ANSI ASME Y14.38-2007 Abbreviations and Acronyms for Use on Drawings and Related Documents《图样和正文中使用的缩略语》.pdf

1、Abbreviations and Acronyms for Use on Drawings and Related Documents Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation PracticesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME Y14.38-2007Revision of ASME Y14.38-1999 (R2006)ASME Y14.38ADOPTION NOTICEASME Y14.38, Abbreviations and Acronyms, was adopted on 8 November 19

2、99 for use by theDepartment of Defense (DoD). Proposed changes by DoD activities must be submitted to theDoD Adopting Activity: Commander, U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Center(ARDEC), ATTN: AMSRD-AAR-QES-E, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000. Copies of this docu-ment may be purchased

3、 from The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), 22 LawDrive, P.O. Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900, http:/www.asme.org.Custodians: Adopting Activity:Army AR Army ARNavy SAAir Force 16 (Project DRPR-0358)Review Activities:Army CR, IE, MI, PT, TM2Navy AS, CG, CH, EC, MC, NP, TDAir Force 1

4、3, 99DLADHOSDNENSANSOther CM, MP, DC2NOTE: The activities listed above were interested in this docu-ment as of the date of this document. Since organizations andresponsibilities can change, you should verify the currency ofthe information above using the ASSIST Online databaseat http:/assist.daps.dl

5、a.mil.AMSC N/A AREA DRPRDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.ASME Y14.38-2007Revision of ASME Y14.38-1999 (R2006)Abbreviations andAcronyms for Use onDrawings and RelatedDocumentsEngineering Drawing and Related Documentation PracticesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL ST

6、ANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Date of Issuance: April 25, 2008This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There willbe no addenda or written interpretations of the requirements of this Standard issued to this edition.ASME is the registered trade

7、mark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned

8、interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse”

9、any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of

10、 any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representati

11、ve(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the is

12、suance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2008 by

13、THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vCorrespondence With the Y14 Committee vi1 Scope and Purpose 12 Where and How Abbreviations Should Be Used . 13 Basic Principles. 14 Appendices . 25 Words and Terms and Their Abbrevi

14、ations 26 Cross-Reference List of Abbreviations and TheirWords and Terms . 2Nonmandatory AppendicesA Table of Elements and Their Symbols . 127B Partial List of Engineering Societies and Industrial Associations . 128iiiFOREWORDSubcommittee 38, Abbreviations, was formed in May 1995, and is a Subcommit

15、tee of the ASMEStandards Committee Y14, Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices. TheSubcommitteeischargedwiththeresponsibilityofcompilingandmaintainingalistingofabbrevi-ations and acronyms for use on engineering drawings and related documents.ASMEY1.1wasrevisedandredesignatedasASMEY1

16、4.38.ThisStandardisbasedonASMEY1.1and MIL-STD-12.This revision of ASME Y14.38 incorporates the ASME Y14.38a-2002 addenda and commentsreceived since the release of the ASME Y14.38-1999 revision. No abbreviations or acronyms wereeliminated; however, one abbreviation was changed: SME was “standard mili

17、tary drawing,” andit has changed to “standard microcircuit drawing.”The successful completion of this Standard is attributed to the subcommittee members, contrib-uting guests, and the departments and agencies of the U.S. Government.Suggestions for the improvement of this Standard are welcome. They s

18、hould be sent to TheAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers; Attn.: Secretary, Y14 Main Committee, Three ParkAvenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.This revision was approved as an American National Standard on September 12, 2007.ivASME Y14 STANDARDS COMMITTEEEngineering Drawing and RelatedDocumentation P

19、ractices(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSF. Bakos, Jr., ChairK. E. Wiegandt, Vice ChairC. J. Gomez, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELA. R. Anderson, Dimensional Control System, Inc.F. Bakos, Jr., ConsultantJ. V.

20、Burleigh, ConsultantD. E. Day, TEC-EASE, Inc.K. Dobert, UGS PLM SolutionsC. W. Ferguson, WM Education ServicesC. J. Gomez, The American Society of Mechanical EngineersB. A. Harding, Purdue UniversityD. H. Honsinger, ConsultantSUBCOMMITTEE 38 ABBREVIATIONSK. S. King, Chair, Naval Surface Warfare Cent

21、er, Dahlgren DivisionD. V. Alvarez, Boeing Defense and Space GroupJ. V. Burleigh, ConsultantL. G. Davis, Modern Technologies Corp.vW. A. Kaba, Spirit AerosystemsK. S. King, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren DivisionA. Krulikowski, Effective Training, Inc.P. J. McCuistion, Ohio UniversityJ. D. M

22、eadows, James D. Meadows and Associates, Inc.J. M. Smith, Caterpillar, Inc.N. H. Smith, Spirit AerosystemsK. E. Wiegandt, Sandia National LaboratoriesR. G. Wilhelm, University of North CarolinaB. A. Wilson, The Boeing Co.P. L. Keeney, Textron Automotive Co.G. M. Nelson, Boeing North American, Inc.N.

23、 Stern, U.S. Department of the Army, ARDECCORRESPONDENCE WITH THE Y14 COMMITTEEGeneral. ASME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent theconsensus ofconcerned interests. Assuch, users ofthis Standard mayinteract with theCommitteeby requesting interpretations, proposing rev

24、isions, and attending Committee meetings. Corre-spondence should be addressed to:Secretary, Y14 Standards CommitteeThe American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park AvenueNew York, NY 10016-5990Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changesthatappear

25、necessaryor desirable,asdemonstratedbytheexperience gainedfromtheapplicationof the Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically.The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should beas specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the propose

26、d wording, and a detaileddescription of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.Attending Committee Meetings. The Y14 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings ortelephone conferences, which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting ortelephone conf

27、erence should contact the Secretary of the Y14 Standards Committee or check theWeb site at http:/www.asme.org/codes/.viASME Y14.38-2007ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS FOR USE ON DRAWINGSAND RELATED DOCUMENTS1 SCOPE AND PURPOSE1.1 ScopeThe abbreviations and acronyms, hereinafter referredto as “abbreviatio

28、ns,” listed in this Standard are usedon engineering drawings and related documentation.1.2 PurposeThe intent of this Standard is to allow the use ofapproved abbreviations in lieu of the use of completewords or terminology. Abbreviations defined by thisStandard need not be additionally defined by the

29、 usingdrawing or related document. It is not the intent of thisStandardtoincludeabbreviationsdefinedorestablishedin other standards such as those for scientific termsand notations. However, an exception is made for thoseabbreviationsthathavewidespreaduseandrecognition,for example, AM for amplitude m

30、odulation, and FM forfrequency modulation (radio).1.3 Abbreviations and Letter SymbolsSince abbreviations are conventional representationsof words or names in a particular language, they maybe different in different languages. A symbol, on theother hand, represents a quantity or a unit (not its name

31、)and is therefore independent of language. Because ofthis, the use of letter symbols is preferred over abbrevia-tions for unit or quantity terms. While letter symbolsmay be used wherever abbreviations were formerlyused, abbreviations are never to be used whenever amathematical operation sign is invo

32、lved, such as theequality sign (p) or the division sign (/).1.4 Abbreviation Lists FormatAbbreviations shown in the “Drawings” column pro-vide the form for use on drawings and documents pro-duced with upper case characters. Abbreviations in the“Text” column provide the form for documents pro-duced w

33、ith lower case characters. Where upper caseabbreviations are shown in the “Text” column, they areacontinuationof priorusageandare generallyformajorsystems or are recognized as having significant applica-tionswhenusedintext.Bracketedmodifiersmayappearwith certain terms indicating alternate technology

34、-specific applications for that term.12 WHERE AND HOW ABBREVIATIONS SHOULD BEUSED2.1 Where to Use AbbreviationsAbbreviations are to be used only where necessary tosave time and space. Even though this Standard estab-lishesabbreviationsformanyterms,extremecareshouldbe exercised in their use. Since th

35、ey may have to beinterpretedbypeopleofvaryingbackgrounds,abbrevia-tions should be used only where their meaning isunquestionablycleartotheintendedreader.Wherethereis doubt that the reader will understand the meaning,spell out the word or complete phrase where first used,followed by the abbreviationo

36、r acronym in parentheses.When in doubt, spell it out.2.2 Duplicate AbbreviationsThe same abbreviation is included in this Standardfor several different terms due to established practice.Careshouldbeexercisedto assurethatthepropermean-ing will be interpreted when using such abbreviations.3 BASIC PRIN

37、CIPLES3.1 Abbreviations for AcronymsSections 5 and 6 include some acronyms for com-pound terms as well as abbreviations for the acronyms.Some examples are: “radar” for “radio detection andranging” and “rdr” for “radar”; “selsyn” for “self-syn-chronous” and “sels” for “selsyn.”3.2 PunctuationAn abbre

38、viation spelling a whole word shouldinclude a period if the abbreviation could bemisinterpreted.3.3 SpacingSpaces shall not be inserted within an abbreviation.3.4 CapitalizationAbbreviations included in the “Drawings” column ofsection 5, provide the form for use on drawings anddocuments produced in

39、upper case characters. Theabbreviations in the “Text” column provide the formrequired for lower case characters. However, theseabbreviations may be capitalized when required forASME Y14.38-2007emphasis. Abbreviations that are capitalized in the“Text” column are a continuation of prior usage andin ge

40、neral are abbreviations for major systems or arerecognized as having significant application when usedin text. Abbreviations are not listed in the column formanyshortwords.Ifspacelimitationsmakeitnecessaryto abbreviate such terms, the abbreviation that appearsin the “Drawings” column shall be used e

41、xcept for sub-stitution of lower case letters.3.5 Syntactical EndingsUnless otherwise indicated, the same abbreviationsshall be used for all tenses, participle endings, the pos-sessive case, the singular and plural, and the noun andmodifying forms of a term. Some examples are: “bm”for beam and beams

42、; “calc” for calculate, calculated,calculating, and calculation.3.6 Word CombinationsAn abbreviation of a word combination shall not beseparated for use individually; e.g., the abbreviation forstainless steel “sst” is not to be split to use “s” for stain-less and “stl” for steel. Individual abbrevia

43、tions may becombined when necessary if there is no abbreviationlistedforthecombination;e.g.,theabbreviationforaver-age “avg” and temperature “temp” can be combined as“avg temp” for average temperature.3.7 Combining FormsWhere two abbreviations are listed for the same wordsuch as “cath” for “cathode”

44、 and “c” for “cathode,” asin“cathoderaytube,(combform),”thefirstabbreviationapplies to the word used alone. The abbreviation indi-cated “(comb form)” applies in combination with abbre-viations of other words to form an abbreviation for aword combination such as CRT for Cathode Ray Tube.3.8 ColorsTwo

45、 abbreviations are listed in sections 5 and 6 forcolor name. The three-letter abbreviation is preferredfornotesondrawingsandintext.Theotherabbreviationis used where a shorter designation for colors is needed.23.9 New AbbreviationsThe development of a new abbreviation will be con-sidered for inclusio

46、n in this Standard based on the fol-lowing minimum criteria:(a) A genuine need for the abbreviation has beendemonstrated.(b) The abbreviation does not contain subscripts andsuperscripts.(c) The term to be abbreviated should be five or moreletters.(d) The abbreviation does not duplicate abbreviations

47、defined or established in other standards.(e) The abbreviation meets the intent of the scope ofthis Standard.(f) The term to be abbreviated would have wide-spread application.4 APPENDICES4.1 Chemical ElementsThe International Union of Pure and AppliedChemistrys elements and their symbols appear inAp

48、pendix A. The symbols listed are not abbreviations,and are preferred to the abbreviations listed in sections5 and 6 for scientific and technical work. However, theseabbreviations may continue to be used in fields wheretheir use has been established by long standing practice.4.2 Engineering Societies

49、A partial listing of Engineering Societies andIndustrial Associations and their abbreviations appearin Appendix B.5 WORDS AND TERMS AND THEIRABBREVIATIONSSee list beginning on page 3.6 CROSS-REFERENCE LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSAND THEIR WORDS AND TERMSSee list beginning on page 65.ASME Y14.38-2007WORDS AND TERMS AND THEIR ABBREVIATIONS1,2Term Drawings TextAa programming language APL APLabandon ship ABDNSHP abdnshpabbreviate ABBR abbrabnormal ABNL abnlabout ABT abtabove ABV abvabove baseline ABL ablabove water AW awabrasion ABRS abrsabrasion resistant AR arabrasive A