ANSI American Society of Safety Engineers A10.8-2011 Scaffolding Safety Requirements.pdf

1、Printed in U.S.A.A SS EAMERICAN SOCIETY OFSAFETY ENGINEERSAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDANSI/ASSE A10.8 2011ANSI/ASSE A10.8 2011 Scaffolding Safety RequirementsAmerican National Standardfor Construction and Demolition OperationsANSI/ASSE A10.8 2011The information and materials contained in this publicat

2、ion have been developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited A10 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the correctness or completeness of this material or its applic

3、ation to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the A10 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve property. ANSI ANSI/ASSE A10.8 2011 American National Standard Construction and Demol

4、ition Operations Scaffolding Safety Requirements Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 Approved August 31, 2011 Effective February 13, 2012 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Approval of an American National Standard requir

5、es verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially

6、affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary

7、; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards an

8、d will in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation should be addres

9、sed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute requires that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise

10、, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published November, 2011 by American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 6001

11、8-2187 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2011 by American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United State

12、s of America American National Standard Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard A10.8-2011.) This standard is one of a series of safety standards that have been formulated by the Accredited Standards Committee on Safety in Construction and Demolition Operations, A10. It i

13、s expected that the standards in the A10 series will find a major application in industry, serving as a guide to contractors, labor, and equipment manufacturers. For the convenience of users, a list of existing and proposed standards in the A10 series for Safety Requirements in Construction and Demo

14、lition Operations follows. A10.1 Pre-Project/Pre-Task Safety that is, the total of all loads including the worker(s), material and the equipment placed on the unit. 3.21 Double Pole Scaffold. A scaffold supported from the base by a double row of posts. This scaffold is independent of support from th

15、e walls and is constructed of posts, runners, horizontal platform bearers and diagonal bracing. 3.22 Electrical Ground. A conducting connection between an electrical circuit or equipment and the earth, or some conducting body that serves in place of the earth. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.8 2011 1

16、8 3.23 Elevating Carriage. Movable assembly that supports a work and material platform. 3.24 Eye Splicing. A loop made in a wire rope around a formed thimble eye by fastening the end of the rope back on to itself by hand-interweaving and serving. 3.25 Fabricated Platform (1-person). Fabricated platf

17、orm unit of both extendable and fixed length types used for supporting one worker and limited material. These platforms are usually used with ladder type scaffolds (see Section 17). 3.26 Fabricated Platform (2-person). Fabricated platform unit used to support two workers and limited material. These

18、plat-form units are usually used with trestles, extension trestles, platforms, stepladders or can be used with stirrups as part of a suspended scaffold, provided they are a minimum of 20 inches wide. 3.27 Fabricated Platform (3-person). Fabricated platform unit used to support three workers and limi

19、ted material. These platforms are usually used with stirrups as part of a suspended scaffold or as a scaffold runner board. 3.28 Fabricated Tubular Frame Scaffold. A system of tubular metal frames (panels) field erected with bracing members. 3.29 Failure. The condition in which a component or assemb

20、ly can no longer support the load. (Load Refusal) 3.30 Fall Protection. A system designed to prevent or arrest a persons fall. 3.31 Float or Ship Scaffold. A scaffold hung from overhead supports by means of ropes and consisting of a unit having diagonal bracing underneath. The scaffold rests upon an

21、d is securely fastened to two parallel plank bearers at right angles to the span. 3.32 Guardrail System. A rail system erected along the open sides and ends of platforms. The rail system consists of a toprail and midrail and their supports. 3.33 Guy. A rope, chain or cable used to stabilize a vertic

22、al object. 3.34 Hoist. A device intended to be used to raise and lower a suspended scaffold. It may be either manually operated or power-operated. 3.35 Horse Scaffold. A scaffold for light or medium duty that is composed of horses supporting a platform. 3.36 Independent Pole Scaffold. See Double Pol

23、e Scaffold. 3.37 Interior Hung Scaffold. A scaffold suspended from the ceiling or roof structure. 3.38 Intermittent Tie-Ins. A means of stabilization whereby a scaffolds suspen-sion ropes are secured to permanently installed building anchors and which are located in vertical rows in close proximity

24、to the suspension ropes. 3.39 Ladder Jack Scaffold. A light-duty scaffold consisting of a platform supported by brackets attached to single or extension ladders. 3.40 Lanyard. A flexible line to secure the wearer of a full body harness to a lifeline, trolley line or a fixed anchor. 3.41 Lifeline. A

25、line provided for direct or indirect attachment to a workers full body harness, lanyard or deceleration device. Such lifelines may be horizontal or vertical in application. 3.42 Load Ratings. Maximum loadings for the following categories: Heavy Duty. A term applying to a scaffold designed and constr

26、ucted AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.8 2011 19 to carry a working load of 75 pounds per square foot (lb/ft2). Medium Duty. A term applying to a scaffold designed and con-structed to carry a working load of 50 pounds per square foot, with weight of material in addition to workers. Light Duty. A term

27、applying to a scaffold designed and constructed to carry a working load of 25 pounds per square foot. Special Duty. A term applying to a scaffold designed and constructed to carry specific types of loads. 3.43 Manually Propelled Mobile Scaffold. A scaffold assembly supported by casters and moved onl

28、y manually. 3.44 Masons Adjustable Multiple-Point Suspension Scaffold. A scaffold having a continuous platform supported by bearers suspended by wire rope hoists from overhead supports, so arranged and operated as to permit the raising or lowering of the platform to the desired working positions. 3.

29、45 Material Platform. The platform area used for landing and stocking of materials. 3.46 Maximum Intended Load. The total load of all workers, equipment, tools and materials. 3.47 Midrail. A rail approximately midway between the toprail and platform of a guardrail system. 3.48 Mobile Work Stand. A p

30、re-fabricated mobile scaffold that is designated to be used as a small, highly portable interior scaffolding product. It is a stand-alone unit that is not intended to be stacked to achieve greater standing/working heights. Platforms are prefabricated specifically for the unit and are adjustable only

31、 within a fixed range of heights. 3.49 Modular Suspended Platform. A platform that consists of two or more platform sections that are secured together to form a single platform. The platform sections may vary in length and may be used with corner sections to accommodate a specific assembled length.

32、3.50 Multiple-Point Suspended Scaf-fold. A scaffold supported by more than two active wire ropes from overhead supports so arranged and operated as to permit raising or lowering to desired working position. Refer to the definition for Masons Adjustable Multiple-Point Suspension Scaffold. 3.51 Multip

33、le-Level Suspended Scaf-fold. A series of units at various vertical levels so arranged that they are supported by common stirrups. This system may be either two-point or multiple-point suspended. 3.52 Needle Beam Scaffold. A plat-form resting on two suspended bearers that is suspended by a line. 3.5

34、3 Open Sides and Ends. That portion of a scaffold platform unit that is not protected by a guardrail system, crossbraces, vertical work surfaces or stirrups. 3.54 Operating Device. A push-button, lever or other manual device used to actuate a control. 3.55 Outrigger. A structural member of a support

35、ed beam. 3.56 Outrigger Beam. A structural member of a suspended or supported scaffold which provides support for the scaffold by extending the scaffold point of attachment or support to a point out and away from the structure or building AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.8 2011 20 3.57 Outrigger Scaff

36、old. A scaffold consisting of a platform supported by an outrigger or projecting beyond the wall or face of the building or structure, the inboard ends of which are secured inside of such building or structure. 3.58 Personal Fall Arrest System. An assembly of components and subsystems used to arrest

37、 a person in a fall from a working height. 3.59 Plank. A wood board or fabricated component that serves as a platform unit. See Plank (Wood, Sawn), Plank (Wood, Laminated) and Plank (Metal). Plank (Metal). A metal platform unit sized to support one or more workers or uniformly distributed loads. Met

38、al planks would be of similar dimensions as wood planks. Plank (Wood, Laminated). A platform unit of glue-laminated wood whose method of manufac-ture and assigned design values contemplate flat use in a scaf-folding application. The two types of laminated wood used in scaffold applications are lamin

39、ated veneer lumber (LVL) and laminated edge glued lumber (LEG). Plank (Wood, Sawn). A board of sawn lumber whose grading rules and assigned design values contemplate flat use in a scaf-folding application. The plank shall be sized to support one or more workers and materials. 3.60 Platform. A genera

40、l term for an elevated work surface composed of one or more platform units. 3.61 Platform Unit. A general term for individual components (planks, scaffold decks or fabricated platforms) that comprise the platform of a scaffold. A platform unit can either stand alone or be used in conjunction with an

41、other to form a platform. 3.62 Prefabricated Mobile Scaffold. A mobile scaffold system that is manufactured and shipped with all necessary components, with the sole purpose of being used as a mobile scaffold. 3.63 Primary Brake. A brake used to stop the hoist and its load under normal operating cond

42、itions. 3.64 Prime Mover. The motor of a hoist. 3.65 Pump Jack Scaffold. A scaffold consisting of vertical poles, platform planking and movable platform brackets that travel on the vertical poles. 3.66 Putlog (Truss). A fabricated lattice member designed to carry a concentrated or uniform load. 3.67

43、 Qualified Person. One who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training or experience has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work or the project. 3.68 Rated Lo

44、ad. The manufacturers recommended maximum load. 3.69 Roller Bumper. See Building Face Roller. 3.70 Roof Hook. An anchoring means used to attach the suspension system employed in a two-point swing scaffold or a single-point cage or boatswains chair to a building or structure. 3.71 Rope Fall. A block

45、and tackle device used to raise and lower a suspended scaffold. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.8 2011 21 3.72 Runner. A horizontal scaffold member that forms a tie between posts and may also support a bearer. 3.73 Safety Device. An automatically actuated mechanism to prevent uncon-trolled platform d

46、escent. 3.74 Safety Factor. The ratio of the ultimate breaking strength of a member or piece of material or equipment to the design load when in use. 3.75 Safety Screen. A wire or plastic screening that protects the workers and passers-by below from dropped items. 3.76 Scaffold. A temporary elevated

47、 or suspended work unit and its supporting structure used for supporting worker(s) or materials, or both. 3.77 Scaffold Deck. A platform unit designed and constructed to carry at least one person. Scaffold decks are equipped with end hooks that engage the scaffold bearer. Scaffold decks are generall

48、y rated for uniformly distributed loads. 3.78 Screwjack. A leveling device or jack composed of a threaded screw and an adjustable handle used for the vertical adjustment. 3.79 Secondary Brake. A brake that is intended to stop the descent of suspended scaffolds under emergency conditions only. 3.80 S

49、ill. A footing (usually wood) which distributes the vertical loads to the ground or slab below. 3.81 Single-Point Suspension Scaf-fold. A scaffold supported by a single wire rope from an overhead support so arranged and operated as to permit the raising or lowering of the platform to desired working position. 3.82 Single Pole Scaffold. A unit resting on bearers or cross beams. The outside ends of this unit are supported on runners secured to a single row of posts or uprights, and the inner ends of this unit are supported on or in a wall. 3.83 Special-Purpose Scaffo