ANSI American Society of Safety Engineers A10.32-2012 Personal Fall Protection Used in Construction and Demolition Operations.pdf

1、 .ASSEAMERICAN SOCIETY OFSAFETY ENGINEERSAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDReference Standard-Part of the Fall Protection CodeANSI/ASSE A10.32-2012Personal Fall ProtectionUsed in Construction and Demolition OperationsVErSIoN 3The information and materials contained in this publication have been developed fr

2、om sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited A10 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the correctness or com-pleteness of this material or its application to specific factual

3、 situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the A10 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve propertyANSI ANSI/ASSE A10.32 2012 American National Standard Construction and Demolition Operations Personal

4、Fall Protection Used in Construction and Demolition Operations Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 Approved September 12, 2012 Effective January 14, 2013 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Approval of an American National

5、 Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly

6、 and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is comp

7、letely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not deve

8、lop standards and will in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation

9、should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to r

10、eaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Effective January 14, 2013 Published October, 2012 by American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East

11、 Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2012 by American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of t

12、he publisher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard A10.32-2012.) This standard is one of a series of safety standards that have been formulated by the Accredited Standards Committee on Safety in Constru

13、ction and Demolition Operations, A10. It is expected that the standards in the A10 series will find a major application in industry, serving as a guide to contractors, labor, and equipment manufacturers. For the convenience of users, a list of existing and proposed standards in the A10 series for Sa

14、fety Requirements in Construction and Demolition Operations follows. A10.1 Pre-Project fall arrest, restraint, positioning, climbing, descending, rescue, escape and training activities. Exceptions: This standard does not include linemans body belts, pole straps, window washers belts, chest/waist har

15、nesses and sports equipment. 1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to provide minimum guidelines to users of personal fall protection equipment. 1.3 Application. This standard applies to users of personal fall protection equipment; to those personnel responsible for the selection, procurement

16、, inspection, use, care and maintenance of the equipment; and to those responsible for training and supervision of the users. 1.4 Resolutions. In order to provide for superior protection to the user, this standard permits: 1.4.1 Only full body harnesses shall be used for fall arrest. The fall arrest

17、 attachment point of the body harness shall be at the center of the users back near shoulder level. 1.4.2 Maximum arresting force imposed on the users body shall not exceed 1,800 pounds (8kN). 1.4.3 All equipment used in a fall protection system shall be compatible to limit force levels, maintain sy

18、stem strength and prevent accidental disengagement. 1.4.4 Equipment serviced by the manufacturer or their authorized representative shall be capable of meeting all performance requirements of this standard. 1.5 Exceptions. In cases of practical difficulty or undue hardship, the responsible authority

19、 may grant exceptions to the literal requirements of this standard or permit the use of other devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that personnel and equipment protection is assured. 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Accidental Disengagement. A process whereby a connector uninten-tionally comes

20、free from the component to which it is attached. 2.2 Activation Distance. The dis-tance traveled by a fall arrester or the amount of line payed out by a self-retracting lanyard (SRL) from the point of onset of a fall to the point where the fall arrester or self-retracting lifeline begins to apply a

21、braking or stopping force. 2.3 Active Fall Protection. A fall protection system that requires authorized persons to wear or use fall protection equipment and that requires fall protection training. 2.4 Anchorage. The terminating com-ponent of a fall protection system or rescue system that is intende

22、d to support any forces applied to the system. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.32-2012 11 2.5 Anchorage Connector. A component or subsystem that functions as an interface between the anchorage and a fall protection, work positioning, rope access or rescue system for the purpose of coupling the system

23、 to the anchorage. 2.6 Arresting Force. The force produced by the fall arrest system on the human body when arresting a fall. 2.7 Authorized Person. For purposes of this standard, a person assigned by the employer to perform duties at a location where the person will be exposed to a fall hazard. 2.8

24、 Body Belt (Safety Belt or Waist Belt). A body support secured about the waist used for positioning, restraint. Body belts are not for use in fall arrest. 2.9 Body Support. An assembly of webbing arranged to support the human body for fall protection purposes, including during and after fall arrest.

25、 Refers to body harness or chest-waist harness. It generally includes adjustable means for fastening it about the body and attachment points suitable for fall protection applications. 2.10 Buckle. A connector for attaching a strap or webbing segment to either another strap or webbing segment or back

26、 to itself. 2.11 Capacity. The maximum weight that a component, system or subsystem is designed to be used. 2.12 Carabiner. A connector generally comprised of a trapezoidal or oval shaped body with a closed gate or similar arrangement that may be opened to attach another object and, when released, a

27、utomatically closes to retain the object. There are generally three types of carabiners: (i) the automatic or self-locking type (required by this standard) with a self-closing; self-locking gate that remains closed and locked until intentionally unlocked and opened for connection or disconnection; (

28、ii) the manual locking type (not permitted by this standard) with a self-closing gate that must be manually locked by the user and that remains closed and locked until intentionally unlocked and opened by the user for connection or disconnection; or (iii) the non-locking type (not permitted by this

29、standard) with a self-closing gate that cannot be locked. 2.13 Certified Anchorage. An anchor-age for fall arrest, positioning, restraint or rescue systems that a qualified person certifies to be capable of supporting the potential fall forces that could be encountered during a fall or that meet the

30、 criteria for a certified anchorage prescribed in this standard. 2.14 Clearance Requirement (includes total fall distance). The distance below an authorized person that must remain clear of obstructions in order to ensure that the authorized person does not make contact with any objects that would c

31、ause injury in the event of a fall. 2.15 Climbing System. A combination of equipment that permits the user to use both hands freely while being tied off to a deceleration device while climbing fixed structures. 2.16 Competent Person. An individual designated by the employer to be responsible for the

32、 immediate supervision, implementation and monitoring of the employers managed fall protection program who through training and knowledge is capable of identifying, evaluating and addressing existing and potential fall hazards, and who has the employers authority and responsibility to take prompt co

33、rrective action with regard to such hazards. 2.17 Component. An element or integral assembly of interconnected elements intended to perform one function in the system. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.32-2012 12 2.18 Connector. A component or element that is used to couple parts of the system together

34、. A connector may be an independent component (such as a carabiner) of a system or it may be an integral element of a component, hybrid component, subsystem or system (such as a buckle or D-Ring sewn into a body support or a snaphook spliced or sewn into a lanyard or self-retracting lanyard). Connec

35、tors are sometimes referred to as hardware. 2.19 Deceleration Device. Any mech-anism which serves to dissipate energy during a fall. 2.20 Deceleration Distance. The vertical distance between the users fall arrest attachment at the onset of fall arrest forces during a fall, and after the fall arrest

36、attachment comes to a complete stop. 2.21 Descent Control Device. An automatic or manually controlled lowering device for escape or rescue. May be used as part of a single point suspended scaffold in conjunction with an independent lifeline fall arrest system. 2.22 Energy (Shock) Absorber. A compone

37、nt whose primary function is to dissipate energy and limit deceleration forces which the system imposes on the body during fall arrest. 2.22.1 Energy Absorber, Horizontal Lifeline. An energy absorber that is attached to one of the end anchorages or anchorage connectors of a horizontal lifeline subsy

38、stem. 2.22.2 Energy Absorber, Personal. An energy absorber that is attached to a harness. 2.22.3 Energy Absorber, Vertical Lifeline. An energy absorber that is attached to the top anchorage or anchorage connector of a vertical lifeline subsystem. 2.23 Fall Arrest. The action or event of stopping a f

39、ree fall or the instant where the downward free fall has been stopped. 2.24 Fall Protection. Any equipment, device or system that prevents an accidental fall from elevation or that mitigates the effect of such a fall. Fall protection includes eliminating or controlling hazards, passive fall protecti

40、on, fall restraint, fall arrest and administrative controls. 2.25 Force Factor. The ratio of the peak arresting force recorded using a rigid weight in laboratory testing to that on a human body having the same weight, both falling under identical conditions. For the purposes of this standard, a regi

41、stered peak force shall be divided by 1.1 to allow for body compression. 2.26 Free Fall. The act of falling before a fall protection system begins to apply forces to arrest the fall. 2.27 Free-Fall Distance. The vertical distance traveled during a fall, measured from the onset of a fall from a walki

42、ng working surface to the point at which the fall protection system begins to arrest the fall. This distance excludes deceleration distance and the elongation of a lifeline or lanyard, but includes any distance that a deceleration device slides before engaging or the distance that a self-retracting

43、lifeline or lanyard extends before fall arrest forces are applied. 2.28 Hardware. A rigid component or element that is used to couple parts of the system together. 2.29 Inspection. An examination of equipment or systems to assess conformance to a particular standard. 2.30 Integral. Not removable fro

44、m the component, subsystem or system without AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.32-2012 13 destroying or mutilating any element or without use of a special tool. 2.31 Lanyard. A component consisting of a flexible rope, wire rope or strap, which typically has a connector at each end for connecting to the

45、 body support and to a fall arrester, energy absorber, anchorage connector or anchorage. Lanyards perform a tethering function that restricts movement and can arrest a fall. 2.32 Leading Edge. A leading edge means the unprotected side or edge during periods when it is actively or continuously under

46、construction. 2.33 Lifeline. A component of a fall protection system consisting of a flexible line designed to hang either vertically (vertical lifeline) or for connection to anchorages or anchorage connectors at both ends to span horizontally (horizontal lifeline). 2.34 Manufacturer. Any producer o

47、f fall protection equipment with written product labels and instructions meeting the requirements of this standard. 2.35 Non-Certified Fall Arrest Anchorage. A fall arrest anchorage that a competent person can judge to be capable of supporting the predetermined anchorage forces as prescribed in this

48、 standard. 2.36 Passive Fall Protection System. Fall protection that does not require the wearing or use of personal fall protection equipment. Examples of passive fall protection systems include safety nets, guardrail systems or other means that protect an authorized person from a fall hazard. 2.37

49、 Pendulum (Swing) Fall. A fall resulting in a user connected to an anchorage swinging in a pendulum motion under the action of gravity. 2.38 Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS). An assembly of components and subsystems used to arrest a person in a free fall. 2.39 Positioning. The act of supporting the body with a positioning system for the purpose of working with hands free. 2.40 Positioning Lanyard. A lanyard used to transfer forces from a body support to an anchorage or anchorage connector in a positioning system. A positioning system can enable an authorized person to have bot