ANSI AGMA 6101-E08-2008 Design and Selection of Components for Enclosed Gear Drives (Metric Edition).pdf

1、ANSI/AGMA 6101-E08Metric Edition ofANSI/AGMA 6001-E08Reaffirmed March 2014American National StandardDesign and Selection ofComponents for EnclosedGear Drives (Metric Edition)ANSI/AGMA6101-E08iiDesign and Selection of Components for Enclosed Gear Drives (MetricEdition)ANSI/AGMA 6101-E08Metric Edition

2、 of ANSI/AGMA 6001-E08ApprovalofanAmericanNationalStandardrequiresverificationbyANSIthattherequire-ments for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by thestandards developer.Consensusisestablishedwhen,inthejudgmentoftheANSIBoardofStandardsReview,substantial agreement h

3、as been reached by directly and materially affected interests.Substantialagreementmeansmuchmorethanasimplemajority,butnotnecessarilyuna-nimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that aconcerted effort be made toward their resolution.TheuseofAmericanNationalStandards

4、iscompletelyvoluntary;theirexistencedoesnotin any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, frommanufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures notconforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop sta

5、ndards and will in nocircumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, noperson shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American NationalStandardinthenameoftheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute. Requestsforinterpre-tation of this standard sh

6、ould be addressed to the American Gear ManufacturersAssociation.CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement,revision, or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMAtechnical publication should be sure that the publication is the latest

7、available from theAssociation on the subject matter.Tablesorotherself-supportingsectionsmaybereferenced. Citationsshouldread: SeeANSI/AGMA 6101-E08, Design and Selection ofComponents for Enclosed Gear Drives(Metric Edition), published by the American Gear Manufacturers Association,500 Montgomery Str

8、eet, Suite 350, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, http:/www.agma.org.Approved December 31, 2008ABSTRACTThis standard outlines the basic practices for the design and selection of components, other than gearing, foruse in commercial and industrial enclosed gear drives.Published byAmerican Gear Manufacturers

9、 Association500 Montgomery Street, Suite 350, Alexandria, Virginia 22314Copyright 2008 by American Gear Manufacturers AssociationAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronicretrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publi

10、sher.Printed in the United States of AmericaISBN: 978-1-55589-952-3AmericanNationalStandardANSI/AGMA 6101-E08AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDiii AGMA 2008 - All rights reservedContentsPageForeword iv.1 Scope 1.2 Normative references 1.3 Definitions and symbols 1.4 Design conditions 4.5 Shafts 5.6 Keys and

11、 interference fits 17.7 Bearings 208 Housings 21.9 Threaded fasteners 2110 Miscellaneous components 23.Bibliography 42.AnnexesA Allowable stresses for typical key materials 26B Material properties for typical threaded fasteners 28.C Previous method - shaft design 29D Sample problems - transmission s

12、haft design 31.E Shaft deflection 35F Sample problems - keys 40Figures1 Design criteria 52 Cyclic loading 73 Stress convention showing orbiting element 84 Surface finish factor, ka11.5Sizefactor,kb12.6 Reliability factor, kc12.7 Notch sensitivity - through-hardened steel, q 148 Theoretical stress co

13、ncentration factor in bending for a circular shaft with asquare shoulder, Kt(nominal stress is calculated at diameter dshe)149 Theoretical stress concentration factor in bending for a circular shaft witha u-notch, Kt(nominal stress is calculated at diameter dshe)15.10 Theoretical stress concentratio

14、n factor in bending for a circular shaft with aradial hole, Kt(based on full section without considering hole) 1511 Key nomenclature 18.12 Variation of coefficient of friction versus the bearing parameter 21.13 Fastener grip requirement 22.Tables1 Symbols used in equations 2.2 Modifying factor for s

15、tress concentration, kf- typical values for keyways insolid round steel shafts 13.3 Typical allowable misalignment per bearing type 17.4 Joint stiffness factor, KJ23.ANSI/AGMA 6101-E08 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDiv AGMA 2008 - All rights reservedForewordThe foreword, footnotes and annexes, if any, in

16、 this document are provided forinformationalpurposesonlyandarenottobeconstruedasapartofANSI/AGMAStandard6101-E08, Design and Selection of Components for Enclosed Gear Drives (MetricEdition).AGMA260.02 wasapprovedbytheAGMAmembershiponFebruary1,1973,andissuedinJanuaryof1974. Itconsolidatedwithminorrev

17、ision,informationcontainedinthefollowingsuperseded AGMA Standards:AGMA 255.02 (November 1964), Bolting (Allowable Tensile Stress) for Gear Drives;AGMA 260.01 (March 1953), Shafting - Allowable Torsional and Bending Stresses;AGMA 260.02 also incorporated allowable stresses for keys;AGMA 265.01 Bearin

18、gs - Allowable Loads and Speeds.The purpose of ANSI/AGMA 6001-C88, as a replacement for AGMA 260.02, was toestablishacommonbaseforthedesignandselectionofcomponentsforthedifferenttypesof commercial and industrial gear drives.ANSI/AGMA6001-C88wasexpandedtoincludeageneralizedshaftstressequationwhichinc

19、luded hollow shafting, miscellaneous components, housings, and keyway stresscalculations. All design considerations were revised to allow for 200 percentpeak load forhelical, spiral bevel, spur and herringbone gearing, and 300 percent peak load forwormgearing. Thebearingsectionwasupdatedtoincludecon

20、siderationoflifeadjustmentfactors, bearing lives other than 5000 hours and reliability levels other than L10.DuringthepreparationofANSI/AGMA6001-C88,aconsiderableamountoftimewasspentontheshaftdesignsectioninanefforttoincludethemostrecenttheoriesonshaftstressesand material characteristics. The standa

21、rd included the existing practice for shaft design,and for reference purposes, appendix C included a description of, and excerpts from,ANSI/ASME B106.1M, Design of Transmission Shafting, published in 1985.ANSI/AGMA 6001-C88 was approved by the membership in May, 1988 and approved asan American Natio

22、nal Standard on June 24, 1988.ANSI/AGMA6001-D97wasexpandedtoincludemorerecenttheoriesonshaftdesignandanalysis. Also, equations for shaft deformation were added. ANSI/AGMA 6001-D97 wasapproved by the membership in October, 1996 and approved as an American NationalStandard on August 7, 1997.ANSI/AGMA

23、6101-E08 was updated to become a metric standard as required by ANSIpractices. In the process several improvements and simplifications were included.Minimum material requirements were added for shaft material and the shaft deflectionclause was moved to an annex. Also, the clauses on keys and fastene

24、rs were revised toreflect current practices with higher allowable stresses in some cases.ThefirstdraftofANSI/AGMA6101-E08wasmadeinAugust,2002. ItwasapprovedbytheAGMA membership in September, 2008. It was approved as an American NationalStandard on December 31, 2008.Suggestionsforimprovementofthissta

25、ndardwillbewelcome. TheyshouldbesenttotheAmericanGearManufacturersAssociation,500MontgomeryStreet,Suite350,Alexandria,Virginia 22314.ANSI/AGMA 6101-E08AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDv AGMA 2008 - All rights reservedPERSONNEL of the AGMA Industrial Enclosed Drive CommitteeChairman: Richard W. Holzman Inno

26、vative Gearing Solutions, LLCVice Chairman: Gary A. DeLange Philadelphia Gear CorporationACTIVE MEMBERSD.L. Borden D.L. Borden, IncC. Burriss Amarillo Gear Company.R.L. Cragg Steward Machine Company, Inc.R. Olson Rexnord Industries, LLCT. Praneis Cotta Transmission Company, LLC.M. Shows Lufkin Indus

27、tries, IncANSI/AGMA 6101-E08 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDvi AGMA 2008 - All rights reserved(This page is intentionally blank)1 AGMA 2008 - All rights reservedANSI/AGMA 6101-E08AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATIONAmerican National Standard -Design and Selection ofComponents forEnclosed Gear Drives(M

28、etric Edition)1 ScopeThis standard provides an acceptable practice forthedesignandselectionofcomponentsforenclosedgear drives. Fundamental equations provide forthepropersizingofshafts,keys,andfastenersbasedonstated allowable stresses. Other components arediscussed in a manner to provide an awareness

29、 oftheir function or specific requirements. This stan-dardappliestothefollowingtypesofcommercialandindustrial enclosed gear drives, individually or incombination: spur, helical, herringbone, bevel andworm.1.1 ExceptionsThe equations in this standard are not applicablewhen gear drives are subjected t

30、o vibratory condi-tions where there may be unpredictable fatiguefailure.The procedure for design or selection of thespecificgear components is varied and complex and isbeyond the scope of this standard. Designers mustrefer to the specific rating or enclosed drivestandards for this aspect of drive de

31、sign.1.2 Intended useThe equations and values presented provide ageneral approach to design. Deviations from themethods and values stated in this standard may bemade when justified by experience, testing, or morespecific analysis. It is intended for use byexperienced gear designers capable of select

32、ingreasonable values based on their knowledge of theperformanceofsimilardesignsandtheeffectofsuchitemsaslubrication,deflection,manufacturingtoler-ances, metallurgy, residual stresses, and systemdynamics. It is not intended for use by theengineering public at large.2 Normative referencesThe following

33、 standards contain provisions which,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthis American National Standard. At the time ofpublication, the editions indicated were valid. Allstandards are subject to revision, and parties toagreements based on this American National Stan-dard are encouraged

34、to investigate the possibility ofapplying the most recent editions of the standardsindicated below.AGMA 904-C96, Metric UsageANSI B17.1, Keys and KeyseatsANSI B17.2, Woodruff Keys and KeyseatsANSI/AGMA 1012-G05, Gear Nomenclature,Definitions of Terms with SymbolsANSI/AGMA 2101-D04, Fundamental Ratin

35、gFactors and Calculation Methods for Involute Spurand Helical Gear Teeth (Metric Edition)ANSI/AGMA 9112-A04, Bores and Keyways forFlexible Couplings (Metric Series)ANSI/AGMAISO6336-6-A08,CalculationofLoadCapacity of Spur and Helical Gears - Part 6:Calculation of Service Life Under Variable LoadISO/R

36、 773:1969 (E), Rectangular or SquareParallel Keys and Their Corresponding Keyways(Dimension in Millimeters)3 Definitions and symbolsThe symbols and definitions used in this standardmaydifferfromthoseinotherAGMAstandards.Theusershouldnotassumethatfamiliarsymbolscanbeused without a careful study of th

37、e applicablesection(s) and equation(s).3.1 DefinitionsThetermsused,whereverapplicable,conformtothefollowing standards:AGMA 904-C96, Metric UsageANSI/AGMA 1012-G05, Gear Nomenclature,Definitions of Terms with SymbolsANSI/AGMA 6101-E08 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD2 AGMA 2008 - All rights reserved3.2 Sym

38、bolsThe symbols used in this standard are shown intable 1.NOTE: The symbols and terms contained in thisdocument may vary from those used in other AGMAstandards. Users of this standardshouldassurethem-selves that they are using these symbols and terms inthe manner indicated herein.Table 1 - Symbols u

39、sed in equationsSymbol Term UnitsFirstreferencedA Coefficient - - Fig 4AcMinimum compressive area of key in shaft or hub mm2Eq 49AsShear area mm2Eq 50ARFit holding capacity N Eq 52AtsTensile strength area of fastener mm2Eq 60B Coefficient - - Fig 4bkWidth of the key mm Eq 41c Coefficient - - Eq 37Df

40、Fastener nominal diameter mm Eq 57DfiFastener nominal diameter in Eq 58dheOutside diameter of hub mm Eq 55dhiInside diameter of hub mm Eq 55dsheOutside diameter of the shaft section being analyzed mm Eq 6dshiShaft inside diameter mm Eq 6dshoOutside diameter adjacent to the shaft section being analyz

41、ed mm Fig 8EHModulus of elasticity for hub material N/mm2Eq 53ESModulus of elasticity for shaft material N/mm2Eq 53FAAllowable tensile load N Eq 60FMFastener tensile preload N Eq 57FpPeak load factor - - Eq 5FSfFatigue safety factor - - Eq 1FSpPeak load safety factor - - Eq 2FyaAllowable stress to y

42、ield strength factor - - Eq 5HBBrinell hardness number HBW Eq 30h Radial step mm Fig 8hkHeight of the key mm Eq 42I Actual or minimum possible interference fit mm Eq 53i Number of keys - - Eq 45K Calculation constant for shear stress - - Eq 8KJJoint stiffness factor - - Eq 59KtTheoretical stress con

43、centration factor in bending - - Eq 38KtcFastener torque coefficient - - Eq 58k Fatigue strength modification factor - - Eq 34kaSurface finish factor - - Eq 35kbSize factor - - Eq 35kcReliability factor - - Eq 35kdTemperature factor - - Eq 35keLife factor - - Eq 35kfModifying factor for stress conce

44、ntration - - Eq 35kgMiscellaneous effects factor - - Eq 35(continued)ANSI/AGMA 6101-E08AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD3 AGMA 2008 - All rights reservedTable 1 (continued)Symbol Term UnitsFirstreferencedL Length of shaft mm Eq 52lgLength of fastener mm Clause 9ltrBearing length of the key mm Eq 42M Bendin

45、g moment Nm Eq 7m Coefficient - - Eq 37N Number of stress cycles - - Eq 37NfoPermissible number of momentary peak load cycles - - Eq 39pfFastener thread pitch mm Eq 57PHPressure at common shaft/hub interference N/mm2Eq 52PxAxial force N Eq 10q Notch sensitivity - - Eq 38R Reliability (survival rate)

46、 - - Eq 36Ra Surface finish mm Fig 4ReTensile yield strength of the material N/mm2Eq 46r Notch radius, fillet radius, hole radius mm Fig 7T Torque Nm Eq 6TaAllowable torque based on the lesser of TCand TsNm 6.8TCAllowable torque based on allowable compressive stress Nm Eq 49TfFastener torque Nm Eq 5

47、8TRTorque transmitted due to interference fit Nm Eq 51TsAllowable torque based on allowable shear stress Nm Eq 50tkShaft keyway depth mm Eq 42V Transverse shear force N Eq 8 Angular position of shaft element radians Fig 3cCritical stress angle radians Eq 28m Coefficient of friction - - Eq 52HPoisson

48、s ratio for hub material - - Eq 53SPoissons ratio for shaft material - - Eq 9aAlternating component of stress N/mm2Eq 12axAlternating axial normal stress N/mm2Eq 13ayAlternating radial normal stress N/mm2Eq 13azAlternating tangential normal stress N/mm2Eq 13bAxial normal stress due to bending N/mm2E

49、q 7efat 106stress cycles N/mm2Eq 37fModified fatigue strength (endurance limit) N/mm2Eq 3faAllowable fastener tensile stress N/mm2Eq 59feBasic fatigue strength (endurance limit) of polished, unnotchedtest specimen in reverse bendingN/mm2Eq 32MFastener preload tensile stress N/mm2Eq 56mMean component of stress N/mm2Eq 11maxMaximum stress N/mm2Fig 2minMinimum stress N/mm2Fig 2mxMean axial normal stress N/mm2Eq 14myMean radial normal s