ANSI ASHRAE 150-2000 Method of Testing the Performance of Cool Storage Systems.pdf

1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 150-2000 (RA 2014)(Reaffirmation of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 150-2000)Method of Testing thePerformance ofCool Storage SystemsApproved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on June 28, 2000; and reaffirmed on June 28, 2014; by the ASHRAE Board ofDirectors on June 29, 2000; and reaffirmed

2、 on July 2, 2014; and by the American National Standards Institute on November, 15,2000; and reaffirmed on July 3, 2014.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date following the standard number is the year ofASHRAE Board of Directors approval. The latest edition of an

3、 ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website(www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail:ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US andCanada). For repri

4、nt permission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2014 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE.Consensus is defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is

5、a member and which has approved thisstandard as an ANS, as “substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrenceof more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be consider

6、ed, and that aneffort be made toward their resolution.” Compliance with this standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliancemandatory through legislation.ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and p

7、ublic review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in t

8、he subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all ProjectCommittees.The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for:a. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive

9、 criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information andaccepted industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee,

10、 certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components,or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under itsStandards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POL

11、ICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for ratingpurposes,bysuggestingsafepracticesindesigningandinstallingequipment,byprovidingproperdefinitionsofthisequipment,andbyprovidingother information that may

12、 serve to guide the industry.The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them,and conformance to them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,

13、that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standing Standard Project Committee 150CognizantTC:TC 6.9,Thermal StorageCharles E. Dorgan, Chair* Kenneth L. Gillespie, Jr.*James S. Elleson, Secretary* John J. Harmon*David Arnold* Mark M. MacCrackenRalph L. Breisch, III* Frederick A. McDonough,

14、Jr.*Robert A. Davis Robert P. Miller*Chad B. Dorgan Sidney A. ParsonsDonald Paul Fiorino* Chang W. SohnDonald L. Geistert G. Robert Voelz*Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20132014William F. Walter, Chair David R. Conover Malcol

15、m D. KnightRichard L. Hall, Vice-Chair John F. Dunlap Rick A. LarsonKarim Amrane James W. Earley, Jr. Mark P. ModeraJoseph R. Anderson Steven J. Emmerich Cyrus H. NasseriJames Dale Aswegan Julie M. Ferguson Janice C. PetersonCharles S. Barnaby Krishnan Gowri Heather L. PlattSteven F. Bruning Cecily

16、M. Grzywacz Douglas T. ReindlJohn A. Clark Rita M. Harrold Julia A. Keen, BOD ExOWaller S. Clements Adam W. Hinge Thomas E. Werkema, Jr., CODebra H. KennoyStephanie C. Reiniche, Manager of StandardsCONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 150-2000 (RA 2014)Method of Testing the Performance of Cool Storage Syste

17、msSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.32 Scope33 Definitions .34 Classifications .45 Requirements46 Instruments .107 Test Methods 138 Test Procedures159 Data to be Recorded.1610 Calculation of Results1611 Test Report1712 References17Annex A: Discussion of Fluid Flow Measurement Methods 18Annex B: Uncer

18、tainty Analysis Procedure 19Annex C: Example Cool Storage System Instrumentation Schematics . 31Annex D: A Method of Determining Spatial Variation in a Liquid Flow Stream.38Annex E: Test Report Forms.39NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charg

19、e from the ASHRAEWeb site at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2014 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the A

20、merican National Standards Institute.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 150-2000 (RA 2014)(This foreword is not a part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a stan-da

21、rd and may contain material that has not been subjectto public review or a consensus process.)FOREWORDThis standard was developed to provide a uniform methodfor evaluating the performance of cool storage systemsinstalled in buildings or central plants and is intended to beused by owners, operators,

22、consultants, and others. The testmethod provided in this standard will eliminate the need todevelop a specific test procedure for each individual project.Hereinafter in this foreword, “system” means “cool stor-age system” unless noted otherwise.This standard provides a method of determining the cool

23、-ing performance of a given installation at the time of turnoverto the owner or at any time during its useful life. The standardincludes options for testing a system at times when less thanthe peak load is available. A method is given for defining testloads that enable the user to determine if the c

24、ool storage sys-tem would perform as expected when subjected to the actualpeak load.The standard can also be used to determine the maximumperformance of a new or existing system. This informationmay be desired to optimize the system or to determine the sys-tems current capability prior to an increas

25、e in load or otherchanges to the system.It is recognized that field testing is costly, and this stan-dard may not provide sufficient benefit to warrant its use atevery cool storage installation. Some packaged or modularsystems can be provided with sufficient data to establish theirexpected or design

26、 performance without field testing. How-ever, the user still may elect to carry out a field evaluation tohelp ensure that the system will perform under peak designconditions or to qualify for utility or government incentives.Many cool storage installations are completely or par-tially dependent upon

27、 field assembly of components that can-not be pre-rated or tested prior to assembly. For these systems,field testing is the only way to ensure that the installed systemmeets the specified performance requirements.In other cases, it may be in the best interest of owners,contractors, manufacturers, an

28、d designers to establish the sys-tems level of performance at the time of installation. Thiscould prevent costly disagreements or litigation after the sys-tem has been accepted and operated for a period of time, pos-sibly under different load conditions.The test methods provided in this standard are

29、 intended toestablish cool storage system performance but not to diagnosesystem operation. These test methods specifically enable theuser to economically determine the available capacity of thestorage device, the capacity available to meet a load, and theefficiency of the system in meeting the load.

30、 They can also beused to characterize the cooling loads for a specific buildingor cooling system. Users are encouraged to utilize additionalinstruments and take additional measurements beyond thoserequired by the standard to aid in system diagnosis and opti-mization.Test method results represent the

31、 actual field performanceand capacity under the load profile defined for the test, not themanufacturers nominal rating. The results may not corre-spond to ratings based on other conditions.This standard does not specify how test results will beused. Interpretation of the data obtained from the test

32、is theresponsibility of the user.The committee initially set out to produce separate testmethods for different cool storage technologies. As the testmethods were developed, it became evident that the basicsteps of the test procedure are the same for any technology.The differences among cool storage

33、technologies areaddressed in the definitions of the test conditions.Subsection 5.3 of the standard requires that the user pro-vide certain information about the system necessary to definethe test conditions and requirements. This informationincludes:1. The load profile against which the storage devi

34、ce orsystem must be tested. The user should note that theusable storage capacity of a given storage device orsystem will vary depending on the load profile.2. The tests that are to be performed. Users may elect toperform any number of the individual tests defined inthe standard.3. System parameters

35、such as maximum usable dis-charge temperature, maximum usable cooling supplytemperature, and criteria for determining the fullycharged and fully discharged conditions.4. For the Cool Storage System Capacity Test, theboundaries of the system or the portion of the systemthat is under test.This standar

36、d may be referenced in project specificationsrequiring performance testing of newly installed systems.Users of the standard should note that any specificationrequiring testing under this standard must also include theinformation required by 5.3.This standard does not specifically address testing ofc

37、hillers as components. The scope of the standard doesinclude the performance of chillers or refrigeration machinesas parts of a larger system. Users may want to test chiller per-formance concurrent with performing the tests specified in thisstandard, since much of the required instrumentation mayalr

38、eady be in place.In keeping with common international practice, the stan-dard uses the unit of kWh, instead of the standard SI unit ofMJ, to measure cooling energy stored or delivered. The stan-dard uses the subscripted units kWhTand kWhEto differenti-ate thermal and electrical energy. As MJ becomes

39、 accepted incommon practice, the standard should be revised to use unitsof MJ for cooling energy.Designers of cool storage systems that will be testedunder this standard should specify in their design documentsthe appropriate instrumentation and system configuration asdefined in this standard. The s

40、pecification should include suffi-cient detail for the selected sensor(s) to perform as required.The committee could not find existing flow measurementstandards that address field installation and calibration andthat encompass the broad range of currently available tech-ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 150-2000

41、 (RA 2014) 3nologies and sensors. Consequently, detailed guidance is pro-vided in Annex A.The instrument accuracy requirements in this standardwere selected to provide 10% or better uncertainty in the over-all calculation of capacity for most systems. The standard rec-ommends that users who have str

42、icter requirements conductan uncertainty analysis prior to testing to aid in the selectionof instrument types and the measurement method. The uncer-tainty analysis helps confirm that the selected instruments willprovide the desired accuracy in the test results. A similaruncertainty analysis should a

43、lso be completed after testing,using measured data to determine the uncertainty interval inthe test results. Annex B discusses the issues addressed in anuncertainty analysis.This is a reaffirmation of Standard 150-2000 (RA 2004).This standard was prepared under the auspices of ASHRAE. Itmay be used,

44、 in whole or in part, by an association or govern-ment agency with due credit to ASHRAE. Adherence is strictlyon a voluntary basis and merely in the interests of obtaininguniform guidelines throughout the industry. This version of thereaffirmation has no changes.1. PURPOSEThis standard prescribes a

45、uniform set of testing proce-dures for determining the cooling capacities and efficienciesof cool storage systems.2. SCOPE2.1 This standard covers cool storage systems composed ofchillers, storage medium, storage device or vessel, heat sinkequipment or heat sink systems, and other auxiliary equip-me

46、nt required to provide a complete and working system.2.2 This standard includes the following:a. a uniform method of testing,b. identification of test equipment for performing suchtests,c. identification of data required and calculations to beused, andd. definitions and terminology.2.3 This standard

47、 does not cover testing of the air side dis-tribution.3. DEFINITIONSaccuracy: the ability of an instrument to indicate the truevalue of a measured quantity.1capacity: see thermal storage capacity, cool storagesystem capacity.cool storage system: a system that uses a thermal storagedevice to meet all

48、 or part of a cooling or refrigeration load. Acool storage system is composed of chillers, thermal storagemedium, thermal storage device or vessel, heat sink equip-ment or heat sink systems, and other auxiliary equipment andmay be a part or subset of a larger cooling system.cool storage system capac

49、ity: the maximum amount ofcooling energy that can be supplied by a cool storage systemin response to a particular load profile, as determined by theCool Storage System Capacity Test.cycle: see storage cycle.critical discharge point: the point in the load profile atwhich the combination of the required discharge rate and thecurrent storage inventory causes the discharge temperaturefrom the thermal storage device to rise to its highest value.efficiency:cycle-specific energy use: ratio of the totalenergy input in kWhEor kWhT(kWhEor Btu) to thetotal energy in kWhT(ton-hour)