ANSI ASTM D4054-2016 Standard Practice for Qualification and Approval of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives.pdf

1、Designation: D4054 16 An American National StandardStandard Practice forQualification and Approval of New Aviation Turbine Fuelsand Fuel Additives1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4054; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in

2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers and provides a framework for thequalification and approval of

3、 new fuels and new fuel additivesfor use in commercial and military aviation gas turbineengines. The practice was developed as a guide by the aviationgas-turbine engine Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs)with ASTM International member support. The OEMs aresolely responsible for approval of a fue

4、l or additive in theirrespective engines and airframes. For the purpose of this guide,“approval” means “permission to use;” it is not an endorsementof any kind. Standards organizations such as ASTM Interna-tional (Subcommittee D02.J0), United Kingdom Ministry ofDefence, and the U.S. Military list on

5、ly those fuels andadditives that are mutually acceptable to all OEMs. ASTMInternational and OEM participation in the evaluation orapproval procedure does not constitute an endorsement of thefuel or additive.1.2 The OEMs will consider a new fuel or additive based onan established need or benefit attr

6、ibuted to its use. Upon OEMand regulatory authority approval, the fuel or fuel additive maybe listed in fuel specifications such as Pratt General Electric Aviation (GE)Specification No. D50TF2; and Rolls Royce (RR) enginemanuals. Subsequent to OEM approval and industry (ASTM)review and ballot, the f

7、uel or fuel additive may be listed in fuelspecifications such as Specification D1655, Defence Standard91-91, United States Air Force MIL-DTL-83133, and theUnited States Navy MIL-DTL-5624. This qualification andapproval process has been coordinated with airworthiness andcertification groups within ea

8、ch company, the Federal AviationAdministration (FAA), and the European Aviation SafetyAgency (EASA).1.3 Units of measure throughout this practice are stated inInternational System of Units (SI) unless the test methodspecifies non-SI units.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafet

9、y concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A240/A240M Specification for Chro

10、mium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for PressureVessels and for General ApplicationsB36/B36M Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, AndRolled BarB93/B93M Specification for Magnesium Alloys in IngotForm for Sand Castings, Permanent Mold Castings, andDie CastingsD56

11、Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products andLiquid Fuels at Atmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD395 Test Meth

12、ods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD790 Test Methods fo

13、r Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-cal Insulating Liquids1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on

14、 PetroleumProducts, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties.Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published August 2016. Originallyapproved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D4054 14.DOI:10.152

15、0/D4054-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end o

16、f this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon T

17、ypes in Liquid Petro-leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD1331 Test Methods for Surface and Interfacial Tension ofSolutions of Paints, Solvents, Solutions of Surface-ActiveAgents, and Related MaterialsD1405 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus-tion of Aviation FuelsD1414 Tes

18、t Methods for Rubber O-RingsD1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine FuelsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessD2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation FuelsD2425 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Dis-tillates by Mass SpectrometryD2624 Test Methods for Electrical

19、 Conductivity of Aviationand Distillate FuelsD2717 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of LiquidsD2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-troleum Fractions by Gas ChromatographyD3114 Method of Test for D-C Electrical Conductivity ofHydrocarbon Fuels (Withdrawn 1985)3D3241 Test Method

20、for Thermal Oxidation Stability ofAviation Turbine FuelsD3242 Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine FuelD3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus-tion of Aviation FuelsD3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestD3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil TestD3701 Tes

21、t Method for Hydrogen Content of AviationTurbine Fuels by Low Resolution Nuclear MagneticResonance SpectrometryD3703 Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number of AviationTurbine Fuels, Gasoline and Diesel FuelsD3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale ClosedCup TesterD3948 Test Method for Determi

22、ning Water Separation Char-acteristics ofAviation Turbine Fuels by Portable Separom-eterD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4066 Classification System for Nylon Injection and Extru-sion Materials (PA)D4529 Test Method for Estimation of

23、Net Heat of Combus-tion of Aviation FuelsD4629 Test Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid PetroleumHydrocarbons by Syringe/Inlet Oxidative Combustion andChemiluminescence DetectionD4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of LiquidHydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (PrecisionMethod)D5001 Test Method

24、 for Measurement of Lubricity of Avia-tion Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder LubricityEvaluator (BOCLE)D5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Determination ofCarbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Productsand LubricantsD5304 Test Method for Assessing Middle Distillate FuelStorage Stability by

25、Oxygen OverpressureD5363 Specification for Anaerobic Single-Component Ad-hesives (AN)D5972 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels(Automatic Phase Transition Method)D6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petro-leum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Cou-lometric Karl Fisc

26、her TitrationD6378 Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure(VPX) of Petroleum Products, Hydrocarbons, andHydrocarbon-Oxygenate Mixtures (Triple ExpansionMethod)D6379 Test Method for Determination of Aromatic Hydro-carbon Types in Aviation Fuels and PetroleumDistillatesHigh Performance Liquid

27、ChromatographyMethod with Refractive Index DetectionD6732 Test Method for Determination of Copper in JetFuels by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrom-etryD6793 Test Method for Determination of Isothermal Secantand Tangent Bulk ModulusD7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density ofLiqui

28、ds by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation ofKinematic Viscosity)D7111 Test Method for Determination of Trace Elements inMiddle Distillate Fuels by Inductively Coupled PlasmaAtomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D7171 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of Middle Dis-tillate Petroleum Products by

29、Low-Resolution PulsedNuclear Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyD7566 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel ContainingSynthesized HydrocarbonsE411 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Carbonyl Com-pounds with 2,4-DinitrophenylhydrazineE659 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Chemi-calsE681 Test

30、 Method for Concentration Limits of Flammabilityof Chemicals (Vapors and Gases)E1269 Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacityby Differential Scanning Calorimetry2.2 Federal Specifications:4FED-STD-791 Testing Method of Lubricants, Liquid Fuels,and Related Products2.3 Department of Defense

31、Specifications:4DOD-L-85645 Lubricant, Dry Film, Molecular BondedMIL-A-8625 Anodic Coatings forAluminum andAluminumAlloysMIL-C-83019 Coating, Polyurethane, for Protection of Inte-gral Fuel Tank Sealing Compound3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Copie

32、s of these documents are available online at http:/quicksearch.dla.mil/ orhttp:/assist.dla.mil.D4054 162MIL-DTL-5541 Chemical Conversion Coatings on Alumi-num and Aluminum AlloysMIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grades JP-4 andJP-5MIL-DTL-24441 Paint, Epoxy-Polyamide, General Specifi-cation forMI

33、L-PRF-25017 Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver,Fuel Soluble (NATO S-1747)MIL-DTL-25988 Rubber, Fluorosilicone Elastomer, Oil-and Fuel-Resistant, Sheets, Strips, Molded Parts, andExtruded ShapesMIL-DTL-26521 Hose Assembly, Nonmetallic, Fuel,Collapsible, Low Temperature with Non-Reusable Cou-plin

34、gsMIL-DTL-83054 Baffle and Inerting Material, Aircraft FuelTankMIL-DTL-83133 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Kerosene Type,JP-8 (NATO F-34), NATO F-35, and JP-8+100 (NATOF-37)MIL-H-4495 Hose Assembly, Rubber, Aerial RefuelingMIL-DTL-17902 Hose, End Fittings and Hose Assemblies,Synthetic Rubber, Aircraft Fue

35、lsMIL-HDBK-510 Aerospace Fuels CertificationMIL-P-25732 Packing, Preformed, Petroleum HydraulicFluid Resistant, Limited Service at 275 F (135 C)MIL-PRF-370 Hose and Hose Assemblies, Nonmetallic:Elastomeric, Liquid FuelMIL-PRF-6855 Rubber, Synthetic, Sheets, Strips, Molded orExtruded Shapes, General

36、Specification forMIL-PRF-8516 Sealing Compound, Synthetic Rubber, Elec-tric Connectors and Electric Systems, Chemically CuredMIL-PRF-46010 Lubricant, Solid Film, Heat Cured, Corro-sion Inhibiting, NATO Code S-1738MIL-PRF-81298 Dye, Liquid for the Detection of Leaks inAircraft Fuel SystemsMIL-PRF-817

37、33 Sealing and Coating Compound, CorrosionInhibitiveMIL-PRF-87260 Foam Material, Explosion Suppression,Inherently Electrostatically Conductive, for Aircraft FuelTanksMIL-S-85334 Sealing Compound, Noncuring, LowConsistency, Silicone, Groove Injection, for Integral FuelTanksMIL-DTL-5578 Tanks, Fuel, A

38、ircraft, Self-SealingMMM-A-132 Adhesives, Heat Resistant, AirframeStructural, Metal to MetalQPL-25017 Qualified Products List for MIL-PRF-25017(Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver, Fuel Soluble)(NATO S-1747)2.4 SAE International:5SAE-AMS-2410 Plating, Silver Nickel Strike, High BakeSAE-AMS-2427

39、Aluminum Coating, Ion Vapor DepositionSAE-AMS-3215 Acrylonitrile Butadiene (NBR) RubberAromatic Fuel Resistant 6575SAE-AMS-3265 Sealing Compound, Polysulfide (T)Rubber, Fuel Resistant, Non-Chromated Corrosion Inhib-iting for Intermittent Use to 360 F (182 C)SAE-AMS-3276 Sealing Compound, Integral Fu

40、el Tanksand General Purpose, Intermittent Use to 360 F (182 C)SAE-AMS-3277 Sealing Compound, Polythioether RubberFast Curing Integral Fuel Tanks and General Purpose,Intermittent Use to 360 F (182 C)SAE-AMS-3278 Sealing and Coating Compound: Polyure-thane (PUR) Fuel Resistant High Tensile Strength/El

41、ongation for Integral Fuel Tanks/Fuel Cavities/GeneralPurposeSAE-AMS-3279 Sealing Compound, Sprayable, for IntegralFuel Tanks and Fuel Cell Cavities, for Intermittent Use to350 F (177 C)SAE-AMS-3281 Sealing Compound, Polysulfide (T) Syn-thetic Rubber for Integral Fuel Tank and Fuel CellCavities Low

42、Density for Intermittent Use to 360 F(182 C)SAE-AMS-3283 Sealing Compound, Polysulfide Non-Curing, Groove Injection Temperature and Fuel ResistantSAE-AMS-3361 Silicone Potting Compound, Elastomeric,Two-Part, General Purpose, 150 to 400 Poise (15 to 40Pas) ViscositySAE-AMS-3375 Adhesive/Sealant, Fluo

43、rosilicone, Aro-matic Fuel Resistant, One-Part Room Temperature Vulca-nizingSAE-AMS-3376 Sealing Compound, Non-Curing, GrooveInjection Temperature and Fuel ResistantSAE-AMS-4017 Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate, 2.5Mg 0.25Cr (5052H34) Strain-Hardened, Half-Hard, and Sta-bilizedSAE-AMS-4027 Aluminum Al

44、loy, Sheet and Plate 1.0Mg 0.60Si 0.28Cu 0.20Cr (6061; T6 Sheet, T651 Plate)Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-4029 Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate 4.5Cu 0.85SI 0.80Mn 0.50Mg (2014; T6 Sheet, T651Plate) Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-4037 Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate 4.

45、4Cu 1.5Mg 0.60 Mn (2024; T3 Flat Sheet, T351 Plate)Solution Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-4107 Aluminum Alloy, Die Forgings(7050T74) Solution Heat Treated and OveragedSAE-AMS-4260 Aluminum Alloy, Investment Castings7.0Si 0.32Mg (356.0T6) Solution and PrecipitationHeat TreatedSAE-AMS-4750 Solder, TinLead 45Sn

46、55PbSAE-AMS-4751 TinLead Eutectic 63Sn 37PbSAE-AMS-4901 Titanium Sheet, Strip, and Plate Commer-cially Pure Annealed, 70.0 ksi (485 MPa)SAE-AMS-4915 Titanium Alloy Sheet, Strip, and Plate 8Al1V IMo Single AnnealedSAE-AMS-5330 Steel Castings, Investment, 0.80Cr 1.8Ni 0.35Mo (0.380.46C) (SAE 4340 Modi

47、fied) AnnealedSAE-AMS-5338 Steel, Investment Castings 0.95Cr 0.20Mo (0.350.45C) (SAE 4140 Mod) Normalized orNormalized and TemperedSAE-AMS-5504 Steel, Corrosion and HeatResistant,Sheet, Strip, and Plate 12.5Cr (SAE 51410) Annealed5Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,Pe

48、nnsylvania 15096, http:/www.sae.org/servlets/indexD4054 163SAE-AMS-5525 Steel, Corrosion and Heat Resistant, Sheet,Strip, and Plate 15Cr 25.5Ni 1.2Mo 2.1Ti 0.006B0.30V 1800 F (982 C) Solution Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-5604 Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Sheet, Strip,and Plate 16.5Cr 4.0Ni 4.0Cu 0.30 Solution

49、 HeatTreated, Precipitation HardenableSAE-AMS-5613 Steel, Corrosion and Heat Resistant, Bars,Wire, Forgings, Tubing, and Rings 12.5Cr (SAE 51410)AnnealedSAE-AMS-5643 Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Bars, Wire,Forgings, Tubing, and Rings 16Cr 4.0Ni 0.30Cb 4.0Cu Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation HardenableSAE-AMS-5688 Steel, CorrosionResistant, Wire18Cr9.0Ni (SAE 30302) Spring TemperSAE-AMS-5737 Steel, Corrosion and HeatResistant, Bars,Wire, Forgings, and Tubing 15Cr 25.5Ni 1.2Mo 2.1Ti 0.00