1、 ANSI/BICSI 004-2012 Information Technology Systems Design and Implementation Best Practices for Healthcare Institutions and Facilities Committee Approval: October 2012 First Published: December 2012 ANSI Publication: April 2013 i BICSI Standards BICSI standards contain information deemed to be of t
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6、 Tampa, FL 33637-1000 USA All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. ANSI/BICSI 004-2012 ii Notice Of Disclaimer And Limitation Of Liability BICSI standards and publications are designed to serve the public interest by offering information technology systems (ITS) design guidelines and best practices. Ex
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15、of the possibility of such damages. The foregoing negation of damages is a fundamental element of the use of the contents hereof, and these contents would not be published by BICSI without such limitations. Information Technology Systems Design and Implementation Best Practices for Healthcare Instit
16、utions and Facilities iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 GENERAL 1 1.2 CATEGORIES OF CRITERIA 1 2 PURPOSE . 1 3 SCOPE 1 4 REQUIRED STANDARDS AND DOCUMENTS 2 5 DEFINITIONS, ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT . 3 5.1 DEFINITIONS 3 5.2 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS . 4 5.3 UNITS O
17、F MEASUREMENT 5 6 REGULATORY BODIES AND REGULATIONS 7 6.1 JOINT COMMISSION . 7 6.2 HEALTH INSURANCE PORTABILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY ACT (HIPAA) 7 6.3 AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT (ADA) . 7 6.4 OTHER ORGANIZATIONS . 7 7 TELECOMMUNICATION PATHWAYS, SPACES AND TESTING . 9 7.1 OVERVIEW . 9 7.2 ENTRANC
18、E FACILITIES 9 7.2.1 Requirements . 9 7.2.2 Design 9 7.3 EQUIPMENT ROOMS. 9 7.3.1 Requirements . 9 7.3.2 Design 9 7.4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOMS . 10 7.4.1 Design 10 7.4.2 Typical vs. Healthcare TR . 10 7.5 WORK AREAS . 12 7.5.1 Telecommunication Outlets . 12 7.5.2 Water and Wet Areas . 12 7.6 REDUNDA
19、NCY . 13 7.7 OSP PATHWAYS AND SPACES 14 7.8 TRANSMISSION PERFORMANCE FIELD TESTING 14 7.8.1 General Requirements . 14 8 HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS . 15 8.1 NURSE AND CODE CALL SYSTEMS 15 8.1.1 Overview . 15 8.1.2 System Architecture. 15 8.1.3 Devices 15 8.1.4 Communications Interface . 17 8.1.5 Wireless Nur
20、se Call Systems . 18 8.1.6 Code Call Systems . 18 8.2 CONNECTED MEDICAL IMAGING 18 8.2.1 Overview . 18 8.2.2 Imaging Modalities 19 8.2.3 Imaging Infrastructure and Communication Systems 19 8.2.4 Network Bandwidth/SLA Considerations . 21 ANSI/BICSI 004-2012 iv 8.3 PATIENT MONITORING (TELEMETRY) 22 8.
21、3.1 Overview . 22 8.3.2 System Connections. 22 8.3.3 Alarms . 23 8.3.4 Cabling 23 8.3.5 Mounting . 24 8.3.6 Power Recommendations 24 8.3.7 Additional Information 24 8.4 PHYSICIAN DICTATION 25 8.4.1 Overview . 25 8.5 WIRELESS MEDICAL TELEMETRY SYSTEM (WMTS) 25 8.5.1 Overview . 25 8.6 INFANT ABDUCTION
22、 PREVENTION 25 8.6.1 Overview . 25 8.6.2 System Options 26 8.6.3 Design 26 8.7 INTERACTIVE PATIENT TELEVISION SYSTEM. 26 8.7.1 Overview . 26 8.7.2 System Description 27 8.7.3 Design with Coaxial Cabling Systems . 28 8.7.4 Design with Balanced Twisted-Pair Cabling Systems . 29 8.8 ALARM MANAGEMENT 30
23、 8.8.1 Overview . 30 8.8.2 Devices 31 8.8.3 Design Overview . 31 8.8.4 Building Automation and Management Systems. 31 8.8.5 Medical Systems 31 8.8.6 Electronic Safety and Security (ESS) Systems 32 9 OTHER INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS 33 9.1 WIRELESS NETWORKS . 33 9.1.1 Overview . 33 9.2 DISTRIBUTE
24、D ANTENNA SYSTEMS 33 9.2.1 Overview . 33 9.2.2 Design 34 9.2.3 Testing . 36 9.2.4 Coordination 36 9.3 DISCRETE ANTENNA SYSTEMS 36 9.4 RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID)-BASED SYSTEMS 36 9.4.1 Overview . 36 9.4.2 Retail/Asset Management 36 9.4.3 At-Risk Human Perimeter Systems . 37 9.5 INTERCOM SY
25、STEM 37 9.5.1 Overview . 37 9.5.2 System Types . 38 9.5.3 Healthcare Applications . 39 9.6 CLOCK AND TIME SYSTEMS 40 9.6.1 Master Clock System . 40 9.6.2 Elapsed Time Clock . 40 9.6.3 Time and Attendance System 41 10 INTEGRATION OF SYSTEMS . 43 10.1 OVERVIEW . 43 10.2 INTEGRATED OPERATING ROOMS 43 1
26、0.2.1 Overview . 43 10.2.2 Devices 43 10.2.3 Design Considerations . 44 Information Technology Systems Design and Implementation Best Practices for Healthcare Institutions and Facilities v 10.3 PROCEDURE ROOMS 46 10.3.1 Overview . 46 10.3.2 Operational Requirements . 46 10.3.3 Devices 47 10.3.4 Coor
27、dination 48 10.3.5 Procedure Room Integration 48 10.3.6 Procedure Room Pathways 48 10.3.7 Grounding 49 10.3.8 Commissioning 49 APPENDIX A: INFECTIOUS CONTROL RISK ASSESSMENT (ICRA) (INFORMATIVE) 51 A.1 OVERVIEW. 51 A.2 BACKGROUND . 51 A.3 POLICY 52 A.4 PRODUCTS . 52 A.5 INFECTION CONTROL TRAINING 52
28、 A.6 CONTRACTOR WORK SCHEDULE . 52 A.7 STORAGE OF BUILDING MATERIALS 53 A.8 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING FOR CONTRACTORS . 53 A.9 CONTRACTORS ACCESS TO OCCUPIED AREAS . 53 A.10 CONSTRUCTION OF SHORT DURATION BARRIERS . 53 A.11 CONSTRUCTION OF LONG DURATION BARRIERS 53 A.12 NEGATIVE PRESSURIZATION OF WORK ZON
29、E . 53 A.13 HEPA-FILTERED FAN UNITS AND HEPA-FILTERED VACUUMS 54 A.14 CONSTRUCTION IN OCCUPIED AREAS 54 A.15 ENFORCEMENT 54 APPENDIX B: RELATED DOCUMENTS (INFORMATIVE) . 55 ANSI/BICSI 004-2012 vi INDEX OF FIGURES FIGURE 1: TYPICAL TR LAYOUT . 11 FIGURE 2: TYPICAL HEALTHCARE TR . 11 FIGURE 3: TYPICAL
30、 HEALTHCARE TR (SPLIT ROOMS) 12 FIGURE 4: REDUNDANCY EXAMPLE 1 . 13 FIGURE 5: REDUNDANCY EXAMPLE 2 . 13 FIGURE 6: REDUNDANCY EXAMPLE 3 . 13 FIGURE 7: REDUNDANCY EXAMPLE 4 . 13 FIGURE 8: MAIN PACS FUNCTIONS 20 FIGURE 9: EXAMPLE OF A STAND-ALONE PATIENT MONITORING STATION 23 FIGURE 10: EXAMPLE INTERAC
31、TIVE PATIENT TELEVISION SYSTEM INFRASTRUCTURE. 28 FIGURE 11: BROADBAND VIDEO DISTRIBUTION OVER BALANCED TWISTED-PAIR CABLING . 29 FIGURE 12: INSERTION LOSS OF DIFFERENT CABLING CATEGORIES UP TO 860 MHZ FOR CHANNEL LENGTH OF 100 M . 30 FIGURE 13: EXAMPLE OF A PASSIVE DAS . 34 FIGURE 14: EXAMPLE OF AN
32、 ACTIVE/HYBRID DAS 35 INDEX OF TABLES TABLE 1: TYPICAL STUDY SIZE FOR DIFFERING IMAGE MODALITIES . 21 TABLE 2: EXAMPLE TRANSMISSION TIMES OF IMAGE MODALITIES FOR DIFFERING TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGIES AT 30% NETWORK UTILIZATION AND 70% EFFICIENCY 21 TABLE 3: EXAMPLE OF STUDY SIZE AND EXPECTED ANNUAL LO
33、AD 22 Information Technology Systems Design and Implementation Best Practices for Healthcare Institutions and Facilities 1 1 Introduction 1.1 General Todays healthcare facilities are encountering many issues due to: Rapid changes in medical technologies Rapid changes in information technologies An a
34、ging nursing workforce and patient demographics Industry initiatives are also a key factor in the need to upgrade or replace the built electronic infrastructure, such as: Electronic health record Patient portable (personal) health record Electronic security Clinical and information technology conver
35、gence Todays modern hospitals technology infrastructure supports the following: Medical procedures and clinical processes Business and enterprise operations Building and facilities requirements A hospitals main function is to save lives and its infrastructure must be capable of supporting that missi
36、on. This standard is intended primarily for, but not limited to, healthcare facilities, such as: Skilled nursing facilities (nursing home) Rehabilitation centers Psychiatric facilities Ambulatory clinics and surgical centers Outpatient clinics Acute care facilities 1.2 Categories of Criteria Two cat
37、egories of criteria are specified - mandatory and advisory. Mandatory criteria generally apply to protection, performance, administration, and compatibility; they specify the absolute minimum acceptable requirements. Advisory or desirable criteria are presented when their attainment will enhance the
38、 general performance of the system infrastructure in all its contemplated applications. Mandatory requirements are designated by the word shall; advisory recommendations are designated by the words should, may, or desirable, which are used interchangeably in this standard. When possible, recommendat
39、ions and requirements are separated to aid in clarity. 2 Purpose This standard is written for use in the design and implementation of information technology systems used within healthcare facilities. This standard provides a reference of common technology and design practices and is not intended to
40、be used by architects and engineers as their sole reference or as a step-by-step design guide. This standard may also be used to determine design requirements in conjunction with the system owner, occupant, or safety and security consultant. 3 Scope This standard provides requirements and recommenda
41、tions for best practices for the design and implementation of information technology systems infrastructure for healthcare institutions and facilities. ANSI/BICSI 004-2012 2 4 Required Standards and Documents The following standards and documents are referenced within this standard and contain provi
42、sions that constitute provisions of this standard. Published amendments, errata, revisions and addendums to the standards and documents included in this list should be incorporated by reference. BICSI ANSI/BICSI 002-2011, Data Center Design and Implementation Best Practices International Organizatio
43、n for Standardization (ISO) ISO/IEC 14763-2, Information technology Implementation and operation of customer premises cabling Part 2: Planning and installation National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) NFPA 70, National Electrical Code NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities Code Telecommunication Industr
44、y Association (TIA) ANSI/TIA-569-C, Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces ANSI/TIA-758-B, Customer-Owned Outside Plant Telecommunications Cabling Standard ANSI/TIA-1179, Healthcare Facility Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard Underwriters Laboratories (UL) UL 1069, Hospital Signaling and Nur
45、se Call Equipment UL 2560, Assisted and Independent Living Emergency Call Systems At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards and amendments are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of app
46、lying the most recent editions of the standards indicated. Where equivalent local codes and standards exist, requirements from these local specifications shall apply. Where reference is made to a requirement that exceeds minimum code requirements, the specification requirement shall take precedence
47、over any apparent conflict with applicable codes. Information Technology Systems Design and Implementation Best Practices for Healthcare Institutions and Facilities 3 5 Definitions, Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Units of Measurement For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions, acronym
48、s, abbreviations, and units of measurement apply. 5.1 Definitions annunciator: An electrical signaling device used to indicate the sources of calls or alarms on a switchboard or control panel (e.g., as used in hotels or offices). backbone: A facility (e.g., pathway, cable, connectivity) between any
49、of the following spaces: telecommunications rooms (TRs), common TRs, floor-serving terminals, entrance facilities (EF), equipment rooms, and common equipment rooms (CER). backbone cabling: See backbone. balun: A device used for coupling two electrical circuit elements, where one is balanced and the other is unbalanced (e.g., balanced twisted-pair cabling and coaxial cabling). critical power: A subsystem of the emergency system that supplies energy to
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