ANSI ASTM E2320-2004 Standard Classification for Serviceability of an Office Facility for Thermal Environment and Indoor Air Conditions《热环境和室内空气条件下用办公室设施的适用性分类》.pdf

1、Designation: E2320 04 (Reapproved 2012) An American National StandardStandard Classification forServiceability of an Office Facility for Thermal Environmentand Indoor Air Conditions1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2320; the number immediately following the designation indicate

2、s the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This classification contains pairs of scales f

3、or classify-ing an aspect of the serviceability of an office facility, that is,the capability of an office facility to meet certain possiblerequirements for suitable thermal environment and indoor airconditions.1.2 Within this aspect of serviceability, each pair of scales,shown in Figs. 1-53, is for

4、 classifying one topic of serviceabil-ity. Each paragraph in an Occupant Requirement Scale (seeFigs. 1-5) summarizes one level of requirement for service-ability on that topic, which occupants might require. Thematching paragraph in the Facility Rating Scale (see Figs. 1-5)is a translation of the re

5、quirement into a description of certainfeatures of a facility which, taken in combination, indicate thatthe facility is likely to meet that level of required serviceability.1.3 The paragraphs in the Facility Rating Scale (see Figs.1-5) are indicative and not comprehensive. They are for quickscanning

6、 to estimate approximately, quickly, and economicallyhow well a facility is likely to meet the needs of one or anothertype of occupant group over time. The paragraphs are not formeasuring, knowing, or evaluating how an office facility isperforming.1.4 This classification can be used to estimate the

7、level ofserviceability of an existing facility. It can also be used toestimate the serviceability of a facility that has been plannedbut not yet built, such as one for which schematic or prelimi-nary drawings and outline specifications have been prepared.1.5 This standard indicates what would cause

8、a facility to berated (classified) at a certain level of serviceability but does notstate how to conduct a serviceability rating or how to assign aserviceability score. That information is found in PracticeE1334. The scales in this classification are complimentary toand compatible with Practice E133

9、4. Each requires the other.1.6 This standard indicates what would cause a requirementto be classified as being at a specific level, but does not statehow to ascertain a requirement, or how to assign a specificlevel. This information is found in Practice E1679. The scalesin this classification are co

10、mplimentary to and compatible withPractice E1679. Each requires the other.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine

11、 the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4E631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE1334 Practice for Rating the Serviceability of a Building orBuilding-Related Facility (Withdrawn 2013)5E1480 Terminology of Facility Management (Building-

12、Related)E1679 Practice for Setting the Requirements for the Service-ability of a Building or Building-Related Facility, and forDetermining What Serviceability is Provided or Proposed2.2 ASHRAE Standards:6ANSI/ASHRAE 52.1-1992 Gravimetric and Dust-Spot Pro-cedures for Testing Air-Cleaning Devices use

13、d in GeneralVentilation for Removing Particulate MatterANSI/ASHRAE 55-1992 Thermal Environmental Condi-tions for Human Occupancy1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.25on Whole Buildings an

14、d Facilities.Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E2320 04. DOI:10.1520/E2320-04R12.2Portions of this document are based on material originally prepared by theInternational Centre For Facilities (ICF) and 19

15、93 by ICF and Minister ofPUBLIC Works and Government Services Canada. Their cooperation in thedevelopment of this standard is acknowledged.3Text in Figs. 15 is derived from Davis, et al., Serviceability Tools, Vol 2, Scalesfor Setting Occupant Requirement and Rating Buildings, International Centre f

16、orFacilities, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 1993, 2003, and Davis, et al., ServiceabilityTools, Vol 4, Requirement Scales for Offce Buildings, and Vol 5, Rating Scales forOffce Buildings, International Centre for Facilities, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 1993,2003.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the AST

17、M website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.6Available from Americ

18、an Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA30329, http:/www.ashrae.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1FIG. 1 Scale A.4.1 for Temperature and

19、 HumidityE2320 04 (2012)2ANSI/ASHRAE 62-2001 Ventilation for Acceptable IndoorAir Quality3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 facilitya physical setting used to serve a specificpurpose.3.1.1.1 DiscussionA facility may be within a building, awhole building, or a building with its site and surroundinge

20、nvironment; or it may be a construction that is not a building.FIG. 1 Scale A.4.1 for Temperature and Humidity (continued)E2320 04 (2012)3The term encompasses both the physical object and its use.E6313.1.2 facility serviceabilitythe capability of a facility toperform the function(s) for which it is

21、designed, used, orrequired to be used.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe scope of this performance is of thefacility as a system, including its subsystems, components andmaterials and their interactions, such as acoustical,hydrothermal, air purity, and economic; and of the relativeimportance of each performance

22、requirement. E6313.1.3 offcea place, such as a room, suite, or building, inwhich business, clerical, or professional activities areconducted. E6313.1.4 For standard definitions of additional terms applicableto this classification, see Terminologies E631 and E1480.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to

23、 This Standard:3.2.1 air, ventilationthat portion of supply air that isoutdoor air plus any recirculated air that has been treated forthe purpose of maintaining acceptable indoor air quality.ASHRAE 62-20013.2.1.1 DiscussionThis definition contains the term, “ac-ceptable indoor air quality,” which is

24、 defined by ASHRAE62-2001 as, “air in which there are no known contaminants atharmful concentrations as determined by cognizant authoritiesand with which a substantial majority of the people exposed(80 % or more) do not express dissatisfaction.”3.2.2 breathing zonethe region in a workplace betweende

25、sktop or tabletop and standing height, for example, between0.7 m and 1.8 m above the floor, containing the air thatoccupants breathe in while working at their workplace.3.2.3 contaminantan unwanted airborne constituent thatmay reduce acceptability of the air. ASHRAE 62-20013.2.4 dustan air suspensio

26、n of particles (aerosol) of anysolid material, usually with particle size less than 100 mi-crometres (m). ASHRAE 62-19993.2.5 filter effciencypercentage efficiency measured byANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.1-1992 Gravimetric and Dust-Spot procedures for Testing Air-Cleaning Devised Used inGeneral Ventilati

27、on for Removing Particulate Matter.3.2.6 flushingrunning a building air conditioning systemwith 100 % outdoor air, and no recirculated air, in order todilute the indoor air contaminants in the occupied zone(assuming well-mixed conditions in the occupied zone, soventilation effectiveness approaches 1

28、00 %).3.2.6.1 DiscussionIn cold or hot weather, some buildingsdo not have sufficient heating or cooling capacity to maintainindoor temperatures within target range concurrently withflushing, or to bring it back within a recovery time acceptableto the building owner or occupants.3.2.7 fumesairborne p

29、articles, usually less than 1 mi-crometre in size, formed by condensation of vapors,sublimation, distillation, calcination, or chemical reaction.ASHRAE 62-19993.2.8 HVACheating, ventilating, and air conditioningequipment or system.3.2.9 occupied zonethe region within an occupied spacebetween planes

30、0.075 and 1.8 m (3 and 72 in.) above the floorand more than 0.6 m (2 ft) from the walls or fixed airconditioning equipment. ASHRAE 62-2001FIG. 1 Scale A.4.1 for Temperature and Humidity (continued)E2320 04 (2012)4FIG. 2 Scale A.4.2 for Indoor Air Quality ConditionsE2320 04 (2012)5FIG. 2 Scale A.4.2

31、for Indoor Air Quality Conditions (continued)E2320 04 (2012)6FIG. 3 Scale A.4.3 for Ventilation (Air Supply)E2320 04 (2012)73.2.10 odora quality of gasses, liquids, or particles thatstimulates the olfactory organ. ASHRAE 6-20014. Significance and Use4.1 Each Occupant Requirement Scale (see Figs. 1-5

32、) in thisclassification provides a means to set the required level ofserviceability of a building or facility for one topic of service-ability and to compare that level against any level of any otheroccupant, or of any building or facility.4.2 Each Facility Rating Scale (see Figs. 1-5) in thisclassi

33、fication provides a means to estimate the level of service-ability of a building or facility for one topic of serviceabilityFIG. 3 Scale A.4.3 for Ventilation (Air Supply) (continued)E2320 04 (2012)8and to compare that level against any level of requirement ofany occupant, or of any other building o

34、r facility.4.3 This classification can be used for comparing how welldifferent buildings or facilities meet a particular requirementfor serviceability. It is applicable despite differences such aslocation, structure, mechanical systems, age, and buildingshape.4.4 This classification can be used to e

35、stimate the amount ofvariance of serviceability from target or from requirement, fora single office facility, or within a group of office facilities.4.5 This classification can be used to estimate the following:4.5.1 Serviceability of an existing facility for uses otherthan its present use.4.5.2 Ser

36、viceability (potential) of a facility that has beenplanned but not yet built.4.5.3 Serviceability (potential) of a facility for which re-modeling has been planned.4.6 Use of this classification does not result in buildingevaluation or diagnosis. Building evaluation or diagnosisgenerally requires a s

37、pecial expertise in building engineering ortechnology, and the use of instruments, tools, or measurements.4.7 This classification applies only to facilities that arebuilding constructions, or part thereof. (While classificationmay be useful in rating the serviceability of facilities that arenot buil

38、ding constructions, such facilities are outside the scopeof this classification. See discussion under definition 3.1.1.)4.8 This classification is not intended for, and is not suitablefor, use for regulatory purposes nor for fire hazard assessmentnor for fire risk assessment.5. Basis of Classificati

39、on5.1 The scales in Figs. 1-5 contain the basis for classifica-tion.5.2 Instructions for the use of this classification are con-tained in Practices E1334 and E1679.6. Keywords6.1 air quality; building; facility; facility occupants; func-tion; humidity; indoor air; office performance; rating; ratings

40、cale; requirements; serviceability; temperature; thermal envi-ronment; ventilationFIG. 3 Scale A.4.3 for Ventilation (Air Supply) (continued)E2320 04 (2012)9FIG. 4 Scale A.4.4 for Local Adjustments by OccupantsE2320 04 (2012)10FIG. 4 Scale A.4.4 for Local Adjustments by Occupants (continued)E2320 04

41、 (2012)11FIG. 5 Scale A.4.5 for Ventilation with Openable WindowsE2320 04 (2012)12FIG. 5 Scale A.4.5 for Ventilation with Openable Windows (continued)E2320 04 (2012)13ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin th

42、is standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must b

43、e reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theres

44、ponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, W

45、est Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 5 Scale A.4.5 for Ventilation with Openable Windows (continued)E2320 04 (2012)14