ANSI ASTM E1701-1995 Standard Classification for Serviceability of an Office Facility for Manageability《办公设施关于可管理性方面的适用性分类》.pdf

1、Designation: E1701 95 (Reapproved 2012)An American National StandardStandard Classification forServiceability of an Office Facility for Manageability1, 2This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1701; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption

2、or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This classification covers pairs of scales (see Figs. 1-8)for classifying an

3、aspect of the serviceability of an officefacility, that is, the capability of an office facility to meetcertain possible requirements for manageability.1.2 Within that aspect of serviceability, each pair of scales(see Figs. 1-8) are for classifying one topic of serviceability.Each paragraph in an Oc

4、cupant Requirement Scale summarizesone level of serviceability on that topic, which occupants mightrequire. The matching entry in the facility rating scale is atranslation of the requirement into a description of certainfeatures of a facility which, taken in combination, indicate thatthe facility is

5、 likely to meet that level of required serviceability.1.3 The entries in the Facility Rating Scale (see Figs. 1-8)are indicative and not comprehensive. They are for quickscanning, to estimate approximately, quickly, and economi-cally, how well an office facility is likely to meet the needs ofone or

6、another type of occupant group, over time. The entriesare not for measuring, knowing, or evaluating how an officefacility is performing.1.4 This classification can be used to estimate the level ofserviceability of an existing facility. It can also be used toestimate the serviceability of a facility

7、that has been plannedbut not yet built, such as one for which single-line drawingsand outline specifications have been prepared.1.5 This classification indicates what would cause a facilityto be rated at a certain level of serviceability, but does not statehow to conduct a serviceability rating nor

8、how to assign aserviceability score. That information is found in PracticeE1334. The scales in Figs. 1-8 are complimentary to andcompatible with Practice E1334. Each requires the other.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE1334 Practice for Rating the

9、Serviceability of a Buildingor Building-Related FacilityE1679 Practice for Setting the Requirements for the Ser-viceability of a Building or Building-Related Facility2.2 ISO Documents:4ISO 6240 International Standard, Performance Standards inBuildingContents and PresentationISO/DIS 7162 Draft Intern

10、ational Standard, PerformanceStandards in BuildingContents and Format of Standardsfor Evaluation of PerformanceISO/DIS 7164 Draft International Standard, PerformanceStandards in BuildingDefinitions and Means of Expres-sion for the Performance of a Whole Building3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 fa

11、cility, na physical setting used to serve a specificpurpose.3.1.1.1 DiscussionA facility may be within a building, ora whole building, or a building with its site and surroundingenvironment; or it may be a construction that is not a building.The term encompasses both the physical object and its use.

12、3.1.2 facility serviceabilitythe capability of a facility toperform the function(s) for which it is designed, used, orrequired to be used.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe scope of this performance is of thefacility as a system, including its subsystems, components, and1This classification is under the jurisdic

13、tion of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.25on Whole Buildings and Facilities.Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1701 95 (2005).DOI: 10.152

14、0/E1701-95R12.2Portions of this document are based on material originally prepared by theInternational Centre for Facilities (ICF) and r 1993 by ICF and Minister of PublicWorks and Government Services Canada. Their cooperation in the development ofthis standard is acknowledged.3For referenced ASTM s

15、tandards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Fl

16、oor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.FIG. 1 Scale B.2.1 for Reliability of External SupplyE1701 95 (2012)2materials and their interactions, such as acoustical, hydrother-mal, air

17、 purity, and economic; and of the relative importance ofeach performance requirement.3.1.3 offcea place, such as a room, suite, or building, inwhich business, clerical, or professional activities are con-ducted.3.1.4 For standard definitions of additional terms applicableto this classification, as w

18、ell as those in 3.1.1-3.1.3, seeTerminology E631.4. Significance and Use4.1 Each facility rating scale in this classification (see Figs.1-8) provides a means to estimate the level of serviceability ofa building or facility for one topic of serviceability, and tocompare that level against the level o

19、f any other building orfacility.4.2 This classification can be used for comparing how welldifferent buildings or facilities meet a particular requirementfor serviceability. It is applicable despite differences suchaslocation, structure, mechanical systems, age, and buildingshape.4.3 This classificat

20、ion can be used to estimate the amount ofvariance of serviceability from target or from requirement, fora single office facility, or within a group of office facilities.4.4 This classification can be used to estimate the following:FIG. 1 Scale B.2.1 for Reliability of External Supply (continued)E170

21、1 95 (2012)34.4.1 Serviceability of an existing facility for uses otherthan its present use.4.4.2 Serviceability (potential) of a facility that has beenplanned but not yet built.4.4.3 Serviceability (potential) of a facility for which aremodeling has been planned.4.5 Use of this classification does

22、not result in buildingevaluation or diagnosis. Building evaluation or diagnosisgenerally requires a special expertise in building engineering ortechnology, and the use of instruments, tools, or measurements.4.6 This classification applies only to facilities that arebuilding constructions, or parts t

23、hereof. (While this classifica-tion may be useful in rating the serviceability of facilities thatare not building constructions, such facilities are outside thescope of this classification.)4.7 This classification is not intended for, and is not suitablefor, use for regulatory purposes, nor for fire

24、 hazard assessmentnor fire risk assessment.5. Basis of Classification5.1 The scales in Figs. 1-8 contain the basis for classifica-tion.5.2 Instructions for use of this classification are contained inPractices E1334 and E1679.6. Keywords6.1 building; energy consumption in office buildings; facil-ity;

25、 facility occupants; function; maintenance and operation;ease of; manageability; of building; office; performance; rating;rating scale; requirements; serviceabilityFIG. 2 Scale B.2.2 for Anticipated Remaining Service LifeE1701 95 (2012)4FIG. 3 Scale B.2.3 for Ease of OperationE1701 95 (2012)5FIG. 4

26、Scale B.2.4 Ease of MaintenanceE1701 95 (2012)6FIG. 4 Scale B.2.4 Ease of Maintenance (continued)E1701 95 (2012)7FIG. 5 Scale B.2.5 for Ease of CleaningE1701 95 (2012)8FIG. 5 Scale B.2.5 for Ease of Cleaning (continued)E1701 95 (2012)9FIG. 6 Scale B.2.6 for Janitorial FacilitiesE1701 95 (2012)10FIG.

27、 6 Scale B.2.6 for Janitorial Facilities (continued)E1701 95 (2012)11FIG. 7 Scale B.2.7 for Energy ConsumptionE1701 95 (2012)12FIG. 8 Scale B.2.8 for Energy Management and ControlsE1701 95 (2012)13TABLE 1 Anticipated Remaining Service LifeACountBRemaining Useful Life at Least: Equal to3 = Building e

28、nvelope: seals, joints = 10 years or more4 = Roofing and flashing = 15 years or more5 = HVAC prime movers and main systems = 20 years or more3 = HVAC secondary distrib., for example, small fans = 10 years or more4 = HVAC controls = 10 years or more3 = Elevators and escalators = 20 years or more4 = C

29、eiling systems, including fixtures = 15 years or more3 = Interior finishes, for example, coverings = 10 years or more3 = Operable items, for example, doors, windows = 20 years or more2 = Other systems, for example, plumbing = 20 years or more2 = Site, for example, paving, sidewalks, etc. = 15 years

30、or more2 = Electrical system = 15 years or more2 = Life safety system = 20 years or moreAThe anticipated remaining service life on the items listed in this table should beon file, likely in an asset management plan for the facility. Otherwise, rating on thisaspect of serviceability requires expert j

31、udgement on each item, and cannot becompleted within a normal half-day site visit. If information is not available, thenomit this item from the rating, and note that on the rating form.BDo not add pro rata counts for any remaining life that is estimated to be lessthan the threshold years given in th

32、e legend. The count in this table is not a slidingscale, for example, give all points or no points.TABLE 2 Causes and Evidence of Energy ConsumptionCauses of Excessive EnergyConsumptionEvidence on Energy ConsumptionAir leakage around windows and doors Expert opinion such as buildingoperator, enginee

33、ringInadequate roof insulation technical expertInadequate wall and window insulation,or noneOccupants verbal reports, based ondirect experienceDefective vapor retarder, or none Observable defects, for example,stains, icicles,Inappropriate orientation of building moisture/condensation, draftsNo solar

34、 control, or not effective Specifications and drawings for thefacilityInefficient systems or equipment forHVACTechnical reports based on fieldmeasurementsImproperly sized HVAC equipment Operating recordsPoor energy management and controls(see Table 3).Energy bills, compared with similarfacilitiesTAB

35、LE 3 Energy Management and ControlsNOTEThe first two items go together, but a building could have one featurewithout the other:Count3 = Occupant participation in energy conservation program4 = Automatic response to user-control, for example, if windows are opened2 = Flushing program adjusted in extr

36、eme weather conditionsNOTEA building can only have 1 out of the next 3 choices:5 = Computerized direct digital control of building systems,or 4 = Only monitoring and control are computerized.or 2 = Only time clocks (automatic shutdown).1 = Heat recovery or heat pump system.2 = Night setback.1 = Rene

37、wable energy source (for example, solar).2 = On-site or “district” power generation or cogeneration.3 = Energy use data is collected, targets set and met.E1701 95 (2012)14ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedi

38、n this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and mu

39、st be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of th

40、eresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70

41、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permissio

42、n rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE 4 Building Services (other than electrical power)TelecommunicationsGas supplyWater supply systemSewage or drainage systemHeating, ventilating, and air conditioning systemElevators and escalatorsE1701 95 (2012)15