ANSI AD5707-2016 Milking machine installations - Construction and performance.pdf

1、 ANSI/ASABE AD5707:2007 MAR2016 Milking machine installations Construction and performance American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, f

2、ood, and biological systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural field equipment, farmstead equipment, structures, soil a

3、nd water resource management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informational and advisory only. Their use by anyo

4、ne engaged in industry or trade is entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicable ordinances, laws and regulations. Prospective users are re

5、sponsible for protecting themselves against liability for infringement of patents. ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data initially approved prior to the society name change in July of 2005 are designated as “ASAE“, regardless of the revision approval date. Newly developed Standards, Engin

6、eering Practices and Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process,

7、consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority,

8、 but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedures of ASABE require that action be take

9、n periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hqasabe.org ANSI/ASABE AD5707:2007 MAR2016 Copyright

10、American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 1 ANSI/ASABE AD5707:2007 MAR2016 Revision approved March 2016 as an American national Standard Milking machine installations Construction and performance These materials are subject to copyright claims of ISO and ASABE. No part of this public

11、ation may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ASABE. All requests pertaining to ANSI/ASABE AD5707:2007 (JAN2011) Standard should be submitted to ASABE. History of ASAE S518, Milking Machine Installations Construction and Perfor

12、mance: Proposed by the Milking Machine Manufacturers Council of the Association of Equipment Manufacturers (formerly Equipment Manufacturers Institute); developed by ASAE IET-441, Milk Handling Equipment Committee; approved by the Electrical and Electronic Systems Division Standards Committee; adopt

13、ed by ASAE January 1992; revised March 1994, July 1996; reaffirmed December 2001, February 2003; reaffirmation extended for two years February 2008. S518 was used as a basis document for ISO 5707, Milking machines installations Construction and performance. ASAE S518.2 replaced by adoption with devi

14、ations of ISO 5707:2007 January 2011; approved by ANSI February 2011: Revised March 2016. Revision approved by ANSI March 2016. Keywords: Dairy, Milking, Terminology 0 Foreword 0.1 ANSI/ASABE AD5707:2007, Milking machine installations Construction and performance, is an adoption with deviations of t

15、he identically titled ISO Standard ISO 5707:2007, Milking machine installations Construction and performance, is an adoption with deviations of the identically titled ISO standard ISO 5707:2007, Milking machine installations Construction and performance. Deviations noted in the following Foreword se

16、ctions pertain to those provisions where harmonization could not be achieved between ASABE and the International Standard. Deviations from the subsequently printed international standard are noted with underscore (additions) and strikethrough for deletions text. Deviations from the international sta

17、ndard figures and equations are clearly marked. 0.2 ANSI/ASABE AD5707:2007 specifies the minimum performance and information requirements and certain dimensional requirements for satisfactory functioning of milking machines for milking and cleaning. It also specifies minimum requirements for materia

18、ls, design, manufacture and installation. This Standard is applicable to milking machines for milking cows, water buffaloes, sheep and goats where animals are milked with pulsation created by vacuum, and where milk is, at least partly, transported with the help of airflow. Some clauses are not appli

19、cable to all types of milking machines. The qualitative requirements also apply to installations for milking other mammals used for milk production. 0.3 Seven Normative references are listed in ISO 5707:2007. The responsible ASABE committee has reviewed these references and approves the following de

20、viations: 0.3.1 Replace ISO 3918:2007, Milking machine installations Vocabulary, with ANSI/ASABE AD3918:2007, Milking machine installations Vocabulary. Any reference to ISO 3918:2007 in the printed portion of ISO 5707 shall be replaced by ANSI/ASABE AD3918:2007. 0.3.2 Replace ISO 6690:2007, Milking

21、machine installations Mechanical tests, with ANSI/ASABE AD6690:2007, Milking machine installations Mechanical tests. Any reference to ISO 6690:2007 in the printed portion of ISO 5707 shall be replaced by ANSI/ASABE AD6690:2007. ANSI/ASABE AD5707:2007 MAR2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultura

22、l and Biological Engineers 2 0.3.3 Remove ISO 4288, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Surface texture: Profile method Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture. 0.3.4 Remove ISO 12100-1, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminolo

23、gy, methodology. 0.3.5 Remove ISO 12100-2, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles. 0.3.6 Remove ISO 14159, Safety of machinery Hygiene requirements for the design of machinery. 0.3.7 Remove IEC 60335-2-70, Household and similar electrical appli

24、ances Safety Part 270: Particular requirements for milking machines. 0.3.8 Add the following Normative references: 0.3.8.1 ANSI/ASAE S493.1, Guarding for Agricultural Equipment 0.3.8.2 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc. 3-A, Sanitary Fittings for Milk and Milk Products, 63- 0.3.8.3 3-A Sanitary Standards,

25、 Inc. 3-A, Sanitary Standards for Polished Metal Tubing for Dairy Products, 33- 0.3.8.4 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc. 3-A, Sanitary Standards for Centrifugal and Positive Rotary Pumps for Milk and Milk Products, 2- 0.3.8.5 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc. 3-A, Multiple-use Rubber and Rubber-like Material

26、s Used as Product Contact Surfaces in Dairy Equipment, 18- 0.3.8.6 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc. 3-A, Multiple-use Plastic Materials Used as Product Contact Surfaces in Dairy Equipment, 20- 0.3.8.7 For Grade “A” milk regulations in the United States refer to the latest version of the FDA document Gra

27、de “A” Pasteurized Milk Ordinance 0.3.8.9 NFPA-70, National Electric Code 0.3.9 Informative references 0.3.9.1 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc. 3-A, Accepted Practices for the Design, Fabrication and Installation of Milking and Milk Handling Equipment, 606- 0.4 This standard has been approved as an Amer

28、ican National Standard by ANSI (American National Standards Institute). ISO 5707, Milking machine installations Construction and performance, was based on ASAE S518. 0.5 This standard deviates from ISO 5707:2007 as follows: 0.5.1 Section 2 Normative and Informative references: See Section 0.3 for No

29、rmative and Informative reference deviations. 0.5.2 Section 4.3 Safety and hygiene: Remove and replace with: All installations shall comply with the requirements for safety in national legislation, with NFPA 70 National Electrical Code for grounding and wiring, and with the requirements of ANSI/ASAE

30、 S493.1 Guarding for Agricultural Equipment. 0.5.3 Section 4.4 Materials: Remove and replace with: Materials and fabrication practices used shall comply with 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc. as noted in 0.3.8.2 through 0.3.8.6 and for Grade “A” dairies the Grade “A” Pasteurized Milk Ordinance. 3-A Sanit

31、ary Standards, Inc. Accepted Practice, 606-provides further guidance. ANSI/ASABE AD5707:2007 MAR2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 3 0.5.4 Section 5.2.4 Regulation characteristics and effective reserve: “minimum effective reserve at standard atmospheric pressure

32、 shall be that given in A.1” is replaced by “minimum effective reserve at standard atmospheric pressure shall be that given in revised Annex A.1”. 0.5.5 Section 5.3.1 Vacuum pumps general: Annex A is replaced (see revised version Section 0.5.12) for normative effective reserve and informative vacuum

33、 pump sizing. 0.5.6 Section 6.3 Pulsation rate, pulsator ratio and pulsation chamber vacuum phases: Delete: Limping shall not be more that 5 units of percentage, except where the milking unit is designed to provide different ratios between the fore- and hindquarters. Replace: In case of alternate pu

34、lsation in combination with a claw, a ratio of, or near, 50 % should be avoided due to pumping between teatcups. With: In case of alternate pulsation in combination with claw, a ratio of or near 50 % should be avoided due to pumping between teatcups. This caution refers to only systems that use 50 %

35、 on both sides of an alternating system. 0.5.7 Section 7.2 Design of milklines: Add: See informative Annex C (revised version Section 0.5.13) for the recommended maximum number of units per slope that should be used to maintain stratified flow for high producing cows. 0.5.8 Section 8.2 Teatcup: Dele

36、te statements referring to the users manual. 0.5.9 8.4 Teatcup removal: Remove and replace with: Means shall be provided to shut off and vent the vacuum to the liner before the teatcup removal. The vacuum leakage through the shut off valve shall not exceed 1/4 of the liner and/or claw vents combined

37、 air admission for that valve. Teat cup removal shall be initiated at end of milking by either automatic means or human intervention. 0.5.10 Section 8.6 Air vent and leakage: Remove section. 0.5.11 Section 8.10 Long milk tubes: Remove and replace with: Means shall be provided to minimize the risk fo

38、r flattening of the long milk tube due to direct pull or constant drag on the milk inlet. To avoid unnecessary vacuum drop, the long milk tube shall be as short as practicable. 0.5.12 Annex A Vacuum pump capacity Effective reserve plus allowances for cows and water buffaloes: Remove and replace with

39、: Annex A Vacuum pump capacity A.1 Effective reserve (normative) The effective reserve to fulfill the demand of a minimum effective reserve in 5.2.4 shall be: A base effective reserve equal to one unit falloff, as determined by 5.2.4 of ANSI/ASABE AD6690:2007. Plus an additional incremental allowanc

40、e for each milking unit of 3 % of the one unit falloff per milking unit up to a maximum of 96 units total. A.2 Vacuum pump capacity for milking (informative) A.2.1 The recommended pump capacity for new installations is based on the following allowances: The effective reserve per A.1. ANSI/ASABE AD57

41、07:2007 MAR2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 4 An additional incremental allowance for each milking unit to cover: 30 L/min (about 1 ft3/min) per unit for pulsator consumption. 10 L/min (0,35 ft3/min) per unit for claw air admission. 2 L/min (0,07 ft3/min) per

42、unit for leakage Allowance for regulation loss, frictional losses, and pump wear. To allow for all of these contingencies, the calculated airflow requirements should be multiplied by a factor of 1,15, to cover: regulation loss 2 % of pump capacity. frictional losses 3 % of pump capacity (2 kPa drop

43、from pump to receiver). pump wear 8 % of pump capacity. Total 13 %, which equates to a factor of 1,15 The vacuum pump(s) and motor(s) should be selected to provide at least the basic pump capacity at the normal operating vacuum for the system (which is not necessarily 50 kPa, or 15 in. Hg). A.2.2 Ad

44、ditions to the basic pump capacity for milking There may be other additions to the basic pump capacity for particular systems, to cover: “Air lubricated” regulators, which require an extra 200 to 800 L/min (7 to 28 ft3/min); An extra allowance for more than one operator installing units simultaneous

45、ly; Some types of milk meters with an air vent (up to 15 L/min, 0,5 ft3/min, per meter); Milk sweeps, and air sweeps for some back-flush systems (check manufacturers specifications); An extra allowance, perhaps, for cleaning (see following section A3). A.2.3 Vacuum pump capacity for air-injected CIP

46、 cleaning systems With proper system design and control of air and liquid flow rates, the vacuum pump capacity required for efficient cleaning is generally less than that required for efficient milking. The purpose of the air injector is to create a pressure differential that causes the slug to trav

47、erse the pipe at least 7 M/s (23 ft/s); and not be of such a large volume as to cause slugs to be degraded or travel too quickly. Most milking systems will have sufficient vacuum pump capacity for air-injected CIP washing if sized according to the following relationship: Vacuum pump capacity for cle

48、aning = Qc + (n x Qs) where: Qc is flow rate of cycled air admission (L/min or ft3/min from table A3) to produce a slug velocity of 7 m/s (23 ft/s) in each milkline loop; n is the number of milking units; Qs is steady air usage of 60 L/min (2 ft3/min) per milking unit to cover pulsator consumption,

49、cluster air vents, system leakage and regulation loss. ANSI/ASABE AD5707:2007 MAR2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 5 Table A3 Air injection rate to produce slug speeds of 7 m/s (23 ft/s) Milk Line Diameter (nominal ID) Airflow Rate 48 mm (2 in.) 390 L/min (14 ft3/min) 60 mm (2.5 in.) 570 L/min (20 ft3/min) 73 mm (3in.) 790 L/min (28 ft3/min) 98 mm (4 in.) 1 300 L/min (49 ft3/min) 0.5.13 Annex C Determination of the minimum inter