1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDMethods for Performance Evaluation of Articulated Arm Coordinate Measuring MachinesASME B89.4.22-2004Intentionally left blank ASME B89.4.22-2004Methods for PerformanceEvaluation of Articulated ArmCoordinate Measuring MachinesThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016AN AMERICA
2、N NATIONAL STANDARDDate of Issuance: August 12, 2005This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will beno addenda issued to this edition.ASME will issue written replies to inquiries concerning interpretation of technical aspects of this Standard.ASME
3、is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Stan-dards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fro
4、m com-petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made avail-able for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not app
5、rove, rate, or endorse any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any itemsmentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liabi
6、lity for infringe-ment of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advisedthat determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely theirown responsibility.Participation by fed
7、eral agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as gov-ernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and polici
8、es, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 1
9、0016-5990Copyright 2005 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ivCommittee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vCorrespondence With the B89 Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12、. 13 Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Environmental Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Machine Performance . . . . . . . . . . . .
13、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Figures1 AACMM Classification Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Environmental Specification Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Performance Specification Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Typical Machine of the 2
15、-1-2 Configuration, With a-b-d-e-f deg Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Typical Machine of the 2-2-2 Configuration, With a-b-c-d-e-f deg Rotation . . . . . . . . . . 56 Typical Machine of the 2-1-3 Configuration, With a-b-d-e-f-g deg Rotation . . . . . . . . . . 57 Typical Machine of the 2-2-3 Conf
16、iguration, With a-b-c-d-e-f-g deg Rotation . . . . . . . . 58 AACMM Mounted Vertically for Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 AACMM Mounted Horizontally for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710 Mounting Stiffness
17、 Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 911 Three Default Locations of the Mounted Seat During the Single-Point Articulation Performance Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1112 Isometric
18、 View of Default Articulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1113 Default Five-Point Probe Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1214 Octant Numbering Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1415 Recommended Ball Bar Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1516 Volumetric Performance Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Tables1Diameter
20、 Deviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Single-Point Articulation Performance Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Recommended Artifact Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Volumetric Performance Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Nonmandatory AppendicesA Users Guide to ASME B89.4.22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . 19B Thermal Environment Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20C Seismic Vibration Verification Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21DElectrical Power Monitoring Tests . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25EInterim Testing of AACMM Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26F Ball Bar Design and Mounting Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29G Kinematic
24、, Conical Seat, and Chamfered Hole Design Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . 36H Determination of Thermal Error Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39I Statistics Used in Specifying AACMM Performance Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42J Appl
25、ication of Decision Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44iiiFOREWORDThe ambiguity of articulated arm coordinate measuring machines (AACMM) specificationsmakes comparative evaluations of performance characteristics very difficult. Because of
26、this andthe increasing use of this class of measurement equipment, the ASME Standards Committee B89elected to establish a USA industry standard applicable to these machines. At the October 1994meeting, Project Team B89.4.22 was established to develop the Standard.As far as possible, this Standard pa
27、rallels ASME B89.4.1b-2001 for “conventional” coordinatemeasuring machines. An attempt has also been made to make the Standard compatible with ex-isting and emerging international standards.This Standard addresses the performance evaluation of AACMM by supplying definitions andtest procedures. These
28、 procedures should enable users to determine if an AACMM is appropri-ate for their specific requirements. It should also provide accurate comparison of machines fromdifferent suppliers and provide a determination of whether an AACMM meets contractual re-quirements without negotiations after the mach
29、ine has been purchased.The intent of this Standard is to specify the simplest methods that can be used for reasonableperformance evaluation. It is recognized that a more complex evaluation may be appropriate forspecial applications. These methods, however, must be specified in adequate detail in the
30、AACMM specification.This Standard was approved by the American National Standards Institute on August 9, 2004.ivASME B89 STANDARDS COMMITTEEDimensional Metrology(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)OFFICERSB. Parry, ChairD. Beutel, Vice ChairM. Lo,
31、SecretaryCOMMITTEE PERSONNELD. Beutel, Caterpillar, Inc.J. B. Bryan, Bryan AssociatesT. Carpenter, USAF, Newark AF BaseT. Charlton, Jr., Charlton Associ8sD. Christy, Mahr FederalG. Hetland, International Institute of Geometric Dimensioning and TolerancingR. J. Hocken, University of North CarolinaM.
32、Leibers, Professional Instruments Co.M. Lo, The American Society of Mechanical EngineersB. Parry, The Boeing Co.S. D. Phillips, National Institute of Standards and TechnologyJ. Salsbury, Mitutoyo America Inc.D. Swyt, National Institute of Standards and TechnologyB. R. Taylor, Renishaw PLCSUBCOMMITTE
33、E 4 COORDINATE MEASURING TECHNOLOGYS. D. Phillips, Chair, National Institute of Standards and TechnologyD. Beutel, Caterpillar, Inc.T. Carpenter, U.S. Air Force, Newark AF BaseT. Charlton, Jr., Charlton Associ8sT. D. Doiron, National Institute of Standards and TechnologyJ. L. Henry, Sheffield Measur
34、ementR. B. Hook, MetconB. Parry, The Boeing Co.R. C. Veale, National Institute of Standards and TechnologyD. Wright, Renishaw PLCPERSONNEL OF WORKING GROUP B89.4.22 ARTICULATED ARM COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINESB. Parry, Chair, The Boeing Co.G. Caskey, University of North Carolina at CharlotteS. Ilmr
35、ud, Romer CimCore Inc.S. Raab, FARO TechnologiesD. Wright, Renishaw PLCSPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENTWhile not a member of the Project Team when the document was approved, we would like to acknowledge the work performed andsignificant contributions made by Michael OLaughlin, while an employee of Romer Inc.
36、 Mike was the Secretary since the inception ofthe Project Team and, thanks to his diligent minutes, kept the remainder of us on track.vCORRESPONDENCE WITH THE B89 COMMITTEEGeneral. ASME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the con-sensus of concerned interests. As such
37、, users of this Standard may interact with the Committeeby requesting interpretations, proposing revisions, and attending Committee meetings. Corre-spondence should be addressed to:Secretary, B89 Standards CommitteeThe American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park AvenueNew York, NY 10016-5990P
38、roposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changesthat appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the applica-tion of the Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically.The Committee welcomes proposals for revisio
39、ns to this Standard. Such proposals should beas specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detailed de-scription of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.Interpretations. Upon request, the B89 Committee will render an interpretatio
40、n of any re-quirement of the Standard. Interpretations can only be rendered in response to a written requestsent to the Secretary of the B89 Standards Committee.The request for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. It is further recommendedthat the inquirer submit his/her request in the fo
41、llowing format:Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and provide a concise description.Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the Standard for which the interpretation is be-ing requested.Question: Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation of a specific require-ment suitable
42、 for general understanding and use, not as a request for an ap-proval of a proprietary design or situation.Requests that are not in this format may be rewritten in the appropriate format by the Commit-tee prior to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME
43、 procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additional in-formation that might affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by an in-terpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. ASME does not “ap-prove,” “certify,” “rate,”
44、 or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The B89 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings thatare open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary of theB89 Standards Committee.viMETHODS FOR PERFORMA
45、NCE EVALUATION OF ARTICULATED ARM COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINESINTRODUCTIONThe primary purpose of this Standard is to clarify theperformance evaluation of articulated arm coordinatemeasuring machines (AACMMs). A secondary purposeis to facilitate performance comparisons between ma-chines. Definitions
46、, environmental requirements, andtest methods are specified. This Standard defines the testmethods capable of yielding adequate results for the ma-jority of articulated arm coordinate measuring machinesand is not intended to replace more complete tests thatmay be required for special applications.1
47、SCOPEThe scope of this Standard pertains to the perform-ance evaluation of articulated arm coordinate measur-ing machines. While any number of rotational joints canbe evaluated, the Standard focuses on the more com-mon configurations commercially available today andis limited to seven joints. The St
48、andard addresses purelymanual machines, so no motorized axes are addressedin the current document. While the application of thisclass of measuring machine continues to grow, at thispoint in time only contact probes are considered and op-tical noncontact probes are specifically excluded.This Standard
49、 establishes requirements and methodsfor specifying and testing the performance of AACMMs.In addition to clarifying the performance evaluation ofAACMMs, this Standard seeks to facilitate performancecomparisons among machines by unifying terminology,general machine classification, the treatment of envi-ronmental effects, and data analysis. This Standard at-tempts to define the simplest testing methods capableof yielding adequate results for most AACMMs and itis not intended to replace more complete tests that maybe suitable for special applications.This Standard provides definitions o
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