ANSI ASHRAE 118.2-2006 Method of Testing for Rating Residential Water Heaters《家用热水器等级的测试方法》.pdf

1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 118.2-2006 (RA 2015)(Reaffirmation of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 118.2-2006)Method of Testing forRating ResidentialWater HeatersApproved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on January 21, 2006; by the ASHRAE Board of Directors on January 26,2006; and by the American National Standards I

2、nstitute on January 27, 2006. Reaffirmed by ASHRAE on July 1, 2015, and bythe American National Standards Institute on July 2, 2015.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date following the Standard number is the year ofASHRAE approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE

3、 Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org)or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprintper

4、mission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2015 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is definedby the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a memb

5、er and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, an

6、d that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and publi

7、c review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the s

8、ubject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering construc

9、tive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guaran

10、tee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING

11、 POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing ot

12、her informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, e

13、ither stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 118.2Cognizant TC: TC 6.6, Service Water HeatingSPLS Liaison: Roger L. HedrickJames D. Lutz, Chair* James W. Earley* Mark W. Paquette*Daryl L. Hosler, Chair 19992003 Wilber L. Haag, Jr.* Fred J. Sc

14、hreinerKevin J. Alphs William M. Healy* Frank A. Stanonik*Timothy A. Bernadowski Carl C. Hiller* Bodh R. Subherwal*John C. Bock Eric M. Lannes Richard F. Topping*Robert E. Chase* George M. Kusterer* Brad N. Windon*Titu R. Doctor* R. Michael Martin Otto Z. Vago* Denotes members of voting status when

15、the document was approved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20142015Richard L. Hall, Chair James W. Earley, Jr. Mark P. ModeraDouglass T. Reindl, Vice-Chair Steven J. Emmerich Cyrus H. NasseriJoseph R. Anderson Patricia T. Graef Heather L. PlattJames Dale Aswegan Rita M. Harrold Peter Simmon

16、dsCharles S. Barnaby Adam W. Hinge Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Donald M. Brundage Srinivas Katipamula Jack H. ZarourJohn A. Clark Debra H. Kennoy Julia A. Keen, BOD ExOWaller S. Clements Malcolm D. Knight Bjarne Wilkens Olesen, CODavid R. Conover Rick A. LarsonJohn F. Dunlap Arsen K. MelkovStephanie C.

17、 Reiniche, Senior Manager of Standards ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.CONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 118.2-2006 (RA 2015),Method of Testing

18、for Rating Residential Water HeatersSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.22 Scope23 Definitions .24 Classifications .25 Requirements36 Instruments .37 Apparatus38 Methods of Testing69 Test Procedures710 Symbols.811 Calculation of Results912 References12Informative Annex A: US Values for Test Variables13

19、Informative Annex B: Gas Heating Value Correction Factor.14NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAEWeb site at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2015 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.A

20、SHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in

21、 either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 118.2-2006 (RA 2015)(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cess

22、ed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDThis test procedure is a revision of ANSI/ASHRAE

23、Standard118.2-1993, Method of Testing for Rating Residential WaterHeaters.Various changes were made to improve the clarity andconsistency of the standard. Some material was moved to theappendices. Other changes were to require one pre-draw, torequire a 24-hour soak-in period before the test, and to

24、han-dle recovery periods that are preceded by multiple draws. Thetolerances allowed in some measurements were reduced, andreferences to other standards were updated. The scope waschanged to coordinate with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 118.1-2003, Method of Testing for Rating Commercial Gas, Elec-tric, and O

25、il Service Water Heating Equipment.This update was initiated by Technical Committee 6.6,Service Water Heating, after a review by members of the com-mittee. The document was developed following regularASHRAE procedures for updating standards.1. PURPOSEThe purpose of this standard is to provide test p

26、rocedures forrating the efficiency and hot water delivery capabilities ofdirectly heated residential water heaters.2. SCOPEThis standard applies to the following:a. gas-fired water heaters with a self-contained, temperature-activated primary operating control and not requiring cir-culation of water

27、for heating (Type I), with rated input nogreater than 75,000 Btu/h (22 kW);b. oil-fired water heaters with a self-contained, temperature-activated primary operating control and not requiring cir-culation of water for heating (Type I), with rated input nogreater than 105,000 Btu/h (30.8 kW);c. electr

28、ic resistance water heaters with a primary self-con-tained, temperature-activated operating control and notrequiring circulation of water for heating (Type I), withrated input no greater than 12 kW;d. gas-fired water heaters with a self-contained, flow-acti-vated primary operating control and requir

29、ing water flowfor heating (Type II), with rated input no greater than200,000 Btu/h (58.6 kW);e. oil-fired water heaters with a self-contained, flow-acti-vated primary operating control and requiring water flowfor heating (Type II), with rated input no greater than210,000 Btu/h (61.5 kW);f. electric

30、resistance water heaters with a self-contained,flow-activated primary control and requiring water flowfor heating (Type II), with rated input no greater than12 kW;g. gas-fired water heaters with a remote temperature-acti-vated primary operating control and requiring circulationthrough the heater for

31、 heating (Type III), with rated inputno greater than 75,000 Btu/h (22 kW),h. oil-fired water heaters with a remote temperature-acti-vated primary operating control and requiring circulationof water through the heater for heating (Type III), withrated input no greater than 105,000 Btu/h (30.7 kW);i.

32、electric resistance water heaters with a remote tempera-ture-activated operating control and requiring circulationthrough the heater for heating (Type III), with rated inputno greater than 12 kW; andj. single-phase air-source heat-pump water heaters (TypesIV and V), with rated input no greater than

33、6 kW.3. DEFINITIONSauxiliary electrical system: any electrical-energy-using com-ponents, such as a power burner, induced or forced-draftblower, or ignition system, supplied by the manufacturer aspart of a gas-fired or oil-fired water heater.cutout: the time when a water heater thermostat has acted t

34、oreduce to a minimum the energy or fuel input to the heat inputdevice under its control.efficiency, recovery: the efficiency of a tank-type water heatermeasured from the time a water draw initiates main burneroperation until it ends, after a water draw has stopped.heat-pump water heater: a water hea

35、ter that uses a refrigera-tion cycle to extract heat from a source to heat water.energy factor: the measure of overall efficiency in terms ofenergy output compared to energy consumption over a 24-hour cycle of use.first-hour rating: the amount of hot water in gallons (liters)that the water heater ca

36、n supply in an hour of operation by themethod of test described in this standard.input rating: except for heat-pump water heaters, the ratingthat appears on the water heaters rating plate, expressed inBritish thermal units per hour (Btu/h) or kilowatts (kW), asappropriate. For heat-pump water heater

37、s, see Section 11.3.1.mean tank temperature: the mean of the water temperaturesdetermined using the water heater tank thermometry devicesdescribed in Section 7.3.1.residential water heater: an appliance designed to produceheated water for applications requiring hot water at less than180F (82.2C), wh

38、ich is within the input limitations stated inSection 2.storage water heater: a water heater that heats and storespotable water within itself at a thermostatically controlledtemperature for delivery on demand.4. CLASSIFICATIONSResidential water heaters are classified as follows:Water heaters in which

39、 the primary operating control istemperature-actuated are classified as Type I.Water heaters in which the primary operating control isflow-activated are classified as Type II. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or di

40、gital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 118.2-2006 (RA 2015) 35. REQUIREMENTSWater heaters shall be tested to determine the efficiency interms of an energy factor and the hot water delivery capabilityin terms of a first-hour rating using the test pro

41、cedures andcalculations in this standard.6. INSTRUMENTS6.1 General. Instruments are required for the following mea-surements with the degree of accuracy noted. Instrumentsshall be calibrated periodically, and a record shall be keptcontaining (at least) the date of calibration, the method of cal-ibra

42、tion, and the reference standard used.6.2 Temperature. Temperature-measuring devices and anyassociated readout instrumentation shall be in accordancewith ASHRAE Standard 41.1-1986 (RA 2001), StandardMethod for Temperature Measurement.1The time constant ofthe thermometry devices used for measuring th

43、e inlet and out-let water temperatures shall be no greater than five seconds.6.3 Pressure. Pressure-measuring instruments shall have anerror no greater than the following:Gas: 0.1 in. wc (25 Pa)Oil: 5.0 psi (34 kPa)Atmospheric: 0.01 in. mercury (33.8 Pa)Water: 1.0 psi (6.9 kPa)6.4 Draft. Draft gauge

44、s shall have an accuracy of 0.005in. wc (1.2 Pa). Minimum divisions on the draft gauge shallbe 0.005 in. wc (1.2 Pa).6.5 Weight. Scales shall have an error no greater than 0.5%.6.6 Time. Timing instruments shall have an error no greaterthan 0.5 s/h.6.7 Energy Consumption. Instruments measuring energ

45、yconsumption for the following fuels shall have errors nogreater than listed below:Electricity: 0.5%Gas: 1.0%Oil: 1.0%6.8 Higher Heating Value. The measurement of the higherheating value of either natural gas, propane, or fuel oil shallhave an error no greater than 1.0%.6.9 Water Flow. A flowmeter m

46、ay be used in place of aweight tank and scale for determining water flow rate andquantity. Conversion to lb (kg) of water, where required, shallbe based upon the specific volume listed in the 2005 ASHRAEHandbookFundamentals, Chapter 6, Table 3,2for the tem-perature of the water metered. Water flow m

47、eters shall havean error no greater than 0.5% of total draw.6.10 Combustion Products. Stack and flue CO2(carbondioxide) shall be determined with an instrument providing areading with an error no greater than 0.1 percentage points.6.11 Smoke. Smoke-measuring instruments shall complywith requirements

48、for smoke meters as outlined in ANSI/ASTM D2156-94 (2003), Standard Test Method for SmokeDensity in Flue Gases from Burning Distillate Fuels.37. APPARATUS7.1 Test Platform. A water heater or storage tank designedto be freestanding shall be placed on a in. (19 mm) thickplywood platform supported by t

49、hree 2 4 in. (50 100 mm)runners. If necessary, provide an additional platform for theheat-pump section of a heat-pump water heater. If the waterheater is not approved for installation on combustible floor-ing, suitable noncombustible material shall be placed betweenit and the platform.Water heaters designed for wall mounting shall bemounted to a nonmetallic wall section in a manner specifiedby the manufacturer.Countertop water heaters shall be placed against a non-metallic wall section.Placement in the test room shall be in an area protectedfrom