ANSI ASME B30.22-2010 Articulating Boom Cranes《活节悬臂起重机》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDArticulating Boom CranesASME B30.22-2010(Revision of ASME B30.22-2005)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitt

2、ed without license from IHS-,-,-INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.22-2010(Revision of ASME B30.22-2005)ArticulatingBoom CranesSafety Standard for Cab

3、leways,Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks,and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USACopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: Novem

4、ber 22, 2010The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2015. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance. There will be no addenda issued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisSt

5、andard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard w

6、as developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or stand

7、ard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take a

8、ny position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a co

9、de or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovern

10、ment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be repr

11、oduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2010 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S

12、.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viIntroduction . viiiSummary of Changes xiChapter 22-0 Scope, Definitions, and References 1Section 22-0.1 Sc

13、ope of B30.22 . 1Section 22-0.2 Definitions 1Section 22-0.3 Legend for Figs. 22-0.3-1 Through 22-0.3-4 . 8Section 22-0.4 Nomenclature for Articulating Cranes . 13Section 22-0.5 References 14Chapter 22-1 Construction and Characteristics 15Section 22-1.1 Load Ratings . 15Section 22-1.2 Boom Lift, Boom

14、 Telescoping, and Load Hoist Mechanisms 17Section 22-1.3 Swing Mechanism 18Section 22-1.4 Crane Transport . 18Section 22-1.5 Rope and Reeving Accessories 18Section 22-1.6 Controls 19Section 22-1.7 Installation . 20Section 22-1.8 Construction 20Section 22-1.9 Operating Manual 21Chapter 22-2 Inspectio

15、n, Testing, and Maintenance 22Section 22-2.1 Inspection 22Section 22-2.2 Testing . 23Section 22-2.3 Maintenance 24Section 22-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . 24Chapter 22-3 Operation 27Section 22-3.1 Qualifications and Responsibilities . 27Section 22-3.2 Operating Practices . 31Se

16、ction 22-3.3 Miscellaneous . 33Figures22-0.2.1-1 Commercial Truck-Mounted With Ground Control . 222-0.2.1-2 Commercial Truck-Mounted With Top Seat Control 322-0.2.1-3 Commercial Truck-Rear-Mounted With Remote Control 422-0.2.1-4 Stationary Installation . 422-0.2.1-5 Rail Car Installation . 422-0.2.1

17、-6 Trailer-Mounted . 522-0.2.1-7 Traveling Rail Base-Mounted on Trailer 522-0.2.1-8 Off-Road Vehicle 522-0.2.1-9 Wheel-Mounted Off-Road Dual Control Station 522-0.2.1-10 Wheel-Mounted Off-Road Single Control Station . 622-0.2.1-11 Crawler-Mounted Off-Road Single Control Station . 622-0.3-1 Definitio

18、ns of Specifications for Articulating Cranes 922-0.3-2 Hook Approach . 1222-0.3-3 Elevation Below Horizontal . 1222-0.3-4 Elevation Above Horizontal . 1222-0.4-1 Nomenclature for Articulating Cranes . 1322-1.1.3-1 Work Areas . 16iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME

19、 Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-22-1.5.3-1 Dead Ending Rope in a Socket 1922-2.4.2-1 Core Failure in 19 H11547 7 Rotation-Resistant Rope 2522-3.1.3.1.2-1 Standard Hand Signals 3022-3.3.2.1-1 Danger Zone for Cranes and Lifted Loads Operating Near El

20、ectricalTransmission Lines . 34Table22-3.3.2.2-1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation Near High VoltagePower Lines and Operation in Transit With No Load and Boom orMast Lowered 37ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or net

21、working permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of Amer

22、ica Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes,

23、derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently t

24、o the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recomme

25、ndation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent outOct

26、ober 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing29 national organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943,was created from the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document wasreaffirmed in 1952 and wid

27、ely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an Ame

28、rican NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 nationalorganizations.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover thedi

29、fferent types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that ma

30、y serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types ma

31、y be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident tha

32、t an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section IX, before rendering decisions on disputed poin

33、ts.This Volume of the Standard contains revisions to all chapters. The most notable changesinclude the addition of responsibilities, hand signals, and more comprehensive information onoperation near electric power lines.This Volume was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, and was approved by A

34、NSIand designated as an American National Standard on September 20, 2010.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do no

35、t imply that previous editions were inadequate.vCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(T

36、he following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairR. M. Parnell, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Thyssen Krupp Steel USA, LLCW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, QinetiQ North AmericaR.

37、 E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby GroupR. J. Bolen, Consultant, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown, Poms and AssociatesM. E. Brunet, The Manitowoc Co.T. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson

38、, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti minimum breaking force; operational aid;overload protection system; rated capacityindicator; and rated capacity (load)limiter added(2) Definition of controls and two-blockdamage-prevention featu

39、re revised(3) Definition of normal operatingconditions deleted14 Section 22-0.5 Revised15 22-1.1.1 Revised22-1.1.3 Revised18, 19 22-1.2.3 (1) Subparagraph (c) revised(2) Subparagraph (d) deletedSection 22-1.5 Heading revised22-1.5.1 Revised in its entirety22-1.5.2 Subparagraphs (a) and (e) revised22

40、-1.5.3 Revised in its entirety22-1.5.6 Revised22-1.6.1 Revised20 22-1.6.3 Added22-1.7.1 Subparagraph (d) revised22-1.8.2 Added and subsequent paragraphsredesignatedxiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without lic

41、ense from IHS-,-,-Page Location Change22-1.8.5 (1) Subparagraph (a) revised(2) Subparagraph (d) added21 22-1.8.7 (1) Existing paragraph designated assubpara. (a)(2) Subparagraphs (b) through (d) added2224 Section 22-2.1 Revised in its entirety22-2.2.1 Subparagraph (a)(6) revised22-2.2.2 RevisedSecti

42、on 22-2.3 Revised in its entiretySection 22-2.4 Revised in its entirety2736 Chapter 22-3 Revised in its entiretyxiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(10)(10)ASME B30.22-2010ARTICULAT

43、ING BOOM CRANESChapter 22-0Scope, Definitions, and ReferencesSECTION 22-0.1: SCOPE OF B30.22The scope includes only cranes of the types describedin para. 22-0.2.1 that are articulated by hydraulic cylin-ders and powered by internal combustion engines orelectric motors and that are mounted on a mobil

44、e chassisor stationary installation. Articulating cranes equippedwith a load hoist mechanism to broaden their versatilityare covered by this Volume.Some basic machine types within this scope are con-vertible for excavating work and other uses not consid-ered to be lifting service. The requirements o

45、f thisVolume are applicable only to such machines when usedas lifting cranes.Exemptions from this Volume include(a) all units with a maximum rated capacity of 2,000 lb(907 kg) or less(b) all units with booms constructed ofnonconductive-type materials(c) all units equipped with or designed primarily

46、forpersonnel baskets, platforms, ladders, etc.(d) all units when equipped with nonliftingattachments(e) all units while used in forestry and loggingapplications(f) telescoping boom cranes that do not articulate(covered under ASME B30.5)(g) scrap and material handlers as defined inASME B30.25SECTION

47、22-0.2: DEFINITIONS22-0.2.1 Types of Articulating Boom Cranescommercialtruck-mounted: a crane, consisting of a rotatingmast, mainframe or base, boom, and one or more opera-tors stations, such as ground controls (Fig. 22-0.2.1-1),top seat controls (Fig. 22-0.2.1-2), or remote controls(Fig. 22-0.2.1-3

48、), mounted on a frame attached to a com-mercial truck chassis, with or without a payload capabil-ity, whose power source may power the crane. Thefunction is to lift, lower, and swing loads at various radii.1stationary: a crane, consisting of a rotating mast, main-frame or base, and boom, mounted on

49、a stationary struc-ture. The function is to lift, lower, and swing loads atvarious radii from a fixed center of rotation. SeeFig. 22-0.2.1-4.trailer-orrailcar-mounted: a crane, consisting of a rotatingmast, mainframe or base, and boom, mounted on atrailer or rail car. The function is to lift, lower, and swingloads at vario