ANSI AGMA 9110-A11-2011 Flexible Couplings - Potential Unbalance Classification (Metric Edition).pdf

1、ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11Metric Edition ofANSI/AGMA 9000-D11American National StandardFlexible Couplings - PotentialUnbalance Classification(Metric Edition)ANSI/AGMA9110-A11iiFlexible Couplings Potential Unbalance Classification (Metric Edition)ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11Metric Edition of ANSI/AGMA 9000-D11Approval

2、ofanAmericanNationalStandardrequiresverificationbyANSIthattherequire-ments for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by thestandards developer.Consensusisestablishedwhen,inthejudgmentoftheANSIBoardofStandardsReview,substantial agreement has been reached by directly an

3、d materially affected interests.Substantialagreementmeansmuchmorethanasimplemajority,butnotnecessarilyuna-nimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that aconcerted effort be made toward their resolution.TheuseofAmericanNationalStandardsiscompletelyvoluntary;theirexi

4、stencedoesnotin any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, frommanufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures notconforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in nocircumsta

5、nces give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, noperson shall have the right or authority toissue aninterpretation ofan AmericanNationalStandardinthenameoftheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute. Requestsforinterpre-tation of this standard should be addressed to the American

6、Gear ManufacturersAssociation.CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement,revision, or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMAtechnical publication should be sure that the publication is the latest available from theAssociation on t

7、he subject matter.Tablesorotherself-supportingsectionsmaybereferenced. Citationsshouldread: SeeANSI/AGMA 9110-A11, Flexible Couplings - Potential Unbalance Classification (MetricEdition), published by the American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1001 N. FairfaxStreet, 5thFloor, Alexandria, Virginia

8、22314, http:/www.agma.org.Approved August 10, 2011ABSTRACTThisstandarddescribespotentialcouplingunbalanceandidentifiesitssources. Thestandardbreaksdowntherequirementsintousablegroupsandoutlineshowtocalculatethepotentialunbalanceofthecoupling. Calcula-tionsarebasedonSIunitsofthemetricsystem. TheAGMAm

9、ethodofcomputingcouplingpotentialunbalanceis provided. A guide is provided for balance class selection for purchasers who have not defined thecouplingbalancing requirements for their system.Published byAmerican Gear Manufacturers Association1001 N. Fairfax Street, 5thFloor, Alexandria, Virginia 2231

10、4Copyright 2011 by American Gear Manufacturers AssociationAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronicretrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaISBN: 978-1-55589-996-7Amer

11、icanNationalStandardANSI/AGMA 9110-A11AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDiii AGMA 2011 All rights reservedContentsForeword vi.1 Scope 1.1.1 Application 11.2 Exclusions 11.3 Additional considerations 2.2 Normative references 2.3 Definitions and symbols 2.3.1 Balancing 2.3.2 Types of unbalance 33.2.1 Static un

12、balance 3.3.2.2 Couple unbalance 3.3.2.3 Dynamic unbalance 33.2.4 Quasi-static unbalance 4.3.3 Additional balancing definitions 43.3.1 Rigid rotor 43.3.2 Axis of rotation (spin axis) 4.3.3.3 Principal inertia axis displacement 4.3.3.4 Amount of unbalance 4.3.3.5 Potential unbalance 43.3.6 Repeatabil

13、ity of unbalance 43.3.7 Residual unbalance 43.3.8 Balance class 5.3.3.9 Mandrel (arbor) 53.3.10 Mounting fixtures 53.3.11 Bushing 53.3.12 Mandrel assembly 5.3.3.13 Mounting surface 53.3.14 Rigidifying hardware 5.3.3.15 Running surface 5.3.3.16 Unbalance correction 5.3.3.17 Component balancing 53.3.1

14、8 Balancing without a mandrel (mandrelless balancing) 5.3.3.19 Indicating surface 53.3.20 Aligning surface 5.3.3.21 Assembly balancing 53.3.22 Assembly balancing using component balanced parts 53.3.23 Balance tolerance 5.3.3.24 Inherent unbalance 63.3.25 Pilot surface 63.4 Symbols 64 Responsibility

15、85 Coupling balance class 85.1 Standard classes of coupling balance 86 Coupling balance class selection 86.1 Unbalance limit 86.2 Selection bands 9.6.3 System sensitivity factors 10.7 Factors contributing to the potential unbalance of uncorrected (not balanced) couplings 107.1 Inherent unbalance of

16、an uncorrected coupling 107.2 Coupling pilot surface eccentricity 10ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDiv AGMA 2011 - All rights reserved7.3 Coupling pilot surface clearance 10.7.4 Hardware displacement 107.5 Hardware mass differences 118 Factors contributing to the potential unbalance of

17、corrected (balanced) couplings 11.8.1 Balance tolerance 118.2 Balancing machine minimum achievable residual unbalance 118.3 Mandrel assembly or balancing fixture unbalance 11.8.4 Mandrel assembly mounting surface eccentricity 118.5 Mandrel assembly clearance(s) 11.8.6 Coupling pilot surface eccentri

18、city 11.8.7 Coupling pilot surface clearance 12.8.8 Hardware displacement 128.9 Hardware mass differences 12.8.10 Coupling bore eccentricity to running surface 139 Determination of coupling potential unbalance 139.1 Uncorrected coupling 13.9.1.1 Inherent unbalance of uncorrected coupling components,

19、 UI13.9.1.2 Unbalance due to coupling pilot surface eccentricity, UP1149.1.3 Unbalance due to coupling pilot surface clearance, UP215.9.1.4 Unbalance due to hardware displacement, UH1159.1.5 Unbalance due to hardware mass differences, UH216.9.1.6 Total potential unbalance 16.9.2 Component balanced c

20、oupling 169.2.1 Balance tolerance (residual unbalance), Uper169.2.2 Unbalance due to balancing machine minimum achievable residual unbalance, Umar16.9.2.3 Unbalance due to mounting fixture effects 16.9.2.4 Coupling pilot surface effects 179.2.5 Unbalance due to hardware effects 18.9.2.6 Total potent

21、ial unbalance 18.9.3 Assembly balanced couplings (using a mandrel) 18.9.3.1 Balance tolerance (residual unbalance), Uper189.3.2 Unbalance due to balancing machine minimum achievable residual unbalance, Umar18.9.3.3 Unbalance due to mounting fixture effects 18.9.3.4 Unbalance due to coupling pilot su

22、rface eccentricity, UP1199.3.5 Unbalance due to coupling pilot surface clearance, UP219.9.3.6 Unbalance due to hardware effects 19.9.3.7 Total potential unbalance per balancing plane 19.9.4 Assembly balanced couplings (without a mandrel) 199.4.1 Balance tolerance (residual unbalance), Uper199.4.2 Un

23、balance due to balancing machine capability, Umar20.9.4.3 Mounting surface effect 20.9.4.4 Unbalance due to alignment error 209.4.5 Unbalance due to coupling pilot surface eccentricity, UP1209.4.6 Unbalance due to pilot surface clearance, UP220.9.4.7 Unbalance due to hardware effects 20.9.4.8 Total

24、potential unbalance 21.Bibliography 61.ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDv AGMA 2011 All rights reservedAnnexesA Centroid location of two non-concentric circular areas (cylinders) about a third axis 22B Example of how to calculate the potential unbalance of an uncorrected symmetrical assem

25、bly 23C Example of the calculation of the potential unbalance of a component balanced coupling 28.D Example of the calculation of the potential unbalance of an assembly balanced couplingusing a mandrel 33E Example of the calculation of the potential unbalance of an assembly balanced couplingwithout

26、the use of a mandrel 38.F Example of how to calculate the potential unbalance of an uncorrected high performancesymmetrical assembly 42.G Example of the calculation of the potential unbalance of a component balanced highperformance coupling 46.H Example of the calculation of the potential unbalance

27、of an assembly balanced highperformance coupling without the use of a mandrel 51I Derivation of the equation for the calculation of hardware displacement 55J Derivation of the equation for the calculation of unbalance due to hardware mass differences 56.K An example of how flexible coupling and impe

28、ller balance affects a centrifugal pump shaftand its bearings 57L Comparison of ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11 and ISO 1940-1:2003 on a potential unbalance basis 60.Figures1 Static unbalance 32 Couple unbalance 33 Dynamic unbalance 3.4 Quasi-static unbalance 45 Selection bands 96 Coupling pilot surface clearanc

29、e - assembly balanced 12.7 Coupling pilot surface clearance - component balanced 12.8 Component or portion of a component 14.9 Components to be assembled to each other 1410 Hardware clearance 15.Tables1 Typical examples of coupling pilot surfaces 6.2 Symbols and definitions 6.3 Standard classes of c

30、oupling balance 8.4 Values of coupling balance class 9ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDvi AGMA 2011 - All rights reservedForewordTheforeword,footnotesandannexes,ifany,inthisdocumentareprovidedforinformationalpurposesonlyandarenottobeconstruedasapartofANSI/AGMAStandard9110-A11,FlexibleCou

31、plings -PotentialUnbalanceClassification (Metric Edition).This standard was developed after intensive study of existing standards, literature, design practices, andmanufacturing procedures for the balancing of flexible couplings. The intent of this document is to offerdesigners, manufacturers and us

32、ers standard criteria for the unbalance classification of flexible couplings.Theinformationcontainedwithinthisstandarddoesnotnecessarilyagreewithsomeexistingspecificationsforother rotating components and equipment. This standard is based upon the design criteria, related to thebalancing of couplings

33、, that have evolved over many years of successful industry practice.ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11 is a hard metric adaptation of ANSI/AGMA 9000-D11, with additional information forboth standard and high performance couplings in the annexes. ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11 incorporatesinformation from the rigid rotor standa

34、rd, ISO 1940-1:2003, and how to properly apply that information toflexible coupling potential unbalance.The first draft of ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11 was made in October, 2004. It was approved by the AGMAmembership in April, 2011 and approved as an American National Standard on August 10, 2011.Suggestions f

35、or improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the American GearManufacturers Association, 1001 N. Fairfax Street, 5thFloor, Alexandria, Virginia 22314.ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDvii AGMA 2011 All rights reservedPERSONNEL of the AGMA Flexible Couplings Commi

36、tteeChairman: Glenn Pokrandt Rexnord Industries Coupling Operations.Vice Chairman: Todd Schatzka Rexnord Technical Services.ACTIVE MEMBERST.C. Glasener Kop-Flex, IncB.M. Greenlees A-C Equipment Services Corporation.C.M. Hatseras KTR CorporationD.W. Hindman Rexnord Industries Coupling OperationsM. Ka

37、llis ConsultantH. Lynn, III Consultant.D.R. Lyle Ameridrives Gear Coupling Operations.J.W. Mahan Lovejoy, IncS. McChesney Ringfeder CorporationM. McGinnity Emerson Industrial Automation.B. Ryan Rexnord Coupling Operations GroupJ. Sherred Ameridrives Gear Coupling OperationsE. Wilson Lovejoy, Inc1 AG

38、MA 2011 All rights reservedANSI/AGMA 9110-A11AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATIONAmerican National Standard -Flexible Couplings - Potential UnbalanceClassification (Metric Edition)1 ScopeThismetricstandarddefinesclassesofflexiblecouplingpotentialunbalance,oneofwhichtheusermustselectin order to me

39、et the needs of their system. The classes are established using mass and speed and systemsensitivity to arrive at a mass displacement value that defines the potential unbalance. The standard definestypesofunbalance,providesamethodofselectingbalanceclass,identifiescontributorstopotentialunbalance,and

40、 provides a method of determining potential coupling unbalance. The balance classes are derived fromconsideration of the potential unbalance of the coupling.The balancing requirements for a flexible coupling depend upon the rotating system into which it is mounted.Eachhalfofthecouplingismountedonase

41、paraterotorwiththewholecouplingprovidingtheconnection. Eachoftheconnectedrotorsisbalancedindependentlyofthecouplingandthecouplingisaddedwhentherotorsareinstalled.ThisstandardisusedwithISO1940-1:2003whichappliestobalancequalityrequirementsofrigidrotors. IfISO1940-1:2003 is used for balancing coupling

42、 components and assemblies in the balancing machine, thenpotentialunbalancesareintroducedafterthecouplingisdisassembledandreassembledeitherinthebalancingmachine or the rotor system. These potential unbalances are primarily the result of:- balancing mounting fixture inaccuracies;- displacement ofcoup

43、ling componentswith respectto theaxis ofrotation ofthe rotor system duringdisas-sembly and reassembly of the coupling.1.1 ApplicationThis standard is applicable to couplings and addresses potential unbalance which could be expected of acoupling in service. This standard accounts for issues of runout

44、 and clearances in the calculation of potentialunbalance and resulting balance class. It should be noted that a flexible coupling is generally an assembly ofseveral components having diametral clearance and eccentricities between the pilot surfaces. ISO1940-1:2003 addresses residual unbalance as mea

45、sured in the balancing machine. For an example, seeannex K.1.2 ExclusionsThisstandarddoesnottakeintoaccountbalancestandardsdevelopedbyotherstandardsorganizations(e.g.,American Petroleum Institute). In addition, this standard does not address the unbalance effects caused by:- shaft runout;- keys that

46、 protrude beyond the hub or shaft;- unfilled keyways or keyseats;ANSI/AGMA 9110-A11 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD2 AGMA 2011 All rights reserved- coupling mounting surface clearance;- non-homogeneous materials;- curved datum.1.3 Additional considerationsBalancingacouplingdoesnotassureoneofgreatgainsinb

47、alance. Thegreatestgainsinbalancecomeduringthemanufacturingofthecoupling. Controlledrunoutsofpilotsandpilotfitclearances,providedbythecouplingsupplier during manufacturing, give the greatest results. Balancing of various components results in minimalgain over controlling the bore runout during re-bo

48、ring. It should be noted that two perfectly balanced partsmounted eccentrically would still shake. An assembly balanced coupling, re-assembled to runouts differentthan those when in the balance machine, will still be out of balance (the difference between residual andpotential unbalance).Calculation

49、sofsystemunbalancecannotbeusedtodeterminesystemvibrationsasstatedintheintroductionto ISO 1940-1:1986 1, which reads:“It is not readily possible to draw conclusions as to the permissible residual unbalances from any existingrecommendations on the assessment of the vibratory state of machinery, since there is often no easilyrecognizablerelationbetweentherotorunbalanceandthemachinevibrationsunderoperatingconditions.Theamplitudeoftheonce-per-revolutionvibrationsisinfluencedbycharacteristicsoftherotor,ofthe