ANSI ASABE S365.9-2011 Braking System Test Procedures and Braking Performance Criteria for Agricultural Field Equipment.pdf

1、 ANSI/ASAE S365.9 NOV2011 (R2017) Braking System Test Procedures and Braking Performance Criteria for Agricultural Field Equipment American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of e

2、ngineering applicable to agricultural, food, and biological systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural field equipment,

3、 farmstead equipment, structures, soil and water resource management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informatio

4、nal and advisory only. Their use by anyone engaged in industry or trade is entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicable ordinances, laws a

5、nd regulations. Prospective users are responsible for protecting themselves against liability for infringement of patents. ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data initially approved prior to the society name change in July of 2005 are designated as “ASAE“, regardless of the revision approva

6、l date. Newly developed Standards, Engineering Practices and Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI

7、 that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement

8、 means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedu

9、res of ASABE require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hqasabe.org S

10、 T A N D A R D ANSI/ASAE S365.9 NOV2011 (R2017) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 1ANSI/ASAE S365.9 NOV2011 (R2017) Revision approved December 2011, reaffirmed January 2017 as an American National Standard Braking System Test Procedures and Braking Performance Crite

11、ria for Agricultural Field Equipment Proposed by the Engineering Committee of the Farm and Industrial Equipment Institute; approved by the ASAE Power and Machinery Division Standards Committee; adopted by ASAE as a Tentative Standard December 1973; reaffirmed December 1974, December 1975, December 1

12、976, December 1977, December 1978, December 1979, December 1980, December 1981, December 1982; revised April 1983; reaffirmed December 1983, December 1984, December 1985, December 1986; revised and reclassified as a full Standard March 1988; reaffirmed December 1992, December 1993, December 1994, De

13、cember 1995, December 1996; revised July 1997, May 1999; reaffirmed December 1999; revised April 2000; reaffirmed January 2001; revised January 2004 to incorporate Future Provisions; reaffirmed for two years February 2005; revised editorially October 2005; editorial revision and revised to incorpora

14、te fifteen Future Provisions June 2006; reaffirmed January 2007; revised May 2007, December 2011; reaffirmed January 2017. Keywords: Brake, Definitions, Implements, Safety, Test, Tractor, Trailers 1 Purpose 1.1 The purpose of this Standard is to establish requirements, minimum performance criteria,

15、and performance test procedures for braking systems on agricultural field equipment. Note: If a section of this standard provides details on a specific type of braking system, other braking systems can be used as long as they comply with the performance requirements of this standard. 2 Scope 2.1 The

16、 requirements, test procedures and performance criteria are directed to operation and parking of agricultural field equipment equipped with braking system(s) and having a maximum design speed exceeding 6 km/h (3.7 mile/h). Combinations of agricultural towing machines equipped with braking systems an

17、d towed agricultural machines without braking systems are included in this Standard. 3 Normative references The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Engineering Practice. At the time of publication, the edition was valid. All sta

18、ndards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Standards organizations maintain registers of currently valid standards. ANSI/ASAE S390.4 JAN2005, Defin

19、itions and Classifications of Agricultural Field Equipment ANSI/ASAE S279.14 JUL2008, Lighting and Marking of Agricultural Equipment on Highways ISO 3583:1984, Road vehicles Pressure test connection for compressed-air pneumatic braking equipment ISO 5676: 1983, Tractors and machinery for agriculture

20、 and forestry Hydraulic coupling Braking circuit ANSI/ASAE S365.9 NOV2011 (R2017) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 24 Definitions 4.1 agricultural field equipment: Agricultural tractors, self-propelled machines, implements and combinations thereof designed primaril

21、y for agricultural field operations (per ASAE S390). 4.2 agricultural trailer: A transport machine used in agriculture which, according to its design, is suitable and intended for coupling to an agricultural tractor or self-propelled machine. 4.3 agricultural tractor: A traction machine designed and

22、 advertised primarily to supply power to agricultural implements and farmstead equipment (per ASAE S390). 4.3.1 two-wheel drive tractor: An agricultural tractor with traction power provided only through the rear tires (per ASAE S390). 4.3.2 two-wheel drive tractor with front assist: An agricultural

23、tractor with primary power provided through the rear tires and assist power through the front tires (per ASAE S390). 4.3.3 four-wheel drive tractor: An agricultural tractor with full time power to all wheels (per ASAE S390). 4.3.4 two-wheel brake tractor: An agricultural tractor with braking provide

24、d only through the rear tires during service braking. This includes two-wheel drive tractors without front assist and/or front brakes, and two-wheel drive tractors with front assist that can not be automatically engaged during braking. 4.3.5 four-wheel brake tractor: An agricultural tractor with bra

25、king provided through all four tires during service braking. This includes four-wheel drive tractors with braking on one or two axles, and two-wheel drive tractors with front assist that is automatically engaged during service braking. 4.4 average deceleration: The retardation rate of a machine defi

26、ned by the formula: a = V 2 / 25.92 S where: a = average deceleration, m/s2V = initial speed, km/h S = stopping distance, m 4.5 braking control input force: The sum of all forces applied by the operator to the braking system control(s), as measured at the point of force application, in a line from t

27、he point of application through the operators hip joint for foot pedal controls, or through the arm to shoulder joint for hand-operated controls. 4.6 cold brakes: A brake is deemed to be cold if one of the following conditions is met: 4.6.1 The temperature measured at the periphery of the disc or on

28、 the outside of the drum is below 100C (212F). 4.6.2 In the case of totally enclosed brakes including oil-immersed brakes, the temperature measured on the outside of the housing is below 50C (122F) or within the manufacturers specifications. 4.6.3 The brake has not been actuated in the previous 1 h.

29、 4.7 combination: Trailed equipment with or without braking systems coupled to an agricultural tractor or self-propelled machine. 4.8 maximum gross mass: The maximum permissible mass (weight) of the test machine in accordance with manufacturers recommendations regardless of travel speed restrictions

30、, and including maximum ballast, equipment and material load recommended or permitted. ANSI/ASAE S365.9 NOV2011 (R2017) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 34.9 maximum gross mass for stopping tests: The maximum permissible mass (weight) of the test machine in accorda

31、nce with the manufacturers recommendations for maximum transport speed or 50 km/h (31 mile/h) whichever speed is less. 4.10 parking brake system: A means for holding a machine continuously in a parked position. 4.11 secondary braking system: A braking system used for stopping a machine in the event

32、of a malfunction in the operation or control of the service braking system. 4.12 self-propelled agricultural machine: An implement designed with integral power unit to provide both mobility and power for performing agricultural operations (per ASAE S390). 4.13 service braking system: The primary sys

33、tem(s) used for retarding and stopping a machine. 4.14 single-unit machine: A self-propelled machine not coupled to trailed equipment. 4.15 special self-propelled agricultural machine: An implement designed with integral power unit with front drive axle and major mass on front axle. (Examples: combi

34、ne, cotton picker, windrower, etc.) 4.16 stopping distance: The distance traveled between the point at which the braking control is first moved and the point at which the machine comes to a stop. 4.17 stopping time: The time elapsed between the first movement of the braking control and the instant a

35、t which the machine comes to a stop. 4.18 test machine: The term used in this Standard to identify the agricultural machinery on which braking performance is measured by test. 4.19 towed agricultural machine: An implement that is designed to perform agricultural operations and is pulled by an agricu

36、ltural tractor or self-propelled agricultural machine. 4.20 towing or towed force: The force required to move a machine in a specified manner by another machine which has the motive power. 4.21 unladen machine: A machine completely serviced with fuel, coolant, and lubricants, carrying a driver (if r

37、equired) having a minimum weight of 75 kg (165 lb) but no optional accessories, weights, ballast or material load. 4.22 bulk carrier equipment: (see ASAE S390) 4.23 equipment mass ratio: The ratio of the maximum gross mass for stopping test divided by the mass of the unladen machine. 5 Classificatio

38、ns 5.1 For the purpose of this Standard, agricultural field equipment is classified in the following categories: Category Ia Two-Wheel Braked Agricultural Tractors Ib Four-Wheel Braked Agricultural Tractors Category IIa Self-Propelled Agricultural Machines IIb Special Self-Propelled Agricultural Mac

39、hines Category III Agricultural Trailers Category IV Towed Agricultural Machines ANSI/ASAE S365.9 NOV2011 (R2017) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 46 Facilities and instrumentation 6.1 The following facilities and instrumentation capabilities are required: 6.1.1 Am

40、bient temperature. A means of measuring ambient temperature within 3C (5F). 6.1.2 Braking system input force. An instrument to measure the applied force to the braking control, with an accuracy of 5%. 6.1.3 Stopping distance. A means of measuring the stopping distance with an accuracy of 1%. 6.1.4 T

41、est course. The test course shall be straight and consist of a clean swept, level dry concrete or other hard clean surface with equivalent friction characteristics and of adequate length to conduct the test. The approach shall be of sufficient length, smoothness and uniformity of grade to assure sta

42、bilized travel speed of the machine. The braking surface shall not have more than 1% grade in the direction of travel or more than 3% grade at right angles to the direction of travel. 6.1.5 Test speed. A means of measuring the test speed with an accuracy of 2%. 6.1.6 Test mass (weight). A means for

43、determining wheel loads with an accuracy of 3%. 6.1.7 Tire pressure. A means of measuring tire inflation pressure with an accuracy of 5%. 6.1.8 Towing or towed force. An instrument to measure towing force (tension and compression) with an accuracy of 3%, and with a towing force indicator visible to

44、the test machine operator. 6.1.9 Towing machine. A towing machine with sufficient power and mass (weight) to pull the test machine. The device connecting the towing machine to the test machine shall be horizontal within 4 degrees when the machine is on a level surface. 6.1.10 Wind velocity. A means

45、of measuring wind velocity with an accuracy of 3 km/h (2 mile/h). 6.2 Instrumentation to measure the following is optional: 6.2.1 Brake temperature. A temperature measuring system shall have 2% accuracy. 6.2.2 Braking system fluid pressure (for Category III and IV only). A means of measuring braking

46、 system fluid pressure with an accuracy of 5%. 6.2.3 Deceleration. An instrument to measure and record average deceleration with an accuracy of 3%. 6.2.4 Time to stop. A means of measuring the stopping time with an accuracy of 1%. 6.3 Braking system test report. A typical braking system test report

47、form is shown in Figure 1. ANSI/ASAE S365.9 NOV2011 (R2017) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 5Manufacturers Name and Address Vehicle Specification Make Model Type Serial No. Unladen Mass Maximum Gross Mass kg Maximum Design Speed Maximum Gross Mass (Stopping Tests)

48、 kg Location and Description of Axle or Tractive Device Tire Size Maximum Mass Technically Permissible on Each Axle or Wheel Mass on Each Axle or Wheel as Tested kg kgkg kgkg kgkg kgService Braking Device(s) Specification Brief Description of Parking Brake Make Type Secondary Braking Device(s) Speci

49、fication Test Results Service Braking System Test Speed (km/h) Brake Control Input Force (N) Required Stopping Distance (m) Measured or Calculated Stopping Distance (m) Slope Towing Percent Force (%) or (N) Brake Control Link Fluid Pressure Cat. III or IV Stopping Performance Tests Maximum Gross Mass Unladen Fade Test Recovery Test Wetted Brake Test Recovery Test Holding Test (Forward) (Reverse) Parking Brake Holding (Forward) (Reverse) Secondary Braking System (Forward) (Reverse) Ambient Te