ANSI ASABE S618-2010 Post Frame Building System Nomenclature《柱结构建筑体系命名法》.pdf

1、 ANSI/ASABE S618 DEC2010 (R2016) Post Frame Building System Nomenclature American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, food, and biologica

2、l systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural field equipment, farmstead equipment, structures, soil and water resource

3、management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informational and advisory only. Their use by anyone engaged in indu

4、stry or trade is entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicable ordinances, laws and regulations. Prospective users are responsible for prot

5、ecting themselves against liability for infringement of patents. ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data initially approved prior to the society name change in July of 2005 are designated as “ASAE“, regardless of the revision approval date. Newly developed Standards, Engineering Practices a

6、nd Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and oth

7、er criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessari

8、ly unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedures of ASABE require that action be taken periodically to

9、reaffirm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hqasabe.org ANSI/ASABE S618 DEC2010 (R2016) Copyright American Society

10、of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 1 ANSI/ASABE S618 DEC2010 (R2016) Approved January 2011 as an American National Standard Post Frame Building System Nomenclature Proposed by the ASABE Structure Group committee. Approved by the Structures and Environment Division. Adopted by ASABE December 20

11、10; approved as an American National Standard January 2011; reaffirmed by ANSI January 2016. Keywords: Pole building, Post frame, Wood design, Wood framing, Wood structures 1 Purpose and scope 1.1 This Standard provides definitions and classifications associated with post-frame building systems. 1.2

12、 This Standard is intended to establish uniformity in terms used in the design, construction, marketing and regulation of post frame building systems. 2 Normative references This Standard is intended to be consistent with terminology in the following documents. These documents are subject to revisio

13、n, and parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to investigate the most recent editions of these documents. ANSI/AF the second ply extends along the sides of the rafter extension and truss chord. Figure 20 Cross-sectional view through an overhead door in the sidewall of a building

14、 without an eave overhang 6.6 Purlin block: A member placed between purlins to help transfer load from roof sheathing to roof framing, to reduce purlin roll, and/or to eliminate bird perch points. See Figures 10 and 13. 6.7 Sub-fascia: A structural member located under the fascia or eave/ fascia tri

15、m. In a building with overhangs, the edge purlins and fly rafters generally function as subfasica. In a building without overhangs, the eave strut and rake rafters generally function as sub-fascia. See Figures 10 and 11. 6.8 Lookout: A short member in an eave overhang that connects the sub-fascia an

16、d wall. Generally used to support soffit. Unlike a rafter extension, a lookout is not used to structurally support purlins or eave sub-fascia. 6.9 Track board: A member to which a sliding door track is directly attached. 6.10 Track board support: A structural framing member that is used to support a

17、 track board. ANSI/ASABE S618 DEC2010 (R2016) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 10 7 Diaphragm components When post-frame building components (e.g., purlins, girts, purlin blocks, mechanical fasteners, etc.) are positioned and connected in such a way as to form a di

18、aphragm (see clause 4.4), these components take on additional names as defined in this section. 7.1 Diaphragm structural framing: Primary and secondary framing members to which structural sheathing panels are attached to form a diaphragm assembly. 7.2 Structural sheathing: Frame coverings that are s

19、elected in part for their ability to absorb and transfer structural loads. Common structural sheathings include plywood, oriented strand board, and corrugated steel. 7.2.1 Structural sheathing panel: An individual piece of structural sheathing. 7.3 Edge fastener: A sheathing-to-framing connector tha

20、t is located along the sides or ends of a structural sheathing panel. 7.4 Field fastener: A sheathing-to-framing connector that is not located along the sides or ends of a structural sheathing panel. 7.5 Seam or stitch fastener: An edge fastener that connects two structural sheathing panels thereby

21、adding in-plane shear continuity between the panels. 7.5.1 Anchored seam fastener: A seam fastener that penetrates the underlying structural framing a sufficient amount so as to significantly affect the shear characteristics of the connection. 7.6 Shear blocks: Short framing members used to help tra

22、nsfer shear force into or out of the structural sheathing of a diaphragm. For roof diaphragms, properly connected purlin blocks function as shear blocks. 7.7 Diaphragm chords: Diaphragm structural framing members that run perpendicular to the applied load, and thus are subjected to axial forces when

23、 the load works to bend the diaphragm. 7.8 Drag strut: A member, typically horizontal, that transfers shear from a floor, roof or ceiling diaphragm to a shear wall. 7.9 Structural ridge cap: A component that covers the ridge of a building and is capable of transferring shear force between diaphragms

24、 located on opposite sides of the ridge. 8 Foundation components This section contains descriptions of foundation components that are used to define foundation types in Section 9. 8.1 Embedded pier: A relatively short column embedded in the soil to provide support for an above-grade post, beam, wall

25、, or other structure. Piers include members of any material with assigned structural properties such as solid or laminated wood, steel, or concrete. Embedded piers differ from embedded posts in that they seldom extend above the lowest horizontal framing element in a structure, and when they do, it i

26、s often no more than a couple decimeters. See Figure 24. 8.2 Footing: Foundation component at the base of a post, pier or wall that provides resistance to vertical downward forces. When a footing is located below grade and properly attached to a post, pier or wall, it aids in the resistance of later

27、al and vertical uplift forces. See Figures 2225. 8.3 Uplift anchor: Any element mechanically attached to an embedded post or pier to increase the uplift resistance of the foundation. Common uplift anchors include concrete footings, concrete collars, preservative-treated wood blocks, steel angles, an

28、d concrete backfill. See Figures 2224. ANSI/ASABE S618 DEC2010 (R2016) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 11 8.4 Collar: Foundation component attached below grade to an embedded post or pier, and that moves with it to resist lateral and vertical loads. See Figure 23.

29、 8.5 Grade beam: A corrosion and decay resistant beam located on the soil surface. Also a long, thickened, and more heavily-reinforced portion of a slab-on-grade foundation. See Figure 21. Figure 21 Slab-on-grade foundation Figure 22 Post foundation featuring preservative-treated wood blocks for upl

30、ift anchorage ANSI/ASABE S618 DEC2010 (R2016) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 12 Figure 23 Post foundation featuring a cast-in-place concrete collar for uplift anchorage and increased lateral resistance 9 Foundation types This section defines foundation types that

31、 are commonly used to support post-frame building systems. 9.1 Post foundation: A foundation consisting of an embedded post and all attached below-grade elements, which may include a footing, uplift resistance system, and collar. See Figures 22 and 23. 9.2 Pier foundation: A foundation consisting of

32、 an embedded pier and all attached below-grade elements, which may include a footing, uplift resistance system, and collar. See Figure 24. 9.2.1 Pier and beam foundation: A pier foundation that supports a grade beam. 9.3 Slab-on-grade foundation: A reinforced concrete slab that rests on the soil sur

33、face. Slab areas located directly beneath structural columns or walls are generally thicker and more heavily reinforced. Long, thickened and reinforced portions are generally referred to as grade beams. See Figure 21. 9.4 Stem wall foundation: A foundation consisting of a continuous wall that may be

34、 placed on a continuous footing. The base of the foundation is generally located below expected frost penetration depths. See Figure 25. 10 Dimensions 10.1 Grade line grade level: The line of intersection between the building exterior and the finished ground surface and/or top of the pavement in con

35、tact with the building exterior. See Figures 2225. 10.2 Floor level: Elevation of the finished floor surface. In the absence of a finished floor, the floor level is taken as the elevation of the bottom edge of the bottom girt. In buildings with stem wall foundations and no finished floor, floor leve

36、l is taken as the elevation of the unfinished floor. See Figure 22. 10.3 Eave line: Line formed by the intersection of the plane formed by the top edge of the purlins and the plane formed by the outside edge of the sidewall girts ANSI/ASABE S618 DEC2010 (R2016) Copyright American Society of Agricult

37、ural and Biological Engineers 13 Figure 24 Pier foundation featuring steel angles for uplift anchorage Figure 25 Stem wall foundation ANSI/ASABE S618 DEC2010 (R2016) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 14 10.4 Rake line: Line formed by the intersection of the plane fo

38、rmed by the top edge of the purlins and the plane formed by the outside edge of the endwall girts 10.5 Ridge line: Line formed by the intersection of the plane formed by the top edge of the purlins on one side of the roof and the plane formed by the top edge of the purlins on the opposite side of th

39、e roof. For a mono-slope roof, the ridge line is the line formed by the intersection of the plane formed by the top edge of the purlins and the plane formed by the outside edge of the girts in the tallest sidewall. 10.6 Foundation depth: Vertical distance from the grade line to the bottom of the fou

40、ndation. Typically the vertical distance from the ground surface to the base of the footing. Also known as foundation embedment depth. See Figures 2225. 10.7 Post embedment depth: Vertical distance from the grade line to the bottom of an embedded post. Equal to the foundation depth when the post doe

41、s not bear on a footing or other foundation element. See Figure 22. 10.8 Pier embedment depth: Vertical distance from the grade line to the bottom of a pier. Equal to the foundation depth when the footing is part of the pier (i.e., the footing is cast integrally with the pier). See Figure 24. 10.9 C

42、lear height: Vertical distance between the finished floor and the lowest part of a truss, rafter, or girder. 10.10 Post height: The length of the non-embedded portion of a post. 10.11 Eave height: Vertical distance between the floor level and the eave line. 10.12 Building height: Vertical distance b

43、etween the floor level and the ridge line. Also known as ridge height. 10.13 Building bay: The area between adjacent post-frames 10.14 Frame spacing: On-center horizontal spacing of primary frames. Frame spacing may vary within a building. Also known as bay width. 10.15 Clear span: Horizontal distan

44、ce from the face of one support to the face of the opposite support. 10.16 Building width: Horizontal distance between the outside face of the girts in one sidewall and the outside face of the girts in the opposite sidewall. 10.17 Building length: Horizontal distance between the outside face of the

45、girts in one endwall and the outside face of the girts in the opposite endwall. 10.18 Eave overhang distance: Horizontal distance from the eave line to the outside of the subfacia. 10.19 Rake overhang distance: Horizontal distance from the rake line to the outside of the fly rafter. 10.20 Girt spaci

46、ng: On-center vertical spacing of girts. 10.21 Purlin spacing: On-center spacing of purlins. 11 Commentary 11.1 Building systems: A post-frame building system is structurally analogous to the typical low-rise metal building system. Conventional buildings of both types have two-dimensional primary fr

47、ames that are connected with secondary framing members. Nomenclature for both building systems is similar. The major difference is that the majority of framing members in a post-frame building are wood-based. ANSI/ASABE S618 DEC2010 (R2016) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological E

48、ngineers 15 11.2 Post size and spacing: Post size and post spacing are dictated by such factors as: size of wall openings, wall heights, spacing of primary roof framing, and type and magnitude of structural loads. 11.3 Secondary framing: Bracing is a primary function of virtually all secondary frami

49、ng members not just those listed under clause 6.5. For example, a principal function of purlins and girts is to provide lateral bracing to trusses and posts, respectively. Unlike the braces listed under clause 6.5, purlins and girts are generally located to facilitate sheathing attachment, and their sizes are normally based on the magnitude of the loads applied to the sheathing, and on the spacing of the primary framing members to which they must transfer load. 11.4 Individual web member bracing versus web member continuo