API STD 677-2006 General-Purpose Gear Units for Petroleum Chemical and Gas Industry Services (THIRD EDITION)《石油、化工和天然气工业用一般用途齿轮箱.第3版》.pdf

1、General-Purpose Gear Units forPetroleum, Chemical and GasIndustry ServicesAPI STANDARD 677THIRD EDITION, APRIL 2006REAFFIRMED, NOVEMBER 2010General-Purpose Gear Units forPetroleum, Chemical and GasIndustry ServicesDownstream SegmentAPI STANDARD 677THIRD EDITION, APRIL 2006REAFFIRMED, NOVEMBER 2010SP

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15、g.iiiCONTENTSPage1 GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2 Alternative Design

16、s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.3 Conflicting Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.4 Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.5 Referenced Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21.6 Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 BASIC DESIGN .

18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32.2 Shaft Assembly Designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52.3 Shaft Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62.4 Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20、 . . . . .62.5 Casings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142.6 Casing Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162.7 Gear Elements . . . . . . . . . . .

21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172.8 Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192.9 Bearings and Bearing Housings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22、 . . . . . . . . .222.10 Lubrication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242.11 Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242.12 Nameplates and Rota

23、tion Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253 ACCESSORIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263.2 Couplings and Guards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263.3 Mounting Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263.4 Controls and

25、Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .283.5 Piping and Appurtenances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .283.6 Special Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284 INSPECTION, TESTING, AND PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . .284.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284.2 Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .294.3 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .314.4 Preparation for Shipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、 . . . . . . .335 VENDORS DATA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .345.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .345.2 Proposals . . . . . . . . . .

29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .345.3 Contract Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35APPENDIX A GENERAL-PURPOSE GEAR DATA SHEETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

30、APPENDIX B LATERAL CRITICAL SPEED MAP AND MODE SHAPES FOR A TYPICAL ROTOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53APPENDIX C TYPICAL LUBE-OIL SYSTEMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57APPENDIX D MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR GENERAL-P

31、URPOSE GEAR UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61APPENDIX E VENDOR DRAWING AND DATA REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . 65APPENDIX F REFERENCED SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73vPageAPPENDIX G SPIRAL

32、BEVEL GEAR-TOOTH CONTACT ARRANGEMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR INSPECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75APPENDIX H RESIDUAL UNBALANCE WORKSHEETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Figures1 Shaft Assembly Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、 . . . . . . . . . . 72 Shaft Rotation Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Material Index Number, Through Hardened . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Allowable Bending Stress Number, Sa. . . . . . . . . . .

34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12B-1 Lateral Critical Speed Map for a Typical Rotor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54B-2 Mode Shapes versus Support Stiffness for a Typical Rotor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55C-1 Typical Circulating Lube-oil System for Gea

35、r Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59C-2 Typical Pressurized Lube-oil System for HydrodynamicBearings in Gear Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60G-1 Gear-tooth Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75G-2 Determining Mounting Distances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76G-3 Reference Points in Bevel Gear Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78G-4 Backlash in the Plane of Ro

37、tation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79G-5 Measurement of Normal Backlash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81G-6 Axial Movement Necessary to Obtain a Change in Backlash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82G-7 Typical

38、 No Load Tooth Contact Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83G-8 Preferred Contact Resulting from Correct Mounting Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83G-9 Common Types of Contact Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39、 . 84H-1 Residual Unbalance Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87H-2 Residual Unbalance Polar Plot Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88H-3 Sample Residual Unbalance Worksheet for Left Plane . . . . . . . . .

40、 . . . . . . . . . . . 89H-4 Sample Residual Unbalance Polar Plot Worksheet for Left Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . 90H-5 Sample Residual Unbalance Worksheet for Right Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91H-6 Sample Residual Unbalance Polar Plot Worksheet for Right Plane . . . . . . . . .

41、 . . 92Tables1 Driver Trip Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Shaft Assembly Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Minimum Gear Service Factors . . . . . . . . . . .

42、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Material Index Number, Imand Maximum L/d Ratios. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Allowable Bending Stress Number, Sa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Overhung Load Factors Applied to Par

43、allel Shaft and Right Angle Gears. . . . . . 127 Drain Pipe Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Casing Vibration Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Maximum dm

44、N Numbers for Rolling Element Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22D-1 Gear Unit Housings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63D-2 Shafts, Pinionsc, to gears integral with otherequipment; to epicyclic gear assemblies; or gea

45、rs with non-involute tooth forms.Note 2: This standard requires the purchaser to specify certain details and features. A bullet () at the beginning of a paragraph indicates thateither a decision by, or further information from, the purchaser is required. Further information should be shown on the da

46、ta sheets or stated inthe quotation request and purchase order.1.1.2 General-purpose gears are applied in equipment trains that are usually spared, or are in noncritical service. Typical applications for which this standard is intended are cooling tower water pump systems, forced and induced draft f

47、an sys-tems, and other general-purpose equipment trains.1.2 ALTERNATIVE DESIGNSThe vendor may offer alternative designs. Equivalent metric dimensions, fasteners, and flanges may be substituted as mutuallyagreed upon by the purchaser and the vendor.1.3 CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTSIn case of conflict betw

48、een this standard and the inquiry or order, the information included in the order shall govern.1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMSTerms used in this standard are defined in 1.4.1 through 1.4.26.1.4.1 axially (horizontally) split: A joint that is parallel to the shaft centerline.1.4.2 bending stress number (S):

49、Defined in 2.4.4.2.1.4.3 critical speed: A shaft rotational speed at which the rotor-bearing-support system is in a state of resonance.1.4.4 design: Requirements normally defined by the equipment designer and the manufacturer. Note: The use of the word design in any term (such as design power, design pressure, design temperature, or design speed) should be avoided inthe purchasers specifications. 1.4.5 DN: An alphanumeric designation of size for components of a pipework system, which is used for reference purposes. Itcomprises the letters DN followed by a dimensionless whole number whi