffi
15、rmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-timeextension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from theAPI Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is publishedannually and update
16、d quarterly by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW,Washington, D.C. 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Bolting Specification Levels (BSL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 Bolting Types for Qu
19、alification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 Application of the API Monogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 Terms and Definitions . . . .
21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.2 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Qualificati
22、on Bolting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . 44.2 Qualification Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.3 Materials and Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.4 Acceptance of Qualification Bolting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.5 Records of Qualification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.6 Limits of Bolting Qualification-BSL-2 and BSL-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Production of Qualified Bolting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . 75.1 Qualification of Procurement Sources for Raw Material. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.2 Qualification of Suppliers for Subcontracted Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.3 Mat
27、erial Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.4 Manufacturing Process Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
28、.5 Raw Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.6 Chemical Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . 115.7 Mechanical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.8 Metallurgical Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.9 Examination and Test Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.10 Nondestructive Examination (NDE) Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . 125.11 Dimensional Inspection and Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.12 Final Positive Material Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
32、6 Calibration Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Test Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . 148 Marking Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148.1 Product Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Record Retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1510 Storage and Shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Annex A (informative) API Monogram Program-Use of the API Monogram by Licensees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Annex B (normative) Avoidance of Contamination of Nickel Alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Bibliography. . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22vContentsPageTables1 Bolting Test Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Sampling for Dimensional, Surface NDE, and Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 API 6ACRA and UNS R30035 Grade Identification Markings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15viCorrosion-res
38、istant Bolting for Use in the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries 1 Scope 1.1 Purpose This standard specifies requirements for the qualification, production, and documentation of corrosion-resistant bolting used in the petroleum and natural gas industries. 1.2 Applicability This standard applies wh
39、en referenced by an applicable API equipment standard or otherwise specified as a requirement for compliance. 1.3 Bolting Specification Levels (BSL) This standard establishes requirements for two bolting specification levels (BSL). These two BSL designations define different levels of technical, qua
40、lity, and qualification requirements: BSL-2 and BSL-3. The BSLs are numbered in increasing levels of requirements in order to reflect increasing technical, quality, and qualification criteria. BSL-2 and BSL-3 are intended to be comparable to BSL-2 and BSL-3, as found in API 20E. BSL-1 is omitted fro
41、m this standard. 1.4 Bolting Types for Qualification This standard covers the following product forms, processes, and sizes: a) machined studs; b) machined bolts, screws, and nuts; c) cold-formed bolts, screws, and nuts with cut or cold-formed threads; d) hot-formed bolts and screws 1.5 in. (38.1 mm
42、) nominal diameter; e) hot-formed bolts and screws 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) nominal diameter; f) roll threaded studs, bolts, and screws 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) diameter; g) roll threaded studs, bolts, and screws 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) diameter; h) hot-formed nuts 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) nominal diameter; i) hot-formed nuts
43、 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) nominal diameter. 1.5 Application of the API Monogram If the product is manufactured at a facility licensed by API and is intended to be supplied bearing the API Monogram, the requirements of Annex A apply. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensabl
44、e for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies (including any addenda/errata). 2 CORROSION-RESISTANT BOLTING FOR USE IN THE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES API Specificat
45、ion Q1, Specification for Quality Management System Requirements for Manufacturing Organizations for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry API 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment API 6HT, Heat Treatment and Testing of Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Large Cross Section and Critic
46、al Section Components API Standard 6ACRA, Age-hardened Nickel-based Alloys for Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Equipment ANSI/NCSL Z540.31, Requirements for the Calibration of Measuring and Test Equipment ASTM A3702, Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
47、ASTM A453, Standard Specification for High-Temperature Bolting, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels ASTM A751, Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products ASTM A962-17, Standard Specification for Common Requirements for
48、Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range ASTM E10, Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E18, Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E354 Standard Method for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Ele
49、ctrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, Nickel and Cobalt Alloys ASTM E1476, Standard Guide for Metals Identification, Grade Verification, and Sorting ASTM F788, Standard Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series ASTM F812, Standard Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Nuts, Inch and Metric Series ISO 9001, Quality management systems Requirements ISO/IEC 17020, Conformity assessment Requirements for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of t
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