ANSI ASME B30.19-2011 Cableways《索道》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B30.19-2011(Revision of ASME B30.19-2005)CablewaysSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without lice

2、nse from IHS-,-,-Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.19-2011(Revision of ASME B30.19-2005)CablewaysSafety Standard for Cableways,Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks,and Sli

3、ngsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USACopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: March 31, 2011The next edition of this Standard is schedul

4、ed for publication in 2016. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance. There will be no addenda issued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web si

5、te under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the

6、criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailableforpublicreviewandcommentthatprovid

7、esanopportunityforadditionalpublicinputfromindustry,academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted i

8、n connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity o

9、f any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts respo

10、nsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,withou

11、t the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2011 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME

12、Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommitteeRoster . vB30StandardIntroduction . viiSummaryofChanges xChapter 19-0 Scope, Definitions, and References 1Section19-0.1 ScopeofB30.19 . 1Section19-0.2 Definitions 1Section19-0.3 References

13、3Chapter 19-1 Construction and Characteristics 10Section19-1.1 LoadRatings . 10Section19-1.2 DesignandManufacture 10Section19-1.3 ConstructionandErection . 10Chapter 19-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance 16Section19-2.1 Inspection 16Section19-2.2 Testing . 17Section19-2.3 Maintenance 17Section19

14、-2.4 RopeInspection,Replacement,andMaintenance . 18Chapter 19-3 Operation 20Section19-3.1 OperatorQualificationsandOperatingPractice 20Section19-3.2 OperatingPractices . 20Section19-3.3 Signals . 22Section19-3.4 Miscellaneous . 22Figures19-0.2.1-1 FixedCableway . 419-0.2.1-2 LuffingCableway . 519-0.

15、2.1-3 ParallelCableway . 619-0.2.1-4 RadialCableway 719-0.2.2-1 Two-DrumCablewayHoist 819-0.2.2-2 TrolleyHoistUnit . 819-0.2.2-3 MultisheaveEndlessRopeTrolleyHoistUnit 819-0.2.2-4 LuffingHoistUnit 919-1.3.12-1 StandardHandSignalsforControllingCablewayOperations . 1519-3.4.4-1 DangerZoneforCablewaysa

16、ndLiftedLoadsOperatingNearElectricalTransmissionLines . 23Table19-3.4.4-1 RequiredClearanceforNormalVoltageinOperationNearHighVoltagePowerLines 24iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,

17、-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks,Jacks,andSlings,hasbeendevelopedundertheproceduresaccreditedbytheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI)(formerlytheUnitedStatesofAmericaStandardsInstitute).ThisStandardhaditsbeginninginDecember1

18、916whenaneight-pageCodeofSafetyStandardsfor Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, waspresentedattheannualmeetingofASME.Meetingsanddiscussionsregardingsafetyoncranes,derricks,andhoistswereheldfrom1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committe

19、e, the Association of Iron andSteelElectricalEngineers,theAmericanMuseumofSafety,theAmericanEngineeringStandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute), Department of LaborState of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustryState of

20、Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune11,1925,theAmericanEngineeringStandardsCommitteeapprovedtheASMESafetyCodeCorrelatingCommitteesrecommendationandauthorizedtheprojectwiththeU.S.DepartmentoftheNavy,BureauofYardsandDocks,andASMEassponsors.In March 1926, invitations

21、 were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectionalCommittee.ThecallfororganizationofthisSectionalCommitteewassentoutOctober2,1926,andthecommitteeorganizedNovember4,1926,with57membersrepresenting29 national organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B3

22、0.2-1943,wascreatedfromtheeight-pagedocumentreferredtointhefirstparagraph.Thisdocumentwasreaffirmedin1952andwidelyacceptedasasafetystandard.Duetochangesindesign,advancementintechniques,andgeneralinterestoflaborandindustryinsafety,theSectionalCommittee,underthejointsponsorshipofASMEandtheNavalFacilit

23、iesEngineeringCommand,U.S.DepartmentoftheNavy,wasreorganizedasanAmericanNationalStandardsCommitteeonJanuary31,1962,with39membersrepresenting27nationalorganizations.Theformatofthepreviouscodewaschangedsothatseparatestandards(eachcompleteastoconstructionandinstallation;inspection,testing,andmaintenanc

24、e;andoperation)wouldcoverthedifferenttypesofequipmentincludedinthescopeofB30.In1982,theCommitteewasreorganizedasanAccreditedOrganizationCommittee,operatingunderproceduresdevelopedbyASMEandaccreditedbyANSI.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentandoth

25、erregulatorybodiesandmunicipalauthoritiesresponsiblefortheguardingandinspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregivenbothasmandatoryandadvisoryprovisions;compliancewithbothtypesmayberequiredbyemployersoftheiremployees.Incaseofpracticaldiffi

26、culties,newdevelopments,orunnecessaryhardship,theadministrativeor regulatoryauthority maygrant variancesfrom theliteral requirementsor permitthe useofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotectionistherebysecured.Tosecureuniformapplicationandinte

27、rpretationofthisStandard,administrativeorregulatoryauthoritiesareurgedtoconsulttheB30Committee,inaccordancewiththeformatdescribedinSectionIX,beforerenderingdecisionsondisputedpoints.Safetycodesandstandardsareintendedtoenhancepublicsafety.Revisionsresultfromcommit-teeconsiderationoffactorssuchastechn

28、ologicaladvances,newdata,andchangingenvironmentalandindustryneeds.Revisionsdonotimplythatpreviouseditionswereinadequate.ThisVolumeoftheStandard,whichwasapprovedbytheB30CommitteeandbyASME,wasapprovedbyANSIanddesignatedasanAmericanNationalStandardonJanuary13,2011.ivCopyright ASME International Provide

29、d by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard

30、.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairR. M. Parnell, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Thyssen Krup Steel USA, LLCW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, QinetiQ North AmericaR. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby GroupR. J. Bolen, C

31、onsultantA. D. Brown, Poms and AssociatesM. E. Brunet, The Manitowoc Co.T. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Co

32、lletti designfactor,rope;andtrolleyrevised(2)Definitionofminimumbreakingforceadded3 Section19-0.3 Referencesrevised10 19-1.1.1 Revised13 19-1.3.12 Subparagraph(e)added14 19-1.3.14 Subparagraph(a)revised16 Section19-2.1 Revised17 19-2.2.1 Subparagraph(a)revised17 19-2.2.2 Subparagraph(a)(1)revised17

33、19-2.3.1 Revised17 19-2.3.2 Revised18 19-2.4.2 Revised18 19-2.4.3 Revised23 19-3.4.8 AddedxCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(11)ASME B30.19-2011CABLEWAYSChapter 19-0Scope, Definitio

34、ns, and ReferencesSECTION 19-0.1: SCOPE OF B30.19Within thegeneral scopedefined inSection I oftheIntroduction,thescopeofB30.19appliestoallloadtrans-porting,hoisting,andloweringcable-supportedsys-tems operating on and supported from track cable(s).ThisStandarddoesnotapplytoskylinesystems,asusedin the

35、 logging industry, or slackline systems used forexcavating.SECTION 19-0.2: DEFINITIONS19-0.2.1 Types of Cablewaysfixedcableway:acablewayconsistingoffixed(nonluffing)towers(masts)thatsupportthetrackcable(s).Thelowerandupperloadblocksaresupportedbyacarriagepow-eredbyinhaulandouthaulropestotravelonthet

36、rackcable(s).Thefunctionistolift,lower,andtransportloadsadistancebetweenthetowers(seeFig.19-0.2.1-1).luffingcableway:acablewaysimilartoafixedcablewayexcept the towers (masts) are not fixed. By the use ofpoweredluffingguys,thetowers(masts)canbeleanedineitherdirectiontransversetothetrackcable(s)span,p

37、roviding a lateral movement of the load block(seeFig.19-0.2.1-2).parallelcableway:acablewaysimilartoafixedcablewayexceptthetowersaresupportedbywheelsthatarepow-ered for lateral movement on parallel tracks(seeFig.19-0.2.1-3).radialcableway:acablewaythathasafixed(nonluffing)tower and a tower supported

38、 by wheels powered fortravel on a track that follows an arc at a radius aboutthefixedtower(seeFig.19-0.2.1-4).19-0.2.2 Generalaccessory: a secondary part or assembly of parts thatcontributestotheoverallfunctionandusefulnessofthemachine.administrativeorregulatoryauthority:governmentalagency,ortheempl

39、oyerintheabsenceofgovernmentaljurisdiction.1appointed:assignedspecificresponsibilitiesbytheemployerortheemployersrepresentative.authorized:approvedbyadulyconstitutedadministra-tiveorregulatoryauthority.brake: a device, other than a motor, used for retardingorstoppingmotionbymeansoffrictionorpower.bu

40、tton line: a rope suspended between the top of thecablewaytowerstopositiontheslackcarriersatprede-termined locationsas the trolleymoves longitudinallyalongthetrackcable.Thebuttonlineisnormallyaboveand clear of the track cables. The buttons attached tothe button line are of varying sizes to permit so

41、me oftheslackcarrierstopassbywhilestoppingthecarrierdesignatedforthatlocation.cab: a housing provided for the operator in which thecablewaycontrolsarecontained.cableway:adeviceusedforhoisting,lowering,andtrans-porting loads within a prescribed path, longitudinallyandlaterally.Theloadblock(upper)trav

42、elsonaropecatenary system having span ends that are supportedon fixed or movable towers (masts) or other elevatedsupports.carriage(trolley):aframeworkthattravelsbyitssheaves(wheels)onthetrackcable(s).Itispulledalongthetrackcablebytheinhaul-outhaulropeandincludestheupperloadblock(seeFig.19-0.2.1-1).d

43、esignated:apersonselectedorassignedbytheemployerortheemployersrepresentativeasbeingcompetenttoperformspecificduties.designer(original):thequalifiedpersonorpersonsdesig-nated to design the components of a cableway for agiven set of circumstances relating to, but not limitedto, capacity, span, height,

44、 and terrain (also, seemanufacturer).designer(otherthanoriginal):thequalifiedpersonorper-sons designated to modify the design or arrangementofanexistingcablewaytoanewsetofcircumstances.designfactor,rope:theratioofminimumbreakingforcetoworkingload.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under li

45、cense with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.19-2011drift:theactofpullingorpushingthelowerloadblockorloadhorizontallybymeansofanexternalforce.drum: the cylindrical member around which a rope iswoundandthroughwhichpoweristransmittedtother

46、opes.gypsyspool(winchhead):arotatingcylindricaldrumwithcurved end flanges used for load handling by meansoffiberropecoiledaboutitsbarrelwithhandtensionappliedtothenonloadedend.head tower (mast): a vertical support structure, guyedor counterweighted for stability, whose purpose is tosupportthetrackca

47、bleandoperatingropes.Theheadtoweristhetowerlocatedclosesttotheloadhoistandinhaul-outhaulhoist.inhaul-outhaul(rope):theropesystemthatpullsthetrol-ley and load toward the head tower (inhaul), or pullsthetrolleyandloadawayfromtheheadtower(outhaul).inhaul-outhaulhoist(trolleyhoist):ahoisthavingtwodrums,

48、 one of which winds on rope while the otherdrumsimultaneously unwindsrope; ora singledrumhoistfromwhichtheropewindsononeendwhiletherope unwinds from the other drum end (seeFigs. 19-0.2.2-1, 19-0.2.2-2, and 19-0.2.2-3). The hoist ispoweredbyaprimemover.lazyguy:fixedlengthmember(s)ofropethatpreventslu

49、ffing the tower(s) (mast) beyond the distance estab-lishedbytheluffinghoist(asafetydevice).load,maximumdesign:theforcesinaparticularcompo-nentofthecablewayresultingfromtheloadingcondi-tionthatcausesthehigheststressinthatcomponent.load,working:theexternalloadappliedtothecablewaylowerloadblock,includingtheweightofload-attachingequipmentsuchasshackles,sling