ANSI AGMA 9000-D11-2011 Flexible Couplings - Potential Unbalance Classification.pdf

1、ANSI/AGMA 9000-D11Revision ofANSI/AGMA 9000-C90American National StandardFlexible Couplings - PotentialUnbalance ClassificationANSI/AGMA9000-D11iiFlexible Couplings Potential Unbalance ClassificationANSI/AGMA 9000-D11Revision of ANSI/AGMA 9000-C90ApprovalofanAmericanNationalStandardrequiresverificat

2、ionbyANSIthattherequire-ments for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by thestandards developer.Consensusisestablishedwhen,inthejudgmentoftheANSIBoardofStandardsReview,substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests.Substantialag

3、reementmeansmuchmorethanasimplemajority,butnotnecessarilyuna-nimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that aconcerted effort be made toward their resolution.TheuseofAmericanNationalStandardsiscompletelyvoluntary;theirexistencedoesnotin any respect preclude anyone,

4、whether he has approved the standards or not, frommanufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures notconforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in nocircumstances give an interpretation of any American N

5、ational Standard. Moreover, noperson shall have the right or authority toissue aninterpretation ofan AmericanNationalStandardinthenameoftheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute. Requestsforinterpre-tation of this standard should be addressed to the American Gear ManufacturersAssociation.CAUTION NOTICE:

6、 AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement,revision, or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMAtechnical publication should be sure that the publication is the latest available from theAssociation on the subject matter.Tablesorotherself-supportin

7、gsectionsmaybereferenced. Citationsshouldread: SeeANSI/AGMA 9000-D11, Flexible Couplings - Potential Unbalance Classification,published by the American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1001 N. Fairfax Street, 5thFloor, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, http:/www.agma.org.Approved August 10, 2011ABSTRACTThi

8、sstandarddescribespotentialcouplingunbalanceandidentifiesitssources. Thestandardbreaksdowntherequirements into usable groups and outlines how to calculate the potential unbalance of the coupling. TheAGMA method of computing coupling potential unbalance is provided. A guide is provided for balance cl

9、assselection for purchasers who have not defined the coupling balancing requirements for their system.Published byAmerican Gear Manufacturers Association1001 N. Fairfax Street, 5thFloor, Alexandria, Virginia 22314Copyright 2011 by American Gear Manufacturers AssociationAll rights reserved.No part of

10、 this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronicretrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaISBN: 978-1-55589-995-0AmericanNationalStandardANSI/AGMA 9000-D11AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDiii AGMA 2011 All rights

11、 reservedContentsForeword vi.1 Scope 1.1.1 Application 11.2 Exclusions 11.3 Additional considerations 2.2 Normative references 2.3 Definitions and symbols 2.3.1 Balancing 2.3.2 Types of unbalance 33.2.1 Static unbalance 3.3.2.2 Couple unbalance 3.3.2.3 Dynamic unbalance 33.3 Additional balancing def

12、initions 43.3.1 Rigid rotor 43.3.2 Axis of rotation (spin axis) 4.3.3.3 Principal inertia axis displacement 4.3.3.4 Amount of unbalance 4.3.3.5 Potential unbalance 43.3.6 Repeatability of unbalance 43.3.7 Residual unbalance 43.3.8 Balance class 5.3.3.9 Mandrel (arbor) 53.3.10 Mounting fixtures 53.3.

13、11 Bushing 53.3.12 Mandrel assembly 5.3.3.13 Mounting surface 53.3.14 Rigidifying hardware 5.3.3.15 Running surface 5.3.3.16 Unbalance correction 5.3.3.17 Component balancing 53.3.18 Balancing without a mandrel (mandrelless balancing) 53.3.19 Indicating surface 53.3.20 Aligning surface 5.3.3.21 Asse

14、mbly balancing 53.3.22 Assembly balancing using component balanced parts 53.3.23 Balance tolerance 5.3.3.24 Inherent unbalance 63.3.25 Pilot surface 63.4 Symbols 64 Responsibility 85 Coupling balance class 85.1 Standard classes of coupling balance 86 Coupling balance class selection 86.1 Unbalance l

15、imit 86.2 Selection bands 9.6.3 System sensitivity factors 10.7 Factors contributing to the potential unbalance of uncorrected (not balanced) couplings 107.1 Inherent unbalance of an uncorrected coupling 107.2 Coupling pilot surface eccentricity 107.3 Coupling pilot surface clearance 10.ANSI/AGMA 90

16、00-D11 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDiv AGMA 2011 All rights reserved7.4 Hardware displacement 107.5 Hardware weight differences 11.8 Factors contributing to the potential unbalance of corrected (balanced) couplings 11.8.1 Balance tolerance 118.2 Balancing machine minimum achievable residual unbalance 1

17、18.3 Mandrel assembly or balancing fixture unbalance 11.8.4 Mandrel assembly mounting surface eccentricity 118.5 Mandrel assembly clearance(s) 11.8.6 Coupling pilot surface eccentricity 11.8.7 Coupling pilot surface clearance 12.8.8 Hardware displacement 128.9 Hardware weight differences 128.10 Coup

18、ling bore eccentricity to running surface 139 Determination of coupling potential unbalance 139.1 Uncorrected coupling 13.9.1.1 Inherent unbalance of uncorrected coupling components, UI13.9.1.2 Unbalance due to coupling pilot surface eccentricity, UP1149.1.3 Unbalance due to coupling pilot surface c

19、learance, UP215.9.1.4 Unbalance due to hardware displacement, UH1159.1.5 Unbalance due to hardware weight differences, UH2169.1.6 Total potential unbalance 16.9.2 Component balanced coupling 169.2.1 Balance tolerance (residual unbalance), Uper169.2.2 Unbalance due to balancing machine minimum achiev

20、able residual unbalance, Umar16.9.2.3 Unbalance due to mounting fixture effects 16.9.2.4 Coupling pilot surface effects 179.2.5 Unbalance due to hardware effects 18.9.2.6 Total potential unbalance 18.9.3 Assembly balanced couplings (using a mandrel) 18.9.3.1 Balance tolerance (residual unbalance), U

21、per189.3.2 Unbalance due to balancing machine minimum achievable residual unbalance, Umar18.9.3.3 Unbalance due to mounting fixture effects 18.9.3.4 Unbalance due to coupling pilot surface eccentricity, UP1199.3.5 Unbalance due to coupling pilot surface clearance, UP219.9.3.6 Unbalance due to hardwa

22、re effects 19.9.3.7 Total potential unbalance per balancing plane 19.9.4 Assembly balanced couplings (without a mandrel) 199.4.1 Balance tolerance (residual unbalance), Uper199.4.2 Unbalance due to balancing machine capability, Umar20.9.4.3 Mounting surface effect 20.9.4.4 Unbalance due to alignment

23、 error 209.4.5 Unbalance due to coupling pilot surface eccentricity, UP1209.4.6 Unbalance due to pilot surface clearance, UP220.9.4.7 Unbalance due to hardware effects 20.9.4.8 Total potential unbalance 21.Bibliography 61.ANSI/AGMA 9000-D11AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDv AGMA 2011 All rights reservedAnn

24、exesA Centroid location of two non-concentric circular areas (cylinders) about a third axis 22B Example of how to calculate the potential unbalance of an uncorrected symmetrical assembly 23C Example of the calculation of the potential unbalance of a component balanced coupling 28.D Example of the ca

25、lculation of the potential unbalance of an assembly balanced couplingusing a mandrel 33E Example of the calculation of the potential unbalance of an assembly balanced coupling withoutthe use of a mandrel 38F Example of how to calculate the potential unbalance of an uncorrected high performancesymmet

26、rical assembly 42.G Example of the calculation of the potential unbalance of a component balanced highperformance coupling 46.H Example of the calculation of the potential unbalance of an assembly balanced highperformance coupling without the use of a mandrel 51I Derivation of the equation for the c

27、alculation of hardware displacement 55J Derivation of the equation for the calculation of unbalance due to hardware weight differences 56K An example of how flexible coupling and impeller balance affects a centrifugal pump shaft andits bearings 57L Comparison of ANSI/AGMA 9000-D11 and ISO 1940-1:200

28、3 on a potential unbalance basis 60.Figures1 Static unbalance 32 Couple unbalance 33 Dynamic unbalance 3.4 Quasi-static unbalance 45 Selection bands 96 Coupling pilot surface clearance - assembly balanced 12.7 Coupling pilot surface clearance - component balanced 12.8 Component or portion of a compo

29、nent 14.9 Components to be assembled to each other 1410 Hardware clearance 15.Tables1 Typical examples of coupling pilot surfaces 6.2 Symbols and definitions 6.3 Standard classes of coupling balance 8.4 Values of coupling balance class 9ANSI/AGMA 9000-D11 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDvi AGMA 2011 All r

30、ights reservedForewordTheforeword,footnotesandannexes,ifany,inthisdocumentareprovidedforinformationalpurposesonlyandarenottobeconstruedasapartofANSI/AGMAStandard9000-D11,FlexibleCouplings -PotentialUnbalanceClassification.This standard was developed after intensive study of existing standards, liter

31、ature, design practices, andmanufacturing procedures for the balancing of flexible couplings. The intent of this document is to offerdesigners, manufacturers and users standard criteria for the unbalance classification of flexible couplings.Theinformationcontainedwithinthisstandarddoesnotnecessarily

32、agreewithsomeexistingspecificationsforother rotating components and equipment. This standard is based upon the design criteria, related to thebalancing of couplings, that have evolved over many years of successful industry practice.At first, the coupling industry informally adopted, by usage, one te

33、nth ounce-inch as a standard of unbalancetolerance. It soon became evident that for larger couplings this was an impractical tolerance. It also becameevident that the runout of the balancing arbor as well as its own unbalance were very important factors in thefinal potential unbalance remaining in t

34、he corrected coupling. These facts were pointed out in Paper AGMA519.01,October,1967,thefirstAGMAtechnicalpaperwrittenonthesubjectofflexiblecouplings. Shortlyafterthe publication of this paper, Product Group 5 asked the Technical Committee to write an AGMA balancingstandardforflexiblecouplings. Itwa

35、srecognizedthatexistingbalancingspecificationssuchasMIL-STD167(ships) and ISO 1940 did not address flexible couplings.AGMA 515.01 was intended as a guide to coupling users. The first rough draft of this standard was made inOctober of 1968. The first committee draft was prepared in February of 1972.

36、It was approved by themembership on July 9, 1973.AGMA 515.02 was a revision of AGMA 515.01. It was reviewed by the members of the Flexible CouplingsProduct Group 5 in January, 1974 and was revised in January, 1975 and again in September, 1975. It wasapproved by the membership on August 18, 1976.ANSI

37、/AGMA9000-C90wasarevisionandredesignationofAGMA515.02. Intherevisiontherewerechangesandcorrectionsinthemethodofcalculatingthetotalpotentialunbalanceofcouplings (includingtheeffectsofhardware and eccentricity). The calculations gave a more accurate value of the potential unbalance of acoupling. The e

38、xamples in the appendices were revised to show a generic coupling which illustrates thecalculation methods presented. It was approved by the AGMA membership in November 1989, and wasadopted as a National Standard on February 28, 1990.ANSI/AGMA 9000-D11 is a revision of ANSI/AGMA 9000-C90. This revis

39、ion introduces the use of ANSIS2-1999orISO1940-1:2003forthespecificationofbalancequalitygradesforcomponentsorassembliesandhow to properly apply that information to flexible coupling potential unbalance. It also contains numerousannexesforgenericgeneralpurposeandhighperformancecouplings. Theseannexes

40、showhowtoapplythecalculation methods of this standard for both component and assembly balancing of flexible couplings. Eachannexalsocontainsadiscussionsectionandasectiononthe“valueofthebalancegrade”whichexplainswhyabetter balance grade may not result in a better balanced coupling assembly.The first

41、draft of ANSI/AGMA 9000-D11 was made in October, 2005. It was approved by the AGMAmembership in April, 2011. It was approved as an American National Standard on August 10, 2011.Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the American GearManufacturers Associa

42、tion, 1001 N. Fairfax Street, 5thFloor, Alexandria, Virginia 22314.ANSI/AGMA 9000-D11AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDvii AGMA 2011 All rights reservedPERSONNEL of the AGMA Flexible Couplings CommitteeChairman: Glenn Pokrandt Rexnord Industries Coupling Operations.Vice Chairman: Todd Schatzka Rexnord Techn

43、ical Services.ACTIVE MEMBERST.C. Glasener Kop-Flex, IncB.M. Greenlees A-C Equipment Services Corporation.C.M. Hatseras KTR CorporationD.W. Hindman Rexnord Industries Coupling OperationsM. Kallis ConsultantH. Lynn, III Consultant.D.R. Lyle Ameridrives Gear Coupling Operations.J.W. Mahan Lovejoy, IncS

44、. McChesney Ringfeder CorporationM. McGinnity Emerson Industrial Automation.B. Ryan Rexnord Coupling Operations GroupJ. Sherred Ameridrives Gear Coupling OperationsE. Wilson Lovejoy, Inc1 AGMA 2011 All rights reservedANSI/AGMA 9000-D11AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATIONAmerican National Standard

45、 -Flexible Couplings - Potential UnbalanceClassification1 ScopeThis standard defines classes of flexible coupling potential unbalance, one of which the user must select inorder to meet the needs of their system. The classes are established using weight and speed and systemsensitivity to arrive at a

46、mass displacement value that defines the potential unbalance. The standard definestypesofunbalance,providesamethodofselectingbalanceclass,identifiescontributorstopotentialunbalance,and provides a method of determining potential coupling unbalance. The balance classes are derived fromconsideration of

47、 the potential unbalance of the coupling.The balancing requirements for a flexible coupling depend upon the rotating system into which it is mounted.Eachhalfofthecouplingismountedonaseparaterotorwiththewholecouplingprovidingtheconnection. Eachoftheconnectedrotorsisbalancedindependentlyofthecouplinga

48、ndthecouplingisaddedwhentherotorsareinstalled.ThisstandardisusedwithANSIS2.19-1999orISO1940-1:2003whichapplytobalancequalityrequirementsof rigid rotors. If ANSI S2.19-1999 or ISO 1940-1:2003 is used for balancing coupling components andassemblies in the balancing machine, then potential unbalances a

49、re introduced after the coupling isdisassembled and reassembled either in the balancing machine or the rotor system. These potentialunbalances are primarily the result of:- balancing mounting fixture inaccuracies;- displacement ofcoupling componentswith respectto theaxis ofrotation ofthe rotor system duringdisas-sembly and reassembly of the coupling.1.1 ApplicationThis standard is applicable to couplings and addresses potential unbalance which could be expected of acoupling in service. This standard accounts for issues