ANSI ASA S12.9 PART 5-2007 American National Standard Quantities and Procedures for Description and Measurement of Environmental Sound C Part 5 Sound Level Descriptors for Determin.pdf

1、ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007 / Part 5(Revision of ANSI S12.9-1998/Part 5) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDQuantities and Procedures for Description and Measurement of Environmental Sound Part 5: Sound Level Descriptors for Determination of Compatible Land UseAccredited Standards Committee S12, NoiseStandards Secre

2、tariat Acoustical Society of America 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114 E Melville, NY 11747-3177ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007/Part 5 Reaffirmed by ANSI September 5, 2012 The American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standards development and the clearinghouse in the

3、 U.S.A. for information on national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 1929 to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications. ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007 / Part 5 (Revision

4、of ANSI S12.9-1998/Part 5) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Quantities and Procedures for Description and Measurement of Environmental Sound Part 5: Sound Level Descriptors for Determination of Compatible Land Use Secretariat: Acoustical Society of America Approved November 14, 2007: American National Sta

5、ndards Institute, Inc. Abstract This Standard provides guidance on the compatibility of various human uses of land with the acoustical environment. This Standard uses the annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure or the annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level

6、 to characterize the acoustical environment. The annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure and annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level are explained in Part 4 of ANSI S12.9. An informative annex provides guidance for designation of land uses compatible with e

7、xisting or predicted annual averages of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure or annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level. Ranges of the annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure or annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level are outline

8、d within which a specific region of compatibility may be drawn. These ranges take into consideration the transmission loss in sound level from outside to inside buildings as commonly constructed in that locality and living habits there. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society

9、 of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock, S3 on Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These committees have wide representation from the technical community (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, organizati

10、ons with a general interest, and government representatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society of America as American National Standards after approval by their respective Standards Committees and the American National Standards Institute. These standards are developed and publi

11、shed as a public service to provide standards useful to the public, industry, and consumers, and to Federal, State, and local governments. Each of the Accredited Standards Committees operating in accordance with procedures approved by American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is responsible for d

12、eveloping, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. The ASA Standards Secretariat administers Committee organization and activity and provides liaison between the Accredited Standards Committees and ANSI. After the Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited Standar

13、ds Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Standards Secretariat arranges for their publication and distribution. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the j

14、udgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered and that a

15、concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American National Standard is completely voluntary. Their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the Standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes,

16、or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard. Acoustical Society of

17、America ASA Secretariat 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114E Melville, New York 11747-3177 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1 (631) 390-0217 E-mail: asastdsaip.org 2007 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard may not be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercia

18、l purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, without prior written permission of the publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of the Acoustical Society of America. 2007 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserve

19、d iContents 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Definitions. 1 Annex A (informative) Land Use Compatibility with Annual Average of the Total Day-Night Adjusted Sound Exposure and Annual Average of the Adjusted Day-Night Average Sound Level 3 A.1 Land uses 3 A.2 Land use compatibility 3 A.3 Compa

20、tibility for common construction techniques 4 A.4 Compatibility for special sound insulation. 4 Figures Figure A.1 Land use compatibility with annual average of the total adjusted day-night sound exposure (DNSE) or annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level (DNL) at a site for buil

21、dings as commonly constructed. At specific receiver locations, it may be appropriate to use sound exposure and sound exposure level without inclusion of some of the adjustments from Part 4 of ANSI S12.9. The # symbol is placed in front of the description of such land uses. For example, none of the l

22、and uses marked with a # symbol would typically require a nighttime or weekend adjustment 5 2007 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved ii Foreword This foreword is for information only and is not an integral part of ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007 / Part 5 American National Standard Quantities and P

23、rocedures for Description and Measurement of Environmental Sound Part 5: Sound Level Descriptors for Determination of Compatible Land Use. This American National Standard supplements the other five Parts of this series of Standards. Part 1 presents definitions of quantities for description and measu

24、rement of outdoor environmental sounds. Part 2 describes methods to measure long-term environmental sounds over wide areas. Part 3 presents methods to measure short-term environmental sound when an observer is present to operate the instruments. Part 4 presents methods to assess noise and predict th

25、e long-term community response to noise. Part 6 presents methods to estimate awakenings associated with aircraft noise events heard in homes. This Part 5 of ANSI S12.9 supersedes and replaces ANSI S12.9-1998/Part 5, which in turn replaced ANSI S12.40-1990 and its predecessor, ANSI S3.23-1980. The re

26、visions contained in this 2007 edition of ANSI/ASA S12.9 / Part 5 are minor. The most major revision is that the outdoor noise environment recommended by ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007 / Part 5 for schools agrees with the recommendations in ANSI S12.60. Other changes to Figure A.1 are that the marginally compa

27、tible zone for single-family homes is reduced by 5 dB to be the same size range as other housing. Largely because of sleep disruption concerns, the un-soundproofed marginally compatible range for health care facilities is reduced to DNL 55 from 60 dB, and the un-soundproofed marginally compatible ra

28、nge for hotels is reduced to DNL 60 from 65 dB. The upper limit for health care facilities and hotels that include soundproofing remains unchanged at a DNL of 75 dB. There are numerous editorial changes including the change of the word “noise” to “sound” or “acoustical” and reference to ANSI S12.9 /

29、 Part 6. This Standard contains one informative annex. This Standard was developed under the jurisdiction of Accredited Standards Committee S12, Noise, which has the following scope: Standards, specifications, and terminology in the field of acoustical noise pertaining to methods of measurement, eva

30、luation, and control, including biological safety, tolerance, and comfort, and physical acoustics as related to environmental and occupational noise. At the time this Standard was submitted to Accredited Standards Committee S12, Noise, for approval, the membership was as follows: R.D. Hellweg, Chair

31、 W.J. Murphy, Vice-Chair S.B. Blaeser, Secretary Acoustical Society of America B.M. Brooks D. Lubman (Alt.) Aearo Company.E.H. Berger Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute S. Lind . D. Brown (Alt.) Alcoa Inc. .W.D. Gallagher American Academy of Otolaryngology. R.A. Dobie L.A. Michael (Alt.) 2

32、007 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved iiiAmerican Industrial Hygiene Association .D. Driscoll S.N. Hacker (Alt.) American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).R.J. Peppin American Speech-Hearing-Language AssociationL.A. Wilber .V. Gladstone (Alt.)

33、 Bruel FAX: 631-390-0217; E-mail: asastdsaip.org 2007 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved vi Introduction 0.1 The compatibility of various land uses with the outdoor noise environment at a receiver site depends on acoustical and non-acoustical factors. (i) Acoustical factors: the sound

34、 level at the receivers outdoor location and its variation with time; the sound isolation provided by the buildings where people experience the effects of outdoor noise; and the noise environment generated indoors by indoor sources, including sounds produced by people themselves. (ii) Non-acoustical

35、 factors: the type of human activity associated with a specific land use; the differing responses of individuals to the same noise environment; attitudes toward the noise sources and the persons responsible for creating the noise; familiarity with an intruding noise through previous experiences; the

36、 disturbance of an activity or the annoyance caused by the noise; specific requirements of individual communities; the cost of achieving lower average sound levels; and the technical feasibility of reducing the sound levels. 0.2 Many rating methods and measurement procedures have been proposed for a

37、ssessing the compatibility between the noise environment and human activity. To assess the environmental acceptability of a site for various land uses it is desirable, when possible, to use a single measure that applies to sounds from all sources, individually and in combination, contributing to the

38、 overall sound at a site. 0.3 This Standard specifies the annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure and corresponding annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level as the acoustical measures to be used in assessing compatibility between various land uses and an out

39、door noise environment. Total day-night adjusted sound exposure and adjusted day-night average sound level are similar to non-adjusted total day-night sound exposure and day-night average sound level. The difference is that the sound exposures for sounds with special characteristics such as impulsiv

40、eness, dominant pure tones, rapid onset, and sounds with strong low-frequency content are adjusted by a factor before they are added into the total. NOTE 1 The annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure is the average of the daily total day-night sound exposure over the number of

41、days specifically included in the computation. As such, it can be thought of as the total (day-night) sound (exposure) on the average day. NOTE 2 For some noise environments, the total day-night sound exposure or the day-night average sound level without some of the adjustments may be more appropria

42、te for assessments of compatible land use. Annex A designates land uses such as sports arenas where the total day-night sound exposure or the day-night average sound level without the adjustments may be more appropriate for assessments of compatible land use. 0.4 Part 4 of ANSI S12.9 describes the c

43、alculation of total day-night adjusted sound exposure and adjusted day-night average sound level. Part 1 of ANSI S12.9 defines day-night average sound level and other descriptors of community noise. Part 2 of ANSI S12.9 describes long-term measurement procedures. Part 3 of ANSI S12.9 describes short

44、-term measurement procedures with an observer present. Part 6 of ANSI S12.9 provides methods for the estimation of awakenings associated with aircraft noise events heard in homes. 0.5 Definitions of the descriptors of sound are exact and are specified with the same precision as any physically measur

45、able acoustical quantity. In contrast to the physical measurement of the sound, the assessment of the relation of land use to prevailing noise is significantly less precise, in view of the non-acoustical factors described in 0.1 and because average noise levels may not adequately characterize the 20

46、07 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved viinoise environment for some types of noise (e.g., an environment characterized by a series of loud, infrequent noise events). 0.6 The ranges to the annual average of the total day-night adjusted and non-adjusted sound exposure or annual average

47、of the adjusted and non-adjusted day-night average sound level noted in the annex for various land uses reflect the statistical variability of the responses of large groups of people to noise. Any particular value of adjusted day-night average sound level may not, therefore, accurately assess an ind

48、ividuals response to an actual acoustical environment. 0.7 Guidelines given in the annex for the annual average of the total day-night adjusted sound exposure and annual average of the adjusted day-night average sound level were based on studies of noise-induced annoyance and other forms of noise-in

49、duced activity interference. A listing of the data on these relationships is given in the bibliography to Part 4 of ANSI S12.9. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/ASA S12.9-2007 / Part 5 2007 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved 1American National Standard Quantities and Procedures for Description and Measurement of Environmental Sound Part 5: Sound Level Descriptors for Determination of Compatible Land Use 1 Scope 1.1 This Standard provides guidelines for assessing the compatibility of various human uses of land with the actual or projec