ANSI ASTM F2283-2012 Standard Specification for Shipboard Oil Pollution Abatement System《船载除油系统规范》.pdf

1、Designation: F2283 12 An American National StandardStandard Specification forShipboard Oil Pollution Abatement System1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2283; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye

2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture,installation, performance, and operation of a shipboard oilpol

3、lution abatement system (OPAS) that collects, transfers, andprocesses all the oily waste generated from incidental operationof machinery spaces. This specification applies to commercialand public vessels and is intended for use by designers,manufacturers, purchasers, installers and operators of ship

4、-board OPAS to determine the requirements for system design,equipment manufacture, equipment purchase, system integra-tion and installation, and system in-service operation. Thisspecification and its supplementary sections may be tailored tomeet the specific users needs to cover from OPAS newconstru

5、ction to retrofitting of individual OPAS equipment.1.2 OPAS is comprised of drain tanks, bilge suctions,transfer pumps, Oily Bilge Water Holding Tanks, Oil Residue(sludge) Tanks, 15 ppm Bilge Separator systems, 15 ppm BilgeAlarm, automatic stopping device, and deck connections. The15 ppm Bilge Separ

6、ator is considered to be applicable for useto separate oily bilge water and ballast water from fuel oiltanks. Treatment of ballast water is addressed in otherregulations/ standards and is not addressed herein.1.3 This specification covers the system from the point ofentering the OPAS until the oil-w

7、ater mixture is treated, theclean water meeting the applicable discharge limits is dis-charged overboard, and the separated oil is contained for onshore disposal or further treatment. It also includes conceptsfor minimizing oily waste generation. The ASTM specificationis intended to augment the exis

8、ting regulations, provide theuser options to meet their specific needs, and should not beconsidered a replacement for overriding regulation.1.4 It is recognized that the development and testing of highcapacity separating equipment designed for dealing with efflu-ent from cargo tanks on tankers pose

9、special problems and suchequipment is not required to be tested under InternationalMaritime Organization (IMO) Marine Environment ProtectionCommittee (MEPC) resolution MEPC.107(49) nor is it cov-ered in this specification1.5 There are means to reduce the volume of bilge and/orprocess oily waste that

10、 are not considered 15 ppm BilgeSeparators systems. Examples include incinerators,evaporators, combinations thereof, and other technologies.Such processes may require addressing all potential issues withthe system such as toxicology and emissions to atmosphere.Such means and/or processes are out of

11、scope of this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior

12、 to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements forSpecialized Carbon and Alloy Steel PipeA999/A999M Specification for General Requirements forAlloy and Stainless Steel PipeB165 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400)Seamless Pipe and T

13、ubeF992 Specification for Valve Label PlatesF993 Specification for Valve Locking DevicesF1155 Practice for Selection and Application of PipingSystem MaterialsF1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for MarineSystems, Equipment, and FacilitiesF1323 Specification for Shipboard IncineratorsF1510 Sp

14、ecification for Rotary Positive DisplacementPumps, Ships UseF1511 Specification for Mechanical Seals for ShipboardPump ApplicationsF2044 Specification for Liquid Level Indicating Equipment,ElectricalF2045 Specification for Indicators, Sight, Liquid Level,Direct and Indirect Reading, Tubular Glass/Pl

15、astic1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.06 onMarine Environmental Protection.Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous

16、edition approved in 2009 as F2283 04 (2009).DOI: 10.1520/F2283-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web

17、site.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1F2446 Classification for Hierarchy of Equipment Identifiersand Boundaries for Reliability, Availability, and Maintain-ability (RAM) Performance Data Exchange2.2 ANSI/ASME Standards:

18、3B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flange FittingsB16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges, Flanged Valves and Fittings 150,300, 400, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500 lbB16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and ThreadedB16.24 Bronze Flanges and Flanged Fittings 150, 300 lb2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:433 CFR Part 1

19、55 Department of Homeland Security, U.S.Coast Guard (USCG), Oil or Hazardous Material Pollu-tion Prevention Regulations for Vessels46 CFR Part 147 Department of Homeland Security, U.S.Coast Guard (USCG), Hazardous Ships Stores40 CFR Part 171 Department of Transportation (DoT),Research and Special Pr

20、ograms Administration (RSPA),General Information, Regulations and Definitions2.4 International Maritime Organization (IMO):5MARPOL 73/78 International Convention for the Preven-tion of Pollution from Ships, 1973 as modified by theProtocol of 1978,Annex IPrevention of Pollution by OilMEPC.107 (49) Re

21、solution Revised Guidelines and Speci-fications for Pollution Prevention Equipment for Machin-ery Space Bilges of ShipsIMO MEPC.187 (59) Amendments to the Annex of theProtocol of 1978 Relating to the International Conventionfor the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973IMO MEPC.1/Circ.759 Guidelin

22、es for a Shipboard OilWaste Pollution Prevention PlanIMO MEPC.1 Circ 642 2008 Revised Guidelines for Sys-tems for Handling Oily Waste in Machinery Spaces ofShips Incorporating Guidance Notes for an IntegratedBilge water Treatment System (IBTS)IMO MEPC.1/Circ.760 Amendments to the 2008 RevisedGuideli

23、nes for Systems for Handling Oily Wastes inMachinery Spaces of Ships Incorporating Guidance Notesfor an Integrated Bilge Water Treatment System (IBTS)(MEPC.1/CIRC.642, as amended by MEPC.1/CIRC.676)IMO MEPC.1 Circ 677 Guide to Diagnosing Contaminantsin Oily Bilge Water to Maintain, Operate and Troub

24、le-shoot Bilge Water Treatment Systems2.5 Other Documents:ANSI/ISA60079-13 or IEC 60079-1 Electrical apparatus forexplosive gas atmospheresPart 1: Flameproof Enclo-sures “d”3ANSI/ NEMA MG 1 Motors and generators3IEC 60085 Electrical insulationThermal evaluation anddesignation6IEC 60092-350 Electrica

25、l installations in shipsPart 350:General construction and test methods of power, controland instrumentation cables for shipboard and offshoreapplications6IEC 60092-353 Electrical Installations in ShipsPart 353:Single and Multicore Non-radial Field Power Cables withExtruded Solids Insulation for Rate

26、d Voltages 1 KV and 3KV6IEC 60529 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures,International Protection Rating (IP Codes)664 Federal Register Number 173, 8 September 1999 Con-tiguous Zone Proclamation ANSI/NFPA No. 70 NationalElectrical Code7IEEE 1580 Recommended Practice for Marine Cable for useon

27、Shipboard and Fixed or Floating Marine Platforms8NFPA 70 National Electrical Code9Public Law 92-500 Federal Water Pollution Control Act,October 18, 1972, as amended by Public Law 95-217,Clean Water Act, December 27, 1977, as amended Under-writers Laboratories Standard 913 (as revised April 8,1976)7U

28、L 913 Standard for Intrinsically Safe Apparatus and Asso-ciated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II, III, Division 1,Hazardous (Classified) Locations10UL 1309 Standard for Safety Marine Shipboard Cable10UL 1203 Explosion-Proof and Dust-Ignition ElectricalEquipment for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Loca

29、tionsISO 93772:2000 Water QualityDetermination of Hydro-carbon Oil IndexPart 2: Method Using Solvent Extrac-tion and Gas Chromatography113. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 15 ppm bilge alarman instrument that is designed tomeasure the oil content of oily mixtures

30、from machinery spacebilges and fuel oil tanks that carry ballast and activate an alarmat a set concentration limit. Also, referred to in this standard asOil Content Monitor (OCM).3.1.2 15 ppm bilge separatordevice that may include anycombinations of a separator, filter, coalescer or other means,and

31、also a single unit designed to produce an effluent with oilcontent not exceeding 15 ppm. Also, referred to in thisdocument as Oil-Water Separator (OWS).3.1.3 automatic stopping devicea device that automati-cally stops any discharge overboard of oily mixture when theoil content of the effluent exceed

32、s 15 ppm. Also, referred to inthis document as diverter valve.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop:

33、SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.5Available from International Maritime Organization (IMO) Publishing, 4AlbertEmbankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom, http:/www.imo.org.6Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue deVaremb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, G

34、eneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.7Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.8Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),445 Hoes Ln., Pisc

35、ataway, NJ 08854, http:/www.ieee.org.9Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.10Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,WA 98607-8542, http:/.11Available from International Organization

36、 for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.F2283 1223.1.4 bilge primary tanka tank used as a means ofpre-treatment for separation of oily bilge water.3.1.5 bulk oilliquid phase composed mostly of oil or oilresidue.3.1.6 certifying ad

37、ministrationany entity appropriatelyauthorized by a government to carry out the functions pre-scribed in regulations pertaining to oily waste.3.1.7 commercial vesselany vessel (that is, boat or ship)engaged in commercial trade or that carries passengers for hire.This would exclude pleasure craft tha

38、t do not carry passengersfor hire or warships.3.1.8 contiguous zonethe entire zone established by theUnited States under Contiguous Zone Proclamation. SourcePresidential Proclamation 7219 of August 2, 1999.3.1.9 dischargeincludes, but is not limited to, any spilling,leaking, pumping, pouring, emitti

39、ng, emptying, or dumping,however caused.3.1.10 diverter valvereferred to in this document as auto-matic stopping device.3.1.11 flag statethe authority under which a countryexercises regulatory control over the commercial vessel whichis registered under its flag. This involves the inspection,certific

40、ation, and issuance of safety and pollution preventiondocuments.3.1.12 free oiloil in water that is not chemically emulsi-fied or highly dispersed by mechanical means.3.1.13 GTgross tonnage.3.1.14 hazardous materialsany material or combinationof material that poses a substantial danger to human bein

41、gs,plants, animals and the marine environment. A material ishazardous if it possesses one or more of the followingcharacteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity, andradioactivity.3.1.15 Integrated Bilge Water Treatment System (IBTS)asystem to minimize the amount of oily bilge water

42、 generated inmachinery spaces by treating the leaked water and oil sepa-rately. It also provides an integrated means to process the oilybilge water and oil residue (sludge).3.1.16 IMOInternational Maritime Organization3.1.17 independent laboratorya laboratory that is notowned or controlled by a manu

43、facturer, supplier, or vendor of15 ppm bilge separators, or 15 ppm bilge alarms.3.1.18 manufacturera vendor, shipbuilder, shipyard, orany other supplier of OPAS equipment and/or components.3.1.19 MARPOLMarine Pollution convention3.1.20 MARPOL 73/78International Convention for thePrevention of Pollut

44、ion from Ships, 1973 as modified by theProtocol of 1978.3.1.21 MARPOL 73/78 Annex IPrevention of Pollution byOil3.1.22 MEPCMarine Environment Protection Committee3.1.23 oilpetroleum, synthetic oil, fuel oil, bio-fuel,sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed with wastes other thandredged soil.3.1.24 Oil Con

45、tent Monitor (OCM)referred in this stan-dard as 15 ppm Bilge Alarm.3.1.25 oil residue (sludge)the residual waste oil productsgenerated during the normal operation of a ship such as thoseresulting from the purification of fuel or lubricating oil formain or auxiliary machinery, separated waste oil fro

46、m oilfiltering equipment, waste oil collected in drip trays, and wastehydraulic and lubricating oils. Sometimes, referred to as wasteoil.3.1.26 Oil Residue (sludge) Tanka tank which holds oilresidue (sludge) from which sludge may be disposed directlythrough the standard discharge connection or any o

47、ther ap-proved means of disposal. Sometimes, referred to as Waste OilTank.3.1.27 oily bilge waterwater which may be contaminatedby oil resulting from things such as leakage or maintenancework in machinery spaces.Any liquid entering the bilge systemincluding bilge wells, bilge piping, tank top or bil

48、ge holdingtanks is considered oily bilge water.3.1.28 oily wasteoil residues (sludge) and oily bilge water.3.1.29 Oil Pollution Abatement System (OPAS)systemthat collects, transfers, and processes all the oily waste gener-ated during a ships normal service and allows overboarddischarge of waters mee

49、ting legal requirements.3.1.30 OPAS Integratorshipyard, installer, owner operatoror any other organization responsible for providing the entireOPAS.3.1.31 Oil-Water Separator (OWS)referred in this docu-ment as 15 ppm Bilge Separator.3.1.32 overboard dischargetreated bilge water which isanalyzed by the Bilge Alarm and pumped to the sea.3.1.33 ppmparts of oil per million parts of water byvolume.3.1.34 public vessela vessel owned or bareboat charteredand operated by the United States, or by a State or politicalsubdivisi