ANSI AD4254-12-2016 Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 12 Rotary disc and drum mowers and flail mowers.pdf

1、 ANSI/ASABE AD4254-12:2012 JUL2016 Agricultural machinery Safety Part 12: Rotary disc and drum mowers and flail mowers American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering a

2、pplicable to agricultural, food, and biological systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural field equipment, farmstead e

3、quipment, structures, soil and water resource management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informational and advi

4、sory only. Their use by anyone engaged in industry or trade is entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicable ordinances, laws and regulatio

5、ns. Prospective users are responsible for protecting themselves against liability for infringement of patents. ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data initially approved prior to the society name change in July of 2005 are designated as “ASAE“, regardless of the revision approval date. Newl

6、y developed Standards, Engineering Practices and Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the re

7、quirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much

8、more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedures of ASABE

9、 require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hqasabe.org ANSI/ASABE AD

10、254-12:2012 JUL2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 1 ANSI/ASABE AD4254-12:2012 JUL2016 Approved July 2016 as an American National Standard Agricultural machinery Safety Part 12: Rotary disc and drum mowers and flail mowers These materials are subject to copyright

11、 claims of ISO and ASABE. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ASABE. All requests pertaining to ANSI/ASABE AD4254-12:2012 JUL2016 standard should be submitted to ASABE. Developed by the ASABE Mac

12、hinery Systems Harvest subcommittee. Adoption with deviations of ISO 4254-12: 2012 approved by ASABE and ANSI July 2016. Keywords: Disc mowers, Drum mowers, Flail mowers, Safety 0 Foreword 0.1 ASABE/ISO 4254-12:2012, Agricultural machinery Safety Part 12: Rotary disc and drum mowers and flair mowers

13、, is an adoption with deviations of the identically titled ISO standard ISO 4254-12:212, Agricultural machinery Safety Part 12: Rotary disc and drum mowers and flail mowers. Deviations noted in the following Foreword sections pertain to those provisions where harmonization could not be achieved betw

14、een ASABE and the International Standard. Deviations from the subsequently printed international standard are noted with underscore (additions) or strikethrough (deletions) text. Deviations from the international standard figures and equations are clearly marked. 0.2 This part of ISO 4254, where use

15、d with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mowers, as used for forage crop harvesting in agriculture only, and flail mowers with a horizontal axis for use in agriculture only, that are mounted, semi-m

16、ounted, trailed or self-propelled. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of info

17、rmation on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. Flail mowers with a horizontal axis that can be opened at the rear only for maintenance reasons are included. This part of ISO 4254 is also applicable to mowers equipped with a conditioning device. This part of ISO 4254 is applica

18、ble only to mowers intended to work at ground level, examples of which are given in A.1. When requirements of this part of ISO 4254 are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254-1, the requirements of this part of ISO 4254 take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254-1 for machines that

19、 have been designed and built according to the requirements of this part of ISO 4254. This part of ISO 4254, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards (as listed in Table 1), hazardous situations and events (with the exception of noise and vibrations) relevant to rotary

20、disc mowers, rotary drum mowers and flail mowers, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). It is not applicable to (see examples in A.2) ANSI/ASABE AD254-12:2012 JUL2016 Copyright American Society of Agricul

21、tural and Biological Engineers 2 flail mowers that have the rear part which can be opened for particular field use operations, mowers with an articulated arm, mowers with one or more vertical axes designed for mulching, pedestrian-controlled motor mowers, lawn mowers, inter-row mowing units, or mach

22、ines specifically designed for highway and road maintenance. This part of ISO 4254 does not deal with environmental hazards, road safety and hazards related to moving parts for power transmission. It does not deal with hazards related to maintenance or repairs to be carried out by professional servi

23、ce personnel. NOTE 1 Specific requirements related to road traffic regulations are not taken into account in this part of ISO 4254. This part of ISO 4254 is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication. 0.3 Ten normative references are listed in ISO 4254-12:2012. The re

24、sponsible ASABE committee has reviewed these references and approved the following deviations: 0.3.1 Replace ISO 3600:1996, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Operators manuals Content and presentation, with ANSI/ASABE AD3600:2015, Tractors, machinery

25、 for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Operators manuals Content and presentation. Any reference to ISO 3600:1996 in the printed portion of ISO 4254-12 shall be replaced by ANSI/ASABE AD3600:2015, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equ

26、ipment Operators manuals Content and presentation. 0.3.2 Replace ISO 11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agricultural and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Safety signs and hazard pictorials General principles, with ANSI/ASABE AD11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agricultural and forestry

27、, powered lawn and garden equipment Safety signs and hazard pictorials General principles. Any references to ISO 11684:1995 in the printed portion of ISO 4254-12 shall be replaced by ANSI/ASABE AD11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agricultural and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Safety

28、signs and hazard pictorials General principles. 0.4 This standard has been approved as an American National standard by ANSI (American National Standards Institute). 0.5 This standards deviated from ISO 4254-12:2012 as follows: 0.5.1 See Section 0.3 for Normative reference deviations. 0.5.2 Section

29、3.1.3, change to: distance from the ground to the active cutting edge of the cutting element when the cutting element is in the forward-most lowest position of rotation Text of ISO 4254-12:2012, Agricultural machinery Safety Part 12: Rotary disc and drum mowers and flail mowers, with deviations note

30、d, follows. ANSI/ASABE AD254-12:2012 JUL2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 3 1 Scope This part of ISO 4254, where used with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mo

31、wers, as used for forage crop harvesting in agriculture only, and flail mowers with a horizontal axis for use in agriculture only, that are mounted, semi-mounted, trailed or self-propelled. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use and reasonably

32、foreseeable misuse of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. Flail mowers with a horizontal axis that can be opened at the rear only for

33、 maintenance reasons are included. This part of ISO 4254 is also applicable to mowers equipped with a conditioning device. This part of ISO 4254 is applicable only to mowers intended to work at ground level, examples of which are given in A.1. When requirements of this part of ISO 4254 are different

34、 from those which are stated in ISO 4254-1, the requirements of this part of ISO 4254 take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254-1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this part of ISO 4254. This part of ISO 4254, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deal

35、s with all the significant hazards (as listed in Table 1), hazardous situations and events (with the exception of noise and vibrations) relevant to rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mowers and flail mowers, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeab

36、le by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). It is not applicable to (see examples in A.2) flail mowers that have the rear part which can be opened for particular field use operations, mowers with an articulated arm, mowers with one or more vertical axes designed for mulching, pedestrian-controlled motor

37、mowers, lawn mowers, inter-row mowing units, or machines specifically designed for highway and road maintenance. This part of ISO 4254 does not deal with environmental hazards, road safety and hazards related to moving parts for power transmission. It does not deal with hazards related to maintenanc

38、e or repairs to be carried out by professional service personnel. NOTE 1 Specific requirements related to road traffic regulations are not taken into account in this part of ISO 4254. This part of ISO 4254 is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication. 2 Normative ref

39、erences The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

40、 ANSI/ASABE AD254-12:2012 JUL2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 4 ISO 3600:1996, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Operators manuals Content and presentation ANSI/ASABE AD3600:2015, Tractors, machinery for agricu

41、lture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Operators manuals Content and format ISO 4254-1:2008, Agricultural machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements ISO 5718:2002, Harvesting equipment Blades for agricultural rotary mowers Requirements ISO 11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agricu

42、ltural and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Safety signs and hazard pictorials General principles ANSI/ASABE AD11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agricultural and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Safety signs and hazard pictorials General principles ISO 12100:2010, Safety of m

43、achinery General principles for design Risk assessment and risk reduction ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs ISO 14982:1998, Agricultural and forestry machinery Electromagnetic compatibility Test methods and acceptance

44、criteria ISO 17101-1:3), Agricultural machinery Thrown-object test and acceptance criteria Part 1: Rotary mowers ISO 17101-2:3), Agricultural machinery Thrown-object test and acceptance criteria Part 2: Flail mowers ISO 17103:2009, Agricultural machinery Rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mowers and fl

45、ail mowers Test methods and acceptance criteria for protective skirts 3)To be published. (Revision of ISO 17101:2004) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100 and ISO 4254-1 and the following apply. NOTE For illustrations of mowers and c

46、omponents, see A.1. 3.1 rotary mower mower in which one or more functional components cut or shear forage crop by impact without mulching and rotate about a vertical axis 3.1.1 rotary disc mower rotary mower (3.1) where the drive line is below the path of the cutting elements 3.1.2 drum mower rotary

47、 mower (3.1) where the drive line is above the path of the cutting elements ANSI/ASABE AD254-12:2012 JUL2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 5 3.1.3 cutting height distance from the ground to the active cutting edge of the cutting element when the cutting element

48、is in the forward-most lowest position of rotation 3.2 flail mower mower with a multiplicity of free-swinging cutting elements that rotate about a horizontal axis, which cuts the crop by impact and mulches it with the same working elements 3.3 conditioning device mechanical device allowing the accel

49、eration of the crop-drying process NOTE Examples of acceleration of the crop-drying process are crushing, impact, abrasion and lamination. 3.3.1 roll type conditioner conditioning device (3.3) that enhances the crop-drying process by passing crop material between, at least, two rollers 3.3.2 impeller type conditioner conditioning device (3.3) that enhances the crop-drying process by utilizing tines or spokes to scrub off the wax coati