ANSI ASHRAE 110-2016 Methods of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume Hoods.pdf

1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 110-2016(Supersedes ASHRAE Standard 110-1995)Methods of TestingPerformance ofLaboratory Fume HoodsApproved by ASHRAE on March 31, 2016, and by the American National Standards Institute on April 1, 2016.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date f

2、ollowing the Standard number is the year ofASHRAE approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org)or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636

3、-8400 (worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprintpermission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2016 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consens

4、us is definedby the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,but no

5、t necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus throu

6、gh participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other co

7、mmittee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the content

8、s of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in lig

9、ht of available information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its

10、Standards or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in designing and i

11、nstalling equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Stan

12、dard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 110Cognizant TC: 9.10, Laboratory SystemsSPLS Liaison: Heather L. PlattWade H. Conlan*, Chair Robert Haude

13、n David RuhlandFrederick A. Lorch*, Vice-Chair Nathan L. Ho* Thomas C. Smith*Martin J. Burke* Gerhard W. Knutson* Kevin A. Sweeney*Rob Chopwick Lloyd Le Don Watson*Bohdan Fedyk* Gary L. Miller*Kevin C. Gilkison* Kurt P. Rindoks* Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for pub

14、licationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20152016Douglass T. Reindl, Chair Steven J. Emmerich Heather L. PlattRita M. Harrold, Vice-Chair Julie M. Ferguson David RobinJames D. Aswegan Walter T. Grondzik Peter SimmondsNiels Bidstrup Roger L. Hedrick Dennis A. StankeDonald M. Brundage Srinivas Katipamula Wa

15、yne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.John A. Clark Rick A. Larson Jack H. ZarourWaller S. Clements Lawrence C. Markel Julia A. Keen, BOD ExOJohn F. Dunlap Arsen K. Melikov James K. Vallort, COJames W. Earley, Jr. Mark P. ModeraKeith I. Emerson Cyrus H. NasseriStephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of StandardsCONT

16、ENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 110-2016,Methods of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume HoodsSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.32 Scope33 Definitions and Abbreviations34 Instrumentation and Equipment 65 Test Conditions .136 Face Velocity Measurement Procedure147 Flow Visualization Procedure168 Tracer Gas

17、 Test Procedure.179 References1810 Informative Appendix A: Commentary and Additional Information on Standard 110 Sections .1911 Informative Appendix B: Diagnostic Use of this Standard.2612 Informative Appendix C: Example Report.3013 Informative Appendix D: Bibliography.31NOTEApproved addenda, errata

18、, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAEwebsite at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2016 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Ai

19、r-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 110-2016(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pr

20、o-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDFirst published in 1985 and revised in 1995

21、, ASHRAEStandard 110 provides a method of testing the performance oflaboratory fume hoods. This revised edition has beenexpanded in a number of significant ways: The test procedures now require digital collection of datarather than allowing manual data collection. Some modifications have been made t

22、o the test proce-dure. These modifications were made based on the expe-rience of the committee members or to clarify statementsin the 1995 edition of the standard. Informative Appendix A, which provides explanatoryinformation, has been expanded. Informative Appendix B, a new nonmandatory section,pro

23、vides guidance to anyone using the standard as adiagnostic tool in investigating the cause of poor hoodperformance.The aim of this standard is to provide a test that takesinto account the wide variety of factors that influence the per-formance of laboratory fume hoods. The ability of a labora-tory h

24、ood to provide protection for the user at the face of thehood is strongly influenced by the aerodynamic design of thehood, the method of operation of the hood, the stability of theexhaust ventilation system, the supply ventilation of the labo-ratory room, the work practices of the user, and other fe

25、aturesof the laboratory in which it is installed. Therefore, there is aneed for a test method that can be used to evaluate the perfor-mance of a laboratory hood in the ideal environment and inthe field to establish an “as used” performance rating,including the influences of the laboratory arrangemen

26、t andits ventilation system.This standard defines a reproducible method of testinglaboratory hoods. It does not define safe procedures. How-ever, laboratory hoods are considered by many to be the pri-mary safety devices in conducting laboratory operations.There are many important factors in the safe

27、 operation oflaboratory hoods that are not described in this standard.These include the following: Cross-drafts. Air currents may, by creating turbulent airpockets, draw contaminants from the hoods. Such cross-drafts could be caused by air supply diffusers or grilles,open windows or doors, or rapid

28、movements of people infront of the hood. Work procedures. There is substantial evidence to sug-gest that all work in a hood should be conducted as farback in the hood as practical. Generally, users have stan-dardized the requirement that all work should occur atleast 6 in. (150 mm) behind the face o

29、f the hood. How-ever, significantly improved protection can be achievedby working farther than 6 in. (150 mm) from the face ofthe hood. Internal obstructions. The location of too much labora-tory equipment (bottles, glass, etc.) in the hood will dis-turb airflow patterns into the hood. The procedure

30、 being performed. The intrinsic hazard ofthe procedure being performed can affect the level ofsafety required by the user. Thermal challenge. Heat produced in the hood cancause significant disturbance in hood performance andeven cause leakage of warm and possibly contaminatedair from the top of the

31、hood or from behind the sash. Rate of response. The time interval required for a hoodto respond to a change in static pressure in the mainexhaust duct serving multiple hoods may affect hood per-formance.In summary, there are many factors to consider in evalu-ating the performance of a laboratory hoo

32、d installation. Thisstandard provides one tool in evaluating such safety. This test method presumes a conditioned environment.No test can be devised which would, conducted once or infre-quently (for example, annually), reflect the results whichwould be obtained in an unconditioned laboratory with va

33、ri-ous conditions of windows, wind velocity, etc.The procedure is a performance test method and does notconstitute a performance specification. It is analogous to amethod of chemical analysis, which prescribes how to analyzefor a chemical constituent, not how much of the substanceshould be present.

34、Another analogy would be a method formeasuring airflow: the method prescribes how the flowshould be measured, not how much it should be.The desired hood performance should be defined throughthe cooperative efforts of the user, the chemical hygiene offi-cer, the applications engineer, and other parti

35、es affected bythe hood performance. It should be noted that the perfor-mance test method does not give a direct correlation betweentesting with a tracer gas and operator exposures. This methodof testing is not intended to replace a personal sampling mon-itoring program. Many factors, such as the phy

36、sical proper-ties of the material, the rate and mode of evolution, theamount of time the user spends at the face of the hood, andseveral other factors must be integrated by a trained observerinto a complete evaluation of user exposure. The performancetest method does, however, give a relative and qu

37、antitativedetermination of the efficiency of the hood containment undera set of specific, although arbitrary, conditions. The same testcan be used to evaluate hoods in manufacturer facilitiesunder (presumably) ideal conditions or under some specifiedcondition of room air supply or during the commiss

38、ioning ofa new or renovated laboratory before the user has occupiedthe laboratory.This method consists of the following three tests: Flow visualization Face velocity measurements Tracer gas containmentANSI/ASHRAE Standard 110-2016 3The flow visualization and face velocity tests shouldalways precede

39、tracer gas testing for a thorough evaluationof hood performance. The flow visualization and face velocitytests can be conducted without the tracer gas test as a combi-nation of a quantitative velocity measurement and a qualita-tive evaluation of hood performance. This portion of thestandard could be

40、 used in the testing and balancing of newfacilities and periodic tests of many hoods at a large facility.The full test procedure (visualization, face velocity, and tracergas) is a quantitative measurement of a hoods containmentability and is useful for hood development and rigorous eval-uation of ho

41、od performance. This standard may be used as part of a performancespecification once the required control levels have been set.The desired hood performance should be defined through thecooperative efforts of the hood user, the chemical hygieneofficer, the applications engineer, and other parties who

42、 maybe affected by unsatisfactory fume hood performance. Threealternate ratings can be determined, depending on the condi-tion of the test. An “as manufactured” (AM) test would beconducted at the hood manufacturers location and would testonly the design of the laboratory hood independent of the lab-

43、oratory environment. An “as installed” (AI) test would beconducted in a newly constructed or renovated laboratoryafter thorough testing and balancing has been completed butbefore the user has occupied the laboratory. Consequently,the test would include the influences of the laboratory envi-ronment,

44、such as the aerodynamic design of the hood, thesupply air system, the geometry of the room, and the exhaustair system. The final test would be an “as used” (AU) test inwhich the investigator accepts the hood in the condition inwhich the user has established the hood. This includesobstructions within

45、 the hood, maladjustment of the baffles,thermal challenge within the hood, and other factors.If this standard is to be used as part of a specification,the following criteria must be specified:a. Sash test opening or openings, which should address boththe design opening and the typical use openingsb.

46、 Average face velocityc. Range of face velocitiesd. Average face velocity for sash at 25% and 50% of thedesign hood openinge. Acceptable smoke visualization testsf. Performance rating (as defined in the standard)g. Sash movement performance ratingh. For variable-air-volume (VAV) hoods, the speed ofr

47、esponse and the time to steady statei. For auxiliary air hoods, the percentage of auxiliary airsupplyj. Special conditions or testsThis standard does not constitute an engineering investi-gation of what the causes may be for poor performance or ofways to improve the performance. The test may, of cou

48、rse, beused as an aid to such an investigation. InformativeAppendix B addresses some possible applications of the testprocedure as a diagnostic tool.The test protocol provides for the hood sash to be placedat the design opening. Because operation of the hood may bewith the sash opened beyond the des

49、ign criteria, it is prudentto also conduct the tests with the hood full open to test poten-tial conditions of misuse. A properly designed hood installed in a properlydesigned laboratory may still be misused. For example, theuser may have the hood too full of laboratory equipment ormay be using the hood for storage space. The possibilities aretoo varied to specify in any detail. Therefore, the test proce-dure is to be conducted on the hood “as is.” The equipment inthe hood should be operating normally.Although the test uses a tracer gas to evaluate the perfor